????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ???? ????? (???? ????) ????, ????, ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ? tryptophan ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????

?

Tryptophan ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT? ????? ????? ????? ?????) ??? ??? ?? ???? ???????? tryptophan ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???. ?????? ??, tryptophan ?? ?????? 5-HT ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????. ????, ?? ???? ????? ????? ???, tryptophan ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????-?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.

?

?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????-????? ???? ?????? ??? (?????) ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?21 ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?21 ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? (OFT)? ?CMS ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? (TST)? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?

?

?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ? tryptophan ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? tryptophan ??? ????? ??? ????, ????? ???? ??????? 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ???????? ? 5-hydroxytryptamine ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? tph1 ? mRNA ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?? ? 5-HT ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ? tryptophane-5-HT ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? homeostasis ????????? ? 5-HT ????? ??????? ???????

?

?????? ???-???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? 5-HT ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ? 5-HT ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? AgRP ?? OX1R ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? LEPR ? MC4R ?? 5-HT1B ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ? tryptophane-5-HT ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????.

?

????? ? tryptophan ?? ???? ?? ???? ????-??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? tryptophan (100mg/kg ?? 300mg/kg) ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?21 ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ??? tryptophan (300mg/kg) ??? ?21 ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ??? tryptophan ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???1?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? LEPR ? MC4R ? 5-HT1B ?? 5-HT2C ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? tryptophan (100mg/kg) ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????

?

???? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? 5-HT 5-HT1B ?? 5-HT2C ??????? ???????? POMC? AgRP ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????/NPY ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ? tryptophan-5-HT ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????

?

??????? ?5-HT ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? GT1-7 ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? GT1-7 ???? ?10μM ???????? (CORT) ?24 ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??? AgRP ?? OX1R ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ? CORT ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? MC4R ? 5-HT1B ?? 5-HT2C ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ? 0.1μM 5-HT ? 2 ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ? CORt-induced AgRP ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????, ?? ?MC4R, 5-HT1B ?? 5-HT2C ????? ??????? ???? ????. ?? ????? ? 5-HT ???????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????.

?

???? ??????-

?

????? ??? ? tryptophan ???? homeostasis ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ???: ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? (P

?

??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???: ???? ??? ??? tryptophan ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? (P

?

? tryptophan ??? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???: Immunohistochemical ????? ???????? ? C-fos ?? AgRP ? ARC ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????, ? LEPR ????? ????? ??? ???? (P

?

? tryptophan ???? ? 5-HT ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???: ???? tryptophan ?? 5-HT ????? tryptophan ???? (P

?

?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ? tryptophane-5-HT ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????. ? exogenous tryptophan ??? ????? ????? ??? (300mg/kg) ????? ? 5-HT ?????? ????, ??????? 5-HT1B ?? 5-HT2C ??????? ???????, AgRP/NPY ???? ???? ??????, ? POMC ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????.

?

?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???. ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? 5-hydroxytryptamine ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ? tryptophan ?? ??????? 5-hydroxytryptophan ????? ?? ?????-???-???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????

?

????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????. ?????? ???, ??? ?????, ???, ???, ??, ??, ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? tryptophan ????? ???? ??? ???, ??? ??? tryptophan ??? ????? ???? ????, 5-hydroxytryptophan ???? ???? ???????, ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????. ??? ??, ???? ??? ??? tryptophan 100% ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????. ?????? ?? ? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??? tryptophan (???? ? 500 mg / ??) ???) ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????, ???? ????? ??? ???, tryptophan ???? ???? ??? ??? ????, tryptophan ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???????.

?

?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ? tryptophan ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???-??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??.

?

??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????