?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????. ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????.

?

????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? (CVD) ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? 50 ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????.

?

?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????: ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???????/????? ??????? (I/R).

?

???????? ???????? ?????? ?????

?

????? ???????? ??????

?

????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????. ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????. ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? (mTOR)? ??? ????? ?????? ?????/???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????. ?????? ????? mTOR ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? AMP (AMPK) ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? mTOR.

?

????????????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????. ????? ???????? ?? ????????????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? AMPK ??? ?????? ??????. ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? mTOR 2 (mTORC2).

?

??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ?????? AMPK? ????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? mTOR.

?

???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????. ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? PI3K-AKT-mTOR? ???? ??????? ????? AKT ?mTOR? ???? ????? LC3-II? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? BECN1? ?????? ??????? ??? BECN1 ?BCL-2? ?????? ????? FoxO1.

?

???? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????

?

???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????.

?

????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????????. ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? PPARγ ?LXRα ?ABCG1? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????? LDL ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????.

?

????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ???????? ????????. ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ?????? ????????? ????? ???????? ????????? (ROS)? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????. ????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? NF-κB? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? Nrf2/ARE.

?

???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????????? (Zingiberaceae). ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? (ROS)? ??? ?? ??? ????????????. ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????. [6] ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? (SOD) ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? PI3K/AKT? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????. ???????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? 6-???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? Nrf2. ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? (NO)? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????.

?

????? ????? ????? ???? ?????

?

????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????. ???? ???????????? 2 ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????. ???? AMPK ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? AMPK ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????.

?

???? ???? ??? ????? ????????? β1 (TGF-β1) ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ???? FoxO1 ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????. ???? TGF-β1 ??????? ?? FoxO1? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? TGF-β1 ?? ????? FoxO1? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? FoxO1? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????.

?

???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ???????. ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? AMPK/TGF-β/Smads. ???? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? AMPK/TGF-β/Smads. ??? ????? ???????? Smad3 ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? p300? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????????? II.

?

??????????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???. ???? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????????? II ???????? ??????. ???? ??????????? ??????? ?? ???????? c-Fos ?c-Jun ?????????? ????????????? II? ??? ??????? ???? AP-1. ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????????? ????? ???? NF-κB ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? p38 ?JNK ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? (ROS)? ????? ????? ????? AP-1 ?? ????? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? (EGFR) ??????? ??????? ERK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? B? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????????? II ?????? ???????? NADPH? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????.

?

?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????.

?

????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? IIA? ?????????? E? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????/????? ???????. ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? mTOR? AMPK? NF-κB? Nrf2? ??????.

?

???????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???????.

?

?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???????. ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????. ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????.