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Youdaoplaceholder0 ????? ????? ?????? ??????: ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????????

Youdaoplaceholder0 1.1 ???????: ???? ??????? ??????

???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? 500 ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? (C??H???O??)? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????.

???? ???????: ??? ??? ?????/???? ????? → ??????? → ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????????

?????? ????????: 4 ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? 1? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???????

??????? ????????: ?? "????? ??????" ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????.

Youdaoplaceholder0 1.2 ?????????: ???? ????? ???????

?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? (C??H??Cl?O?) ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????.

???? ???????: ????? ??????? → ??????? ????????? → ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????

???? ???? ?? ??????: ???? ?? ??????? ?? 600 ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? (????? ????? ?????? ?????????)?

???? ???????: ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? 1998? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? 1.8 ????? ????? ?? ??? 2022.

????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????: ??????? ??????? ????? ???????

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.1 ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????

?????? ??????: ??????? → ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? + ?????? → ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????.

???? ?????: ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? 10% ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? (????? 50 ?????? ?? ???????)?

????? ?? ???????: ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?35 ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???.

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.2 ??? ????? ?????????

??????? ???????: ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? → ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????.

???????? ???????: ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? (FDA) ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? (EFSA) ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? (JECFA) ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? (ADI) ???? 5 ??? / ??? ?? ??? ??????

Youdaoplaceholder0 ???? ?????? :

?????? ???????? ???????: ?????? ????? ????? ??? 2018 ?? ???? Nature ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ????????

??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????: ?? ??? ????? ??????????????? (???? ?????? ??????) ??? 120 ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????

????? ???????? ??? ???????: ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????.

Youdaoplaceholder0 ??? ??????? :

????????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????. ???? ???? ?? ??? ???????????? ??????????.

-- ?. ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????

Youdaoplaceholder0 ????? 3 ???????? ?????????: ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.1 ??? ??????? ??????? ???????

???? ?????: ????? ????? ???????? (????? ??????) ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ?? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????.

????? ?????????: ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????. ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??"????? ?????".

????? ????: ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? "?????? ??????".

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.2 ???????????? ???????? ?????????

????????? ??????? ?? ?????: ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? "?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????" ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? 25% ?? ??? 2023?

??????? ????????: ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????

?????? ??? ????: ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????.

Youdaoplaceholder0 ????: ?????????? ????? ???? ??????

?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????. ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 4.1 ????? ???????????: ???? ????????? ?? ????? ??????

????? ????? ????????: ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? "?????? ?????"?

???? ????? ?: ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????

??? ??? ????: ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????.

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.2 ??? ????? ????? ????????

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???????? ????????: ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????

????? ????? Z: 87% ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.

Youdaoplaceholder0 ???????: ???? ??????? ?? ????????

?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ?? ???? ???? ????. ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????. ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????: ? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?? ???????.