???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????: ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? (?? ??????? ???? ???? ???). ???? ??? ?????? ????:

??????? ???????? (??? ???? ?????????)
??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????????:

??? ?? ?????? ?????. ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????. ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????. ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????.
??? ????? ??????/????? ??????? ???????? ??????:

????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????. ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????.
?? ???? ???? ???????:

???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? (??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ???????) (??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????).
??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????:

?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? (?????? ???? ??????? ?????????) ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? (??? ?????? ?????? ????????)? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????.
???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? (?????? ?????)
????? ?? ????? ???? Nature Medicine ???? 2023:

????? ????? ????????:
????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? (??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????) ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????.
????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? (??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????) ????? ????? ???????.
?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? (???? ????!):
????? ?????? ???? ???? ????: ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????. ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? (??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??????)? ???? ?????.
?????? ????: ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? (??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????????) ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????.
?? ????? ???? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????: ????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? (??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????). ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????.
????? ??????: ????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ????.
????? ?????: ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????.
?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????:

?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? (????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????) ??????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????. ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???.
?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? (????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????) ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????.
???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? (??????? ????? ??? ?????)
?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????: ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????.
?? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???????:
?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????: ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? (??? ???????) ??? ?? ??????? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????.
???? ?????? ???????: ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????????.
???? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????: ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? (??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????)? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? (??????? ???????? ??????????) ??????? ?????? (??? ??????? ?????????)? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? (??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????). ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????.
??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???????:
??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? (??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???)? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????.
?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? (??? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????)? ???????? ??????? (???? ??????? ??????? ???????? / ?????? ??????)? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????.
??? ?? ???????? ???????: ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???:
?????????: ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????. ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ????.
???????? ???????? ??????????: ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???.
(??????: ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????)
?????
??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????:

??????? ?????: ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????.
????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????: ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????.
???????? ??????:
???? ??????: ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????.
??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????: ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????.
??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????: ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????.
?? ???? ???????? ???????: ???? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?????.
??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? "???? ?????" ???????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? (FDA) ??????? ??????? ?????.