???????????? ???? ???-?????? ????? ?????????, ?? ????? ???????? ?????, ?? ???? ????, ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???.??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????, ???? ?????, ???, ???????, ?????? ???????? ??? ??????, ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????, ??? ??????? ????? ??, ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? [1][2]? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???????, ??? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???, ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ?.? ???????????/?????, ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??%, ?? ????? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ??-????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? [3]? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? [2]? ???????, ??????? ???? ????? ??? 90% ????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???, ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? [4]? ????????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? [5]? ??????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????????

????????, ????????? ???? ????????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ???????, ????????????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????, ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? [4]? ????, ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????

?????? ???????: ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??, ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? 2/3? ????????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? - ????? ??????????? ???????, ??????????? ????????????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? [7,8]? ???????, ??? ??????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????-?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???, ??? ??? ????-?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????, ??????? ??????? ?????????????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????, ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????

????????? ??? ?????: ?????????????? ??? ???? ???, ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? 90% ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? 10% ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???, ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???, ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????, ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????, ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ????, ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? [9]? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? 1/10-1/20, ??? ?? ????? ????? 0.2-0.4 kJ/g, ?? ????????? ?????? 5% ???? 10%, ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??????

???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????????????????: ??????????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????, ????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? 10% ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???, ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? [10]? ????????? ??????????? "2007 ?? 12" ??????? ????????? ??????? "?????? ??????? ??? ???" ????? ?????, ????? ????? 50 ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????????????? ???, ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????

?????????? ??????? ???? ??????????????: ???????????? ??? ?????????? [11] ?????????????????-???????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????, ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????, ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????????? ????? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????, ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? [12,13]?

?-??????????? ?????????: ??????? ??? ???????? [14] ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????, ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????, ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? [15]? ???????, ????????? ???? ???? ?? ??????????? ????????-??????????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ??????: 1. ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ????; 2, ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ????; 3. ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? [16]? ????, ??????????? ????????-??????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ???????