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1. ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ???????? ????????????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??, ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ? ??.
???? ????????? ??????? ?????? -ch = ch-ch =CH- ??, ??? ? ??? ??????-?????? ??? ????? ?????? (-C=C-) ??? ? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??, ?? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??.
???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??: CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH-COOK
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2. ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????????? ???-???? ???????? ???? ??? ??, ????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ????, ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??, ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ??, ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??.
???????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??, ?????? ???? ???? ????????????, ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????.
???????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????, ????? ???????????? ????? ??? ??, ??? ????? ??????????? ??? (-COOH) ?? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ????? ??? ??, ??? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ???.
3. ???????? ????????? ?????????, ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????-?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??, ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??, ???? ?? ????????? ????? ??.
?????? ????? ???????????? (WHO) ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????????? (FAO) ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? (JECFA) ? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??, ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??. ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????????????? (FDA) ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? (EFSA) ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??.
??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????, ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???. ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? (IARC) ???????? ????????? ???? 3 ????? ???????? ??? ??, ???? ???? ? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??.