??????????? [(C6H10O5) n] ? ???????, ????????? ??? ???????? ???? (???? ????????? ????) ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??, ???? ??????? ???????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ??, ???? ?????? ???????????? ?????? 12 ??? ??, ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??. 1981 ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????, ??? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??. 2010 ???, ???? GB 25541-2010 "????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????????" ???? ??????, ????? ????????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ???. ??, ????????????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???

??????? ???? ???? ?????, ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????. 1, ??? ?????: ???? ?? ?????????????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??, ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??, ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???, ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ???. 2, ???????? ?????????? ?????: ??????????? ?? ??????????? ??, ???????? ????????? ?????????? (?????????????????, ????????????) ?? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??, ??? ?????????????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??, ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??, ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??, ??????? ?????? ??? ??. 3, ??????????? ???????: ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??, ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????, ??????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ??. ??????? ???? ??????, ????????? ? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??? ??. ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????, ????????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??. ?????? ?????, ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ????-????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ? ????, ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??; ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ??, ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??; ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??. ????????????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ??. ??????, GB 5009.245-2016 "??? ?????? ????? ????????????? ?????????????????? ????????" ? ???????? ?????????????????? ??????? ???? ??, ???????? ? ?? ?? ??????????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??, ???????????????? ???????????????? ???, ???????, ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??, ??? ??? ??? ??????????????-???? ????????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??. ? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????, ????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??. ??????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????, ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????, ?????, ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????, ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??.