???? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??, ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??:

?, ????? ?????????????? ?????
??????? ??? ???????

??????????: ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? (????/????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ??), ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??.
??????????: ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? (???????????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ?????????), ?????? ???????? ????.
??????? ??? ?????

??????????:
? ?????: ??????? ????????? ??????? (FDA, EFSA, ?????) ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ?????.
?? ????? ???: 2023?? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????????????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? (?????????? ?????? ???).
?????????:
?? ?????: 2023 ???, WHO ?? ????????? IARC ?????? ???? ????? 2B ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? (?????? ??? ?????????? ??????), ????? ?? ??? ?? ADI ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??.
?? ?????: ?????????????????? (PKU) ?? ??????? (????????????? ????) ????? ? ???? ????.
2, ?????? ??? ???????? ????
?????????? ?????????? ?????????
????? 0.24 kcal/g (??????) 4 kcal/g (????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??, ????????? 0 ??????? ????)
?????????? ???????? (GI) 0 (??????? ????????? ????? ????) 0 (??????? ????????? ????? ????)
????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????/???? (???? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?????????) ??? ???? ??? ??? ??.
?????? ?????: ???? ????????? ???? → ???????? ??????? (90% ?????? ???), ??????? ????????????/?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? (???? ??????????? ???? ??? ??)
?, ?????????? ??????? ???????
????? ??? ?????

??????????:
????????? ????? ≈ 60-70%, ?????????? ????? (??????????? ???), ??? ????????? ???? ??????????.
?????: ????? ???? ?????, ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? (????????? ?????? 1:1).
?????????:
????? ??????? ???? ≈ 200 ???, ????-??????????? ?????.
????????: ???? ????/?????? ?????, ???? ??????? ?????? (>150 ℃) (?????? ???? ????? ???).
????????? ??????

??????????: ???? ?????, ??????, ?????, ??????? ??.
?????????: ???? ?????, ???? ????? ????, ????, ??? ????????? ?????? (??? ??????? ????).
?, ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????
??? ?????????? ?????????
??????????? ?????? ? ????? (???? ???) ? ????? (???? ???)
???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? (???????? ????) ? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???
????????????????? (PKU) ? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??????????
?????/?????? ??????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? (????? ??????????)
5, ?????? ???????? ??????
?????????? ???? ??? ????? ?????:
?????? ?????? ???? ????: ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????.
???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??: ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? 1:1 ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??.
???????? ???????? ??? ??????: ??? ?????????????????? ????? ????, ??? PKU ???? ????.
????????? ???? ??? ????? ?????:
???????? ????? ????????: ?????? ??? ? ??? ?? (? ????? ≈ ??? ????? ????), ????? ????? ????? ????? ??.
??? ????? ???????: ???????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ?? (??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??).
???? ???????: ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??, ????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??.
?????? ???? ????:
?????? ??????? ?????: ???? ??????? ?????? ??, ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? (???????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??).
???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????: ????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? (?????????? ?? ????? ????? ????).
???????? ????????: ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? (?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??).
PKU ??????/??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ??: ???? ?????????? ? ???? ??? ???? ??.