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???????? ? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???-????, ?????-????? ??????? ??????? ??. ?????????? ???? ???? (???? ????) ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???-?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ??. ????????, ???? ???? 98% ???? ????? ??????? ??????. ? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? 600 ???? ????? ??. ????? ??????? ?? ????, ????????, ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??. ??????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??: ???? ?????, ?????, ??????? ??, ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????. ???????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??. ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????, ???????? ???? ?????? "???? ????" ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??, ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??. ?????????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??, ?? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??. ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ??, ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??. ????, ??? ???? (?????) ????????? ???, ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ???/???? ??????? ??????? ???. ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? 1991 ??? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???, ???????? 1993 ??? ??????????? ??? 1996 ??? ?????????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???. 1998 ???, ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????????????? (FDA) ? 15 ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???, ??? 1999 ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???. 2004 ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???. FDA ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??. ????? ???, ???? ??? ????????? ???? ????, ????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????. FDA ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????????????, ?????????????? (?????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????) ??? ??????????????????? ????????? ??? ??. FDA ?????? ??????, ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ???? (ADI) ???? 5 ?????????/???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? (mg/kg/????) ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??. ?????-????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????

???? ?????? ??????, ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???. ????, ???? ???? (1 ???? ???? ???? 4.2 ????? ???? ??????? 16 ????? ??? ??) ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??. ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????, ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ??, ?? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ??.

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???? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? (6). ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????, FDA ? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ???? 2 ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ???. ??????, ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? 2 ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? (HbA1c ????????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??) ?? ??? ????? ???. ????, ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??. ?? ??, ????? ???? ???????? ???, ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ????. ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??, ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??. ??? ?????, ?????????? ??????? ?????, ???????????????? ??? ?????????????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??.

???????? ?????????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ????, ????????????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??, ??? ????? ????????? ???????????. ???????? ?? GLP-1 ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??. GLP-1 ??????? ????????????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???????-???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ??. ??? ????, ?????????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??. ??????????? ??????? ????????????? (???? ?????? ??????? ?????) ??? ?????????? ?????????????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ??. ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? 2 ?????????, ??????? ??? ?????????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??. ??????, ?????????????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ??. ???????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? "??????????? ?????" ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??. ????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??. ????, ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????????-???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??. ???? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?? ???-???? ????????? (NNS) ?? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??; ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??. ????, ???? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??, ???? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ????? ??????????? ????? ????. ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????? (14-?????? ????? ???????) ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ?? NNS ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???. ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???. ?????? ??????, ???? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?? NNS ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??, ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ??. ????, ? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? NNS ????????????? (???????? ????) ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???, ??? ???? ???????? ???????????? ?? NNS ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ??. ???? ???????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? NNS ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??.

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