?????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ????? ????? ????, ?????????, ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??. ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ??. ?????? ????? ?????-????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??, ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??. ???? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??, ????? ????????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ??.

1. ????????? ??? ??????????? ????????

?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??. ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??, ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???, ????? ??? ???????? ????????????? ???? ??? ??? ??, ????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??.

2. ???? ??????? ?????????

?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ??. ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????, ?? ???? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??. ?? ??, ???? ????? ????????????????? ?????, ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ???, ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????????, ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ????. ????, ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????. ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???, ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????.

3. ????? ????? ?????

?????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? (1% ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? 100 ??? ?????? ??? ??) ?? ??????????? ??, ?? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??.

4. ??????????????????

?????? ?? ??????????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ????????? ??? ??, ??? ???? ???? ????????? ???????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??, ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??. ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??, ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ? ??????????? ??? ??. ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ??. ?????? ???? ?????????????????? ??? ? ?????? ??, ??? ? ?????????????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??.

5. ???? ???? ???????

?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???. ??????? ????, ????????????? ??? ????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??, ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? 10-80 ℃ ????? ???? ????? ??? ??. ??? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??. 1% ?????? ???? ?????? (????? 1% ???????? ???????? ??? ??) ?? 25 ℃ ?? 120 ℃ ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? 3% ??? ??? ??.

6. ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????

?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ? ????? ??, ??? pH 5-10 ????? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???. ?????? pH 4 ???? ???? ??? 11 ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??. 3-11 ?? pH ????????, ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? 10% ???? ??? ??? ??? ??. ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ??? ??, ??? ?? 5% ?????????? ????, 5% ???????? ????, 5% ?????? ????, 10% ?????????????? ???? ??? 25% ????????? ????. ? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??. ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ??. ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??, ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ??.

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