Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) wani nau'i ne na fiber ether na polymeric wanda aka samu ta hanyar gyaran sinadarai na cellulose na halitta. Tsarinsa ya ?unshi naúrar D-glucose da aka ha?a ta β (1→4) ha?in ha?in glucoside. Ana narkar da shi a cikin ruwan sanyi don samar da bayani mai danko. Danko na maganin yana da ala?a da albarkatun albarkatun bitamin DP (high, matsakaici, low), da kuma yanayin da ake ciki da kuma rushewa, alal misali: narkewa da yin amfani da karfi mai karfi ga maganin, idan CMC ya kasance ?ananan DS, ko rarraba maye gurbin ba daidai ba ne, to, an samar da ha?in gel; Sabanin haka, idan an rarraba babban DS da maye gurbin daidai gwargwado, an samar da ingantaccen bayani da daidaito.

Sauran abubuwan da zasu iya canza solubility da danko na hanyoyin CMC sune zafin jiki, PH, gishiri, sukari ko wasu polymers.

Tasirin yanayin zafi:
Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na CMC ya karu, dankon maganin yana raguwa (kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 1). Koyaya, a cikin yanayin ?an gajeren lokacin dumama, lokacin da zafin jiki ya fa?i zuwa ainihin zafin jiki, maganin zai iya dawo da danko na asali. Idan dumama zafin jiki da kuma lokaci suna da tsawo (kamar 125 ℃, 1 hour), da danko da bayani ragewa saboda ?as?antar da cellulose. Wannan yanayin, kamar lalata abinci yana faruwa
Tasirin PH:
Don CMC, maganin, PH acidic, yana da matukar damuwa, saboda CMC-NA za a canza zuwa CMC-H, wanda ba zai iya narkewa ba. Domin sarrafa mai kyau solubility na CMC a acidic kafofin watsa labarai, shi yawanci amfani da su narke tare da high DS (0.8-0.9) da kuma kafin ?ara acid.

Tasirin gishiri: CMC nau'in anionic ne, yana iya amsawa tare da gishiri don samar da gishiri mai narkewa CMC, gishiri bivalent ko trivalent, sannan inganta ha?akar ha?akar hanyar sadarwa mai yawa ko ?asa, ko haifar da raguwar dankowar CMC, ko haifar da gelation ko hazo, idan CMC ta fara narkar da ruwa, sannan kuma ?ara gishiri, tasirin yana ?arami.

Tasirin wasu abubuwa:
Ana kuma haifar da canje-canje ta hanyar ?ara wasu kaushi, ko wasu kamar sukari, sitaci da gumi.

Sauran kaddarorin:
Maganin ruwa na CMC shine thixotropic. Maganin ruwa na CMC yana nuna halayen pseudoplastic a babban ?imar ?arfi. Saboda haka, dangane da juzu'i kudi, high-danko CMC bayani na iya zama ko da ?ananan danko fiye da matsakaici-danko CMC bayani.
Aikace-aikacen CMC a cikin abinci

An fi amfani da CMC-Na a cikin abinci azaman mai kauri, mai daidaitawa, da sauransu, kuma yana iya taimakawa wajen samun tsarin ?ungiyar da ake so, da kuma abubuwan da ake so. Saboda wa?annan ayyuka da yawa, CMC ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin masana'antar abinci, wanda yanzu an gabatar dashi a cikin masu zuwa:

Na farko, daskararre kayan zaki - ice cream - sugar water sorbet

A cikin samfuran da aka daskararre, yakamata a ?ara stabilizer don kiyaye ?ungiyar samfurin ta tsaya cik. Daga cikin masu ha?aka da yawa, CMC shine mafi yawan amfani da stabilizer don ice cream da sauran samfuran daskararre. Dalili kuwa shi ne, da farko, idan CMC ya watse sosai, zai iya narke cikin ruwa da sauri, ya samar da danko da ake bu?ata, kuma yana iya sarrafa rijiyar fa?a?a. Abu na biyu, CMC, kamar sauran masu daidaitawa, na iya sarrafa samuwar lu'ulu'u na kankara, kula da ?ayyadaddun tsari da daidaiton tsari, da kiyaye kwanciyar hankali lokacin da aka adana samfurin, koda kuwa ana daskarewa/narke akai-akai. Ana amfani da CMC a cikin ?ananan adadi kuma yana ba da kyawawan kaddarorin azanci (nauyi da dandano).

A cikin nau'in kirim mai ?arancin ?ima da nau'in madara, an bayar da rahoton cewa CMC an ha?e shi da 10-15% carrageenan don hana rabuwa da cakuda kafin daskarewa. Tare da rage yawan kitsen mai, adadin CMC yana ?aruwa yadda ya kamata, kuma ana iya samun tsari mai laushi da m.

Hakanan ana iya amfani da CMC azaman mai daidaitawa don shayar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai da?i. A cikin ruwan sukari sorbet, CMC na iya sakin ?anshi kuma rage tasirin masking launi da dandano.

A cikin kayan kiwo daskararre irin su busassun bushe, ana iya ?ara kusan 0.2% CMC stabilizer, kuma a cikin syrup, adadin CMC na iya zama kamar 0.75 ~ 1%. Gaba?aya, adadin CMC da aka ?ara ya bambanta da kayan aikin daskararre. A wasu ?asashe, ana amfani da kayan shuka maimakon kitsen madara, ana amfani da abinci mai da?i na wucin gadi kamar sorbitol maimakon sukari a cikin ice cream, kuma ana iya amfani da CMC.

Na biyu, dafa abinci

Kayan da ake toyawa sun ha?a da iri-iri: kamar burodi na musamman, biredi iri-iri, pies, fritters da sauransu.

A cikin samar da burodi, burodi da sauran samfurori, su ne kullu a matsayin kayan tushe, saboda CMC nan take, za a iya ha?uwa da sauri tare da nau'i daban-daban, da sauri samun kullu mai laushi. A wasu lokuta, yin amfani da CMC don daidaita abubuwan sinadaran, yawancin ruwan da za a kara, a kowace gram na CMC, ruwa tsakanin 20 zuwa 40, adadin CMC ya bambanta da samfurin, yawanci 0.1 zuwa 0.4% na m.

?ara CMC zuwa kayan gasa na iya inganta daidaituwar kullu da rarraba kayan abinci, irin su zabibi ko 'ya'yan itace crystal. Ana iya rarraba wa?annan sinadaran daidai gwargwado a cikin samfurin lokacin yin burodi.

A yawancin lokuta, ana iya kiyaye ruwan da aka kara yayin yin burodi don samun samfurori masu laushi, har ma da 'yan kwanaki, don haka CMC na iya rage tsufa na samfurori. Saboda cikin ciki ya ?unshi ?arin ?wayoyin taushi, yawanci yana nuna ha?akar ?arar samfurin.

CMC na iya inganta tsarin nama na cika, kari da icing, yayin da guje wa raguwar bushewar cikawa da sarrafa icing na lu'ulu'u na sukari. A cikin samfurori masu laushi, CMC don kwanciyar hankali na tsari, ana iya amfani da shi kadai, kuma za'a iya amfani dashi tare da wasu additives.
3. Abubuwan sha masu laushi

Ana amfani da CMC sosai a cikin abubuwan sha mai laushi don fitar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, ha?aka ?an?ano da laushi, kawar da samuwar zoben mai a kwalabe, da kuma ba da kariya ga ?an?ano mai ?aci na ?an?ano.

Sakamakon CMC a cikin abubuwan sha yana da ala?a da jerin sigogi, kamar samfurin CMC, danko, amfani da CMC, nau'in abin sha mai laushi da kayan abinci.

Gaba?aya, ?arin tsari da homogenization na sinadaran suna da ?an tasiri akan kwanciyar hankali. A wani yanayin, ana ?ara CMC, zai fi dacewa a ?arshen samarwa. Wannan yana inganta kwanciyar hankali.

Kodayake danko ba sau da yawa ke haifar da dakatarwar ruwan 'ya'yan itace ba, ana nunawa sau da yawa a cikin ruwan 'ya'yan itace na 25 ° Brix kuma yana da sau?i don daidaitawa fiye da abin sha mai narkewa tare da 7-10% mai narkewa.

4. Kayayyakin Kiwo

Akwai nau'ikan samfura guda biyu: samfuran tsaka tsaki, kamar kirim mai zaki; Abubuwan acidic, kamar abubuwan sha na yogurt.

Abubuwan da ke tsaka tsaki: Ana iya ?ara CMC don yin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban na kayan zaki, CMC na iya kawar da dehydration na sitaci, carrageenan ko CMC carrageenan, don haka ana iya sanya shi don adana kirim mai tsami mai tsayi.

Yogurt: Ana amfani da CMC don yin yoghurt, wanda ya zama ruwan dare, saboda yanayin anionic, wanda ke ba da damar casein don amsawa a cikin kewayon PH isoelectric (PH4.6) don samar da maganin zafi mai narkewa da kuma ?akunan barga na ajiya. Sabili da haka, ana iya samar da samfurori iri-iri da daidaitawa: kamar madara mai tsami, abin sha, madara mai tsami, kayan kiwo, abubuwan sha na madara, da dai sauransu.

Ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman don samun kwanciyar hankali mai kyau. Na farko, dole ne a ?ayyade adadin CMC da aka ?ara. Wannan yana da ala?a da nau'in CMC (a daidai wannan rabo, kwanciyar hankali na nau'in danko mai girma ya fi kyau); Mai ala?a da rabon abun ciki na casein; Mai ala?a da ?imar PH na abin sha; Dangane da yanayin fermentation ko acidification, yana iya samar da ?arin ko ?asa da tattarawar casein. Daidaitaccen samfurin yana da ala?a da rabon CMC, mai, m al'amari, da kuma alaka da inji magani, kamar homogenization a karkashin matsa lamba, wanda zai iya rage daidaito amma ba ya shafar zaman lafiya.

Kirim mai tsami, madara mai tsami, kirim mai tsami, da dai sauransu, na iya ?ara ?arfafawar CMC.

CMC da sauran sunadaran suna iya samar da hadaddun abubuwa masu narkewa, kamar furotin soya, gelatin.

Tufafin Salati da jams iri-iri

Ana amfani da CMC don yin suturar salati, kuma yana da sau?i a samar da emulsion, musamman idan an adana shi na dogon lokaci a cikin yanayin zafi mara kyau, wanda zai iya inganta kwanciyar hankali.

Dangane da daidaiton da ake so da abun ciki na mai, yi amfani da matsakaici-danko ko babban danko CMC, adadin yana tsakanin 0.5-1%. Ana samar da suturar salati ne ta hanyar ?ara mai a cikin ruwan CMC da motsa shi. Za a iya yin wannan hanyar aiki kai tsaye, a ha?a kayan da aka gyara da kyau, a watsa a cikin ruwa tare da cokali mai yatsa ko whisk, motsawa na ?an mintoci ka?an, sannu a hankali ?ara man fetur don samar da emulsion. Lokacin da CMC ba ya narkewa a cikin tsari, an tarwatsa shi a cikin mai, a karkashin aikin karfi mai karfi, lokacin da ruwa ya ?unshi sauran sinadaran (kamar kwai, vinegar, gishiri ...). Lokacin da aka kuma kafa emulsification.

Ana iya amfani da CMC don jams iri-iri azaman abinci mai daskarewa mai zurfi. Saboda halaye na CMC, ana iya kafa sassa daban-daban
(mai laushi, dogo ko gajere), musamman, yana da ikon tsotse ruwa da hana bushewa da raguwa lokacin narke da sake dumama a cikin tanda.

A cikin miya na tumatir, ana ?ara CMC don ba da daidaito da rubutu da ake so. Matsakaicin shine 0.5-1%, wanda ke raguwa yayin da adadin tumatir M da ake amfani da shi yana ?aruwa.

6. Buga samfuran kirim mai tsami

CMC za a iya amfani dashi azaman stabilizer don samfurori sako-sako (pore), daga kwanciyar hankali na tasirin la'akari, tasirin kumfa na HPC yana da kyau sosai, lokacin da shi da kayan lambu mai tare da su don yin kumfa, sakamakon yana da kyau sosai.

Mafi mahimmancin tasirinsa na ?arfafawa shine hana ?aurin caking da barbashi mai, don hana ?ata lokaci na ruwa yayin ajiya, da kuma hana raguwa da raguwar bushewa.

8. Sauran aikace-aikace

CMC Sauran aikace-aikace:
?imar calorific na CMC yana da ?asa. Don haka, ana amfani da CMC don yin samfuran ?arancin kalori.

A cikin abinci mai sauri, CMC yana narkewa da sauri, yana ba da wani daidaito da rubutu, wanda zai iya dakatar da wani sashi, kamar kofi a cikin abubuwan sha na cakulan.

A cikin kayayyakin nama, ana amfani da CMC a matsayin wakili mai kauri don zuba miya da kuma hana rabuwar mai. Har ila yau yana da ha?in kai da tasirin ruwa don hana raguwar naman tsiran alade.