CiticolineNucleotide guda daya ne wanda ya hada da nucleic acid, cytosine, pyrophosphate da choline, wanda akasari ake amfani da shi wajen maganin cututtuka iri-iri na neurodegenerative, kamar cutar Alzheimer, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis da sauransu. Har ila yau, bincike ya nuna cewa citicoline na iya kara yawan karfin kwakwalwa na dopamine da glutamate, don haka inganta aikin tunani. Ciphocholine kuma zai iya rage sakin fatty acids kyauta kuma ya dawo da aikin mitochondrial ATPase da membrane cell Na +/K+ ATPase, don haka rage raunin kwakwalwa. Duk da haka, hanyoyin ilimin pathophysiological na cututtukan neurodegenerative suna da rikitarwa kuma sun ha?a da rashi cholinergic, glutamate excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, dysregulation na rigakafi, raguwar glucose metabolism, da rushewar shingen kwakwalwar jini.

Citicolinezai iya tabbatar da membrane tantanin halitta ta hanyar ?arfafa S-adenosine-L-methionine, ?ara ha?akar dendrite da ?ananan tsari na tsarin tsarin neuron, inganta filastik na jijiyoyi a wuraren da ba a lalacewa ba, da kuma inganta aikin dawowa.

Citicoline na iya rage matakin lecithin phosphate mai narkewa mai ruwa ta hanyar ha?aka choline phosphate cytidylytransferase (CCT) da hana ayyukan phospholipase A2 (PLA2) na sirri ko hana kunna PLA2 ta hanyar hana TNF-a / IL-1b don rage asarar phospholipids, ta hanyar ha?aka phospholipids. membranes.

Citicoline kuma na iya ?ara yawan maganganun abubuwan anti-apoptotic kamar Bcl-2 da hana sakin glutamate don rage cytotoxicity.

Ciphocholine yana inganta saurin gyara abubuwan da suka lalace da membranes na mitochondrial, yana kiyaye datsewar salula da aikin ilimin halitta, kuma yana rage sakin fatty acid kyauta, ta haka yana rage ?wayoyin oxygenated metabolites masu guba da samar da radical kyauta.

Citicoline na iya ?ara yawan vasopressin da plasma adrenotropin matakan, kuma yana ?arfafa sakin hormone girma, thyrotropin da luteinizing hormone.

Akwai hanyoyin shirye-shirye da yawa na citicoline sodium, galibi hanyoyi uku.

?aya daga cikin ?ananan ?wayoyin cuta fermentation. Wannan hanyar tana da wasu matsaloli kamar ?arancin tattarawar samfur da yawan amfanin ?asa mara karko.

?aya shine ha?in sinadarai na kwayoyin halitta. Akwai wasu matsaloli a cikin wannan hanyar, kamar samfurin yana da wahala a raba shi daga cakuda ?an?anta, bai dace da amfani da magani ba, ?arancin jujjuyawar amsawa, samfuran samfuran da yawa, tsada mai tsada da gur?ataccen muhalli.

Hakanan akwai hanyar ha?in enzymatic, kamar yin amfani da laka mai yisti na giya da sauran ?wayoyin cuta don biosynthesis. An yi amfani da kwayoyin yisti na laka na kyauta don ha?akar enzymatic. Tsarin ya kasance mai sau?i, ?imar juzu'i yana da yawa kuma farashin ya yi ?asa. Tsarin samar da citicoline sodium da aka ha?a ta hanyar ha?in enzymatic za'a iya raba shi zuwa sassa biyu: tsarin ha?in enzymatic da hakar da tsarkakewa.

An sha ta baki da sauri, ana shayar da shi a cikin hanji da hanta zuwa choline da cytosine, wanda ke shiga cikin jini, ketare shingen kwakwalwar jini, kuma ya sake ha?uwa cikin citicoline a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, inda kashi 80% na ha?in phospholipid ya shafi tasirin citicoline a cikin jiki.

Bugu da ?ari, an canza citicoline zuwa acetylcholine a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya kuma oxidized zuwa betain a cikin kodan da hanta. Ruwan ruwa na citicoline yana da kyau, ha?akar bioavailability ya kai kashi 90%, kuma ?asa da 1% kawai ana fitar da shi a cikin stool bayan gudanarwa ta baki. Akwai kololuwa 2 na sha a cikin plasma, awa 1 da awanni 24 bayan an sha.

A cikin nau'ikan bera, matakan citicoline da aka yi wa lakabin rediyo sun karu a hankali a cikin kwakwalwa sa'o'i 10 bayan an sha kuma an rarraba su cikin fararen fata da launin toka na kwakwalwa. Babban taro ya kasance a cikin sa'o'i 48, kuma kawar da shi yana da sannu a hankali, tare da ?an ?aramin adadin da ake fitarwa kowace rana ta fitsari, najasa, da numfashi. Exogenous ciki na citicoline iya inganta sauri gyara lalace cell membranes da mitochondria, kula da mutuncin tantanin halitta da aikin nazarin halittu, da kuma hana apoptosis da mutuwa.