Erythritolhe wai?ona kōpa?a kalapona ?ehā, he lālā o ka ?ohana polyol, he aniani ke?oke?o, ?a?ala ?ole me ke kaumaha molekala o 122.12 wale nō. Loa?a pinepine ia i loko o nā hua?ai like ?ole, e like me nā melon, nā peach, nā pears, nā hua waina, a me nā mea ?ē a?e. I ka manawa like, loa?a ia i loko o nā wai kino holoholona e like me nā maka maka kanaka, serum a me ka semen [1] [2]. ?O Erythritol kahi biosweetener piha me ka ?ono ?olu?olu, ?a?ole wale nā ????hana maika?i a pau o nā huahana wai?ona kō, akā he ha?aha?a ha?aha?a ha?aha?a a me nā waiwai ho?omanawanui. ?O kāna mau calorie he 0.2 kcal / g wale nō, a ?o kāna mau mea momona he 70% o ka mana ?ono o ka sucrose, e lilo ia i mea pono a palekana no nā mea?ai ha?aha?a-calorie no ka po?e me ka ma?i diabetes a me ka momona [3]. Ua hō?ike ?ia nā ha?awina toxicological ua ?ae maika?i ?ia ka erythritol a ?a?ole i ho?opuka i nā hopena ?ao?ao a i ?ole nā ????hopena ?ona [2]. Eia kekahi, ?o 90% o ka erythritol i ?ai ?ia me ka mea?ai ?a?ole i loa?a i nā hopena biochemical a ho?oku?u ?ia i loko o ka mimi i kahi ?ano loli ?ole, no laila ?a?ole pili i ke kō koko a i ?ole ka pae o ka insulin [4]. Hiki i ka Erythritol ke pā?ani i kahi kuleana antioxidant ma muli o kāna ?ano molecular kiko?ī [5]. ?O kēia mau mea ho?ohana pono o ka erythritol ua ho?oulu i ka makemake nui i kēia pūhui i ka ?oihana mea?ai a me nā ?oihana ho?onaninani a me nā ?oihana lā?au.

I kēia manawa, hana nui ?ia ka erythritol e ka microbial fermentation. Ke ho?ohālikelike ?ia me ka synthesis chemical, ?o ke ka?ina hana o ka erythritol e ka microbial fermentation he ma?alahi, ma?alahi ke kāohi, a hiki ke hō?emi nui i ka pollution kaiapuni [4]. No laila, mana?o nui ka mana?olana noi o ka huahana

?Ano ?ono: He ha?aha?a iki ka ?ono o ka erythritol ma mua o ka sucrose, ma kahi o 2/3 o ka ?ono o ka sucrose. ?O Erythritol kahi huahana ?ōma?oma?o maoli me kahi mana?o ?ono ma?ema?e. Ke ho?ohālikelike?ia me nā mea pani'ē a?e - sugar alcohols, erythritol i?oi aku ka nui o nā?oihana physiological [7,8]. Eia kekahi, ke hui pū ?ia ka erythritol me nā mea ?ono ki?eki?e e like me stevia a me momoside, hiki iā ia ke uhi i ka ?ono maika?i ?ole i ho?okumu ?ia e nā mea ?ono ki?eki?e, e ho?emi i ka post-astringency a me ka huhū o ka hopena, a ho?onui i ka ?ono ?ono o ka hopena, e hana ana i ka ?ono kokoke i ka sucrose.

?O ka waiwai caloric he zero: he li?ili?i loa nā molekala erythrothreitol, a ma kahi o 90% hiki ke komo i ke kahe koko ma hope o ka ?ai ?ana o ke kanaka, a ma kahi o 10% wale nō ke komo pololei i ka ?ōpū nui ma ke ?ano he kumu kalapona no ka fermentation. No ka mea, ?a?ohe ?ōnaehana enzyme e hiki ke ho?opololei pololei i ka erythritol, e ho?opili ?ia ka erythritol mai ka ?ōpū proximal e ka passive diffusion, ma ke ?ano like me ka nui o nā molekala ha?aha?a ha?aha?a ha?aha?a me ka ?ole o ka ?ōnaehana transport ikaika, nona ka helu absorption pili i ko lākou nui mole. Ma muli o kona kaumaha li?ili?i, hele ka erythritol i loko o ka membrane o ka ?ōpū me ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka mannose a me ka glucose, akā ?a?ole ia e ?eli ?ia a ho?oha?aha?a ?ia ma hope o ke komo ?ana i loko o ke kino, a hiki ke ho?oku?u wale ?ia mai ka mimi ma o ke kīpē [9]. ?O ka hi?ohi?ona physiological a me ka metabolic kūikawā o ka erythritol e ho?oholo i kona waiwai calorific ha?aha?a. ?O ka waiwai o ka ikehu o ka erythritol ingestion he 1/10-1/20 wale nō ia o ka lawe ?ana, a ?o kona waiwai ikehu he 0.2-0.4 kJ/g, ?o ia ka 5% a hiki i ka 10% o ka ikehu o ka sucrose, a ?o ia ka ikehu ha?aha?a o nā ?ona ?ona a pau.

?O ka ho?omanawanui ki?eki?e a me nā hopena ?ao?ao li?ili?i: Ma muli o ke ala metabolic kū?oko?a o ka erythritol, ?o ka hapa nui o ka wai?ona kō ma hope o ka ho?ohana ?ia ?ana e ho?oku?u ?ia ma o ka pu?upa?a, a emi iho ma mua o 10% o ia mea e komo i loko o ka ?ōpū. No ka loa?a ?ole o ke kino o ke kanaka i ka enzyme e ho?oha?aha?a i ka erythritol, li?ili?i loa ka nui o ia mea i ke kino o ke kanaka. ?O ka 'Oihana Ola i ka "2007 No. 12" ho?olaha o ka intake o ka erythritol ua "ho?ohui ?ia e like me ke koi", hiki ke ki?eki?e ka inu ?ana i kēlā me kēia lā e like me 50 grams, a ?a?ohe ma?i ma?i a me ke kinoea a me nā hopena ?ē a?e, ma o ka papa ma lalo nei hiki ke ho?ohālikelike i ke kino o ke kanaka i ka ho?omanawanui ?ana i kekahi mau wai?ona kō.

Hiki ke ho?ololi i nā ma?i diabetic: Yokozawa et al. [11] ua a?o i ka hopena o ka erythritol ma streptozotocin i ho?oulu ?ia i ka ma?i diabetes, a ua hō?ike nā hopena i hiki i ka erythritol ke ho?emi nui i ka pae glucose i loko o ka serum, ate a me nā pu?upa?a o nā ?iole diabetic. Ma muli o ka nele o ke kino o ke kanaka i ka ?ōnaehana enzyme e ho?ohehe?e i ka erythritol, ua komo pono ka erythritol i ke kino me ka ?ole o ka metabolized a ho?oku?u ?ia ma o ke ka?ina hana kīkī, e hō?ike ana he palena palena ?ole ka erythritol e ho?ololi i ke koko koko a me nā pae insulin. No laila, palekana ka erythritol no nā ma?i ma?i diabetic ke ho?ohana ?ia i nā mea?ai kūikawā [12,13].

?O nā waiwai kīnā ?ole: Honkala et al. [14] ua a?o i ka hopena o ka erythritol et al i ka ho?omohala ?ana i ka enamel niho a me nā ?ili niho, a ua hō?ike nā hopena i ka hui erythritol i ka helu ha?aha?a loa o nā caries niho a me nā ?ili, a ?o ia ka mea li?ili?i loa i ka poino caries. No ka mea hiki i ka erythritol ke hō?emi i ka waika plaque niho, e ho?emi i ka nui o Streptococcus mutans i loko o ka pala a me ka plaque niho, a laila e hō?emi i ka pilikia o ka caries niho [15]. Eia kekahi, ua hō?ike nā ho?okolohua i ka hana anti-caries o ka erythritol he ?ekolu mau hana: 1. Ho?emi i ka ho?oulu ?ana a me ka hana ?ana o ka waikawa o nā ?ano bacteria nui e pili ana i ka ulu ?ana o nā caries niho; 2, e ho'ēmi i ka pili o ka streptococcus waha bacteria i ka ili niho; 3. E ho'ēmi i ke kaumaha o ka plaque niho i nā mea ola [16]. No laila, loa?a i ka erythritol nā waiwai anti-caries a he pono ia i ke olakino waha.