I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka pi?i ?ana o ka nui o ka momona o ka honua a me ke ?ano o ka ma?i ma?i e pili ana i ka po?e ?ōpio e ho?oikaika nui ana, ua lilo ka "ho?omalu kō koko" i mea ko?iko?i i ke olakino lehulehu. I kēia kaua kū?ē i ka ?ono, ke ho?oikaika nui nei ka ho?okūkū ma waena o ka sucrose ku?una a me ka sucralose panina kō i ho?ololi ?ia - ?o ka mea mua ke hō?ike nei i ka ?ono mua i hā?awi ?ia e ke ?ano, ?oiai ?o ka mea hope e hō?ailona i ka makemake ?enehana o ke kanaka e ho?ololi i nā mole. ?O kā lākou ho?okūkū ?a?ole ia he pā?ani o ka ?ono wale nō, akā hō?ike pū kekahi i ka hakakā mana pa?akikī ma waena o ka palekana mea?ai, ka ?epekema metabolic a me nā makemake pā?oihana.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Mokuna 1 The Sweet Revolution: ?O ka lele ?ana o ka ?enehana mai nā māla kō i nā hale hana ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 1.1 Sucrose: ?O ke code momona o Nature ?

Hiki ke huli ?ia ka mō?aukala o ka sucrose i India ma kahi o 500 BC, i ka wā i unuhi mua ai ke kanaka i ke kō crystalline mai ka wai kō. ?O kona ?ano kemika ?o ? ?O ke ?ano disaccharide o ka glucose a me ka fructose (C??H??O??) ?, he huahana o ka photosynthesis i nā mea kanu, e hā?awi ana i kahi kumu ikehu wikiwiki no ke kanaka.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ho?opololei hana ? : Kāko?o kō/sugar beet kaomi → ho?oma?ema?e → crystallization, hilina?i i ke kanu mahi?ai a me ka hana kino;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Waiwai kumu ? : 4 kalo no ka gram, ka ?ono ?ono o 1, ho?ohālikelike maoli ?ia me nā mea ?ono;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ko?iko?i mo?omeheu ? : Mai ke "gula ke?oke?o" o Roma kahiko a hiki i ka hana ?uhane i ka kuke ?ana i kēia wā, lawe ke kō i ka makemake o ke kanaka i ka ?ono.

Youdaoplaceholder0 1.2 Sucralose: He mea kupanaha i ho?ololi ?ia molecular ?

I ka makahiki 1976, ua ?ike ?ole nā ??kānaka ?epekema ma Tate & Lyle ma UK, i ka wā e ho?omohala ana i kahi lā?au insecticide, ?o ka ho?ololi ?ana i nā pū?ulu hydroxyl ?ekolu i loko o kahi mole sucrose me kahi chlorine atom (C??H??Cl?O?) ? e ho?ohua ai i ka ?ono ?ono loa ?a?ole i ho?ololi ?ia ke kino kanaka. ?O kēia ?ike i ho?āla ai i ka Sucralose, e ho?omaka ana i kahi au hou no ka ?oihana pani kō.

Youdaoplaceholder0 ?O ka loina hana ? : Sucrose chlorination → ho?ololi kemika → ho?oma?ema?e, hilina?i i ka synthesis kemika pololei;

Youdaoplaceholder0 ?O ka holomua o ka hana ? : 600 mau manawa ?oi aku ka momona ma mua o ka sucrose, ?a?ohe calories, pale wela (kūpono no ka kuke ?ana a me ka ho?oma?ema?e ?ana i nā mea inu);

Youdaoplaceholder0 Pā?oihana boom ? : Ma hope o ka ?ae ?ia ?ana e ka FDA i ka makahiki 1998, ua lawe koke ?o sucralose i ka mākeke mea inu ?ole ke kō, me ka nui o ka mākeke honua ma luna o $1.8 biliona i 2022.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Mokuna 2 Ho?opa?apa?a Ola: Mechanism Metabolic a me nā palena palekana ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.1 Ka hopena pahi kaua ?elua o ka sucrose

Youdaoplaceholder0 Alanui Metabolic ? : Sucrose → Wehe ?ia i loko o ka ?ōpū i loko o ka glucose + fructose → komo i ke kahe koko no ka ho?olako ?ana i ka ikehu a i ?ole mālama ?ia ma ke ?ano he momona.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Nā hō?ike kāko?o ? : Mana?o ka WHO i ka ?ai ?ana i kēlā me kēia lā i nā sugars manuahi e emi iho ma mua o 10% o ka nui o nā calorie (ma kahi o 50 grams o ka sucrose);

?O Youdaoplaceholder0 Ho?olaha Kūlohelohe ? : Ho?opili ?ia ka ?ai nui me ka momona, nā niho niho, ka pale ?ana i ka insulin, a me 35 miliona mau make mai nā ma?i pili i ke kō i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.2 Ka Puzzle Palekana o ka sucralose ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 Nā hi?ohi?ona metabolic ? : Nui loa ka mole e wāwahi ?ia e nā enzymes intestinal → ho?oku?u pololei ?ia a ?a?ole komo i ka metabolism ikehu.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Mana?o ?ae ? : Ua ho?oholo ?o FDA, EFSA a me JECFA i kona palekana, me ka ?ae ?ia i kēlā me kēia lā (ADI) o 5mg/kg paona kino;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ka mana?o o ka ho?opa?apa?a ? :

Youdaoplaceholder0 Gut microbiota disturbance ? : Ua hō?ike ?ia kahi noi?i 2018 ma Nature e hiki i ka sucralose ke kāohi i ka ulu ?ana o nā probiotics a i ?ole e ho?onui i nā ma?i metabolic;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Hiki ke ho?oku?u ?ia ka Chloropropanol (he mea make make) ma luna o 120 ° C, akā ha?aha?a loa ka hana maoli i ka kuke ?ana;

Youdaoplaceholder0 ?O ka no?ono?o hilina?i ?ono ? : ?O ka ?ai ?ana a i ?ole ka ho?oikaika ?ana i ka makemake i nā mea?ai momona ki?eki?e i ka manawa lō?ihi e ho?onui i ka calorie.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Mana?o loea :

?A?ole nā ????mea ?ono kūlohelohe no nā pilikia olakino, akā ?a?ole lākou he panacea. ?O ke kī ?o ka ho?omaopopo ?ana i kāna mau hi?ohi?ona kūpono.

-- Kauka Sara Smith, Kumu o ka Nutrition ma Johns Hopkins University

Youdaoplaceholder0 Mokuna 3 Hō?ike Hō?ike noi: Ke kahua kaua momona o ka ?oihana mea?ai ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.1 Ka hiki ?ole ke ho?ololi ?ia o ka sucrose

Youdaoplaceholder0 Baking field ? : ?O ka hopena caramelization (Maillard reaction) hā?awi i ka palaoa i kahi ?ōpala gula a me kahi ?ala ?oko?a. ?A?ole loa?a i ka Sucralose kēia mau hi?ohi?ona a pono e ho?ohui ?ia nā kala a me nā mea ?ono;

Youdaoplaceholder0 ?Oihana inu ? : Ke hilina?i nei nā cola ku?una i ka ?ono kaumaha o ka sucrose. Hō?ike ?ia nā ho?okolohua makapō a nā mea kū?ai aku e ho?opi?i pinepine ?ia nā mana i ho?ololi ?ia i ke kō no ka loa?a ?ana o kahi "?ono palupalu";

?O Youdaoplaceholder0 Ke ?ano hou ? : ?O nā mea?ai lima lima ki?eki?e e koi nei i ka ho?ohana ?ana i ka sucrose maoli a ho?oikaika i ka mana?o o "Clean Label".

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.2 ?O ke aupuni kālepa o sucralose ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 Nā mea inu ?a?ohe kō ? : Ua loa?a i nā brands e like me Coke Zero a me Yanki Forest i ka "zero-calorie myth" me ka sucralose, a ua pi?i ka mākeke mea inu kō ?ole i Kina ma 25% i 2023;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Nā mea?ai pono ? : Ma ke ?ano he mea ?ono nui i nā mea?ai kūikawā no ka ma?i diabetes a me nā mea?ai ho?ololi calorie e ho?oponopono ai i ka kuee ma waena o ka ?ono a me nā calorie;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ke komo ?ike ?ole ?ia ? : Ma nā māla mea?ai ?ole e like me ka toothpaste a me ka lā?au lapa?au, e ho?ohana ana i kāna anti-caries a me ka pa?a.

Youdaoplaceholder0 hihia: ?O ka ho?olālā maika?i a Pepsi-Cola ?

I ka makahiki 2021, ua ho?olaha ?o PepsiCo e ho?opau i ka aspartame i ka mākeke ?Amelika ?Amelika a ho?ololi piha i nā ?ano sucralose. Ua alaka?i kēia ho?oholo i ka pi?i ?ana he 14% o nā kū?ai makahiki o kāna laina huahana ko?iko?i ?ole, e hō?oia ana i ka makemake o nā mea kū?ai aku no "nā pani kōpa?a palekana".

Youdaoplaceholder0 Mokuna 4 Ka Mana?o o ka wā e hiki mai ana: ?O ka ulu ?ana a me ka noho pū ?ana o nā mea ?ono ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.1 ?Ike ?enehana: ?O ka pi?i ?ana o nā mea ?ono o nā hanauna ?ekolu ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 Nā pani kō maoli ? : Ke hopu nei ?o Stevia a me mogroside i ka mākeke ki?eki?e me ka lepili "mea kanu";

Youdaoplaceholder0 Blending scheme ? : ?O kahi huahana hui o ka sucralose a me ka erythritol, ke kaulike ?ana i ka ?ono a me nā pono olakino;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Precision Sweet Taste ? : AI-kōkua i ka ho?olālā ?ana o nā molekala ?ono hou e ho?ohālike ana i nā ala metabolic a me nā pihi ?ono o ka sucrose.

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.2 Ho?onui i ka ?ike mea kū?ai ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ke Kula Mana?o ?epekema ?epekema ? : E koho i nā mea ?ono e like me ke ?ano - sucrose no ka ho?opiha ?ana i ke kō ma hope o ka ho?oikaika kino, nā mea ?ono hana no nā mea inu o kēlā me kēia lā;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Natural fundamentalism ? : E pale i nā mea ho?ohui a pau e ho?onui i ka ?ai ?ana i ka sucrose organik;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Gen Z contradiction ? : 87% o ka po?e ?ōpio e kū?ai aku i nā mea inu ?ole ke kō a ho?opau i nā kī?aha ki?eki?e e like me ka waiū kī, e hō?ike ana i ka ?oko?a ma waena o ka ?ike olakino a me nā le?ale?a na?au.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ka hopena: ?O ke kumu o ka ?ono ke koho ?

I loko o kēia pā?ani ma waena o ke ?ano a me ke akamai, ?a?ohe lanakila lanakila. Hō?ike ?o Sucrose i ka ?aelike mua ma waena o ke kanaka a me ke ?ano, a hō?ike ?o sucralose i ka makemake o ka ?enehana e ho?ololi i ke ola. Ke ?ohi mākou i kahi kī?aha inu i mua o kahi hale kū?ai kū?ai nui, ?o ka mea a mākou e koho ai ?a?ole i ka ?ono wale nō, akā ke koho balota i ke olakino, etika a me ka loina ?oihana. Aia paha ka na?auao ?epekema ?oia?i?o i ka ?ike: ? ?O ka hopena o ka ?ono ?a?ole ia he pani, akā ke kaulike.