?O ka hiki o ka mannose i loko o ke kahua lā?au lapa?au ke ko?iko?i nui ?ia i kekahi mau kuhikuhi kiko?ī, ?o kekahi o ia mau mea i ho?ohana mua ?ia (e like me ka pale ?ana i ka ma?i urinary tract), a?o nā mea ?ē a?e i ka noi?i kumu a i ?ole ka pae ho?okolohua mua. Pono ka nānā ?ana i nā mana?o, akā pono nā hō?ike hou aku e kāko?o iā lākou. E wehewehe i kona hiki ma keia mau wahi:

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1、 Nā kahua ho?ohana i ?ike ?ia/oo

Ka pale ?ana i nā ma?i ma?i urinary tract (rUTI) ?

Mechanism: ?O ka ho?ohana waha ?ana i ka mannose ka hopena i ka excretion ki?eki?e i loko o ka mimi, ka ho?okūkū ho?okūkū i ka ho?opa?a ?ana o FimH pilin adhesins mai nā pathogens e like me Escherichia coli i nā cell epithelial bladder, e pale ana i ka bacteria mai ka noho ?ana a holoi ?ia e ka mimi.

Hō?ike:

Ua hō?ike ?ia nā ha?awina ho?ona?auao lehulehu, e like me ka ho?ohālikelike ?ana me ka furantoin antibiotic, ?o 1.5-2g o ka mannose i kēlā me kēia lā e like me ka maika?i e like me nā lā?au antibiotic ha?aha?a i ka pale ?ana i ka rUTI i ho?okumu ?ia e Escherichia coli i nā wahine, a he ha?aha?a ha?aha?a o ke kū'ē.

?O nā alaka?i alaka?i o ka European Association of Urology (EAU) he mea ?oko?a i ka pale ?ana i ka rUTI (Level of Evidence: B).

Pōmaika?i: Palekana ki?eki?e (nā hopena ?ao?ao o ka ?ōpū ma?i), ?a?ohe pilikia o ka pale ?ana i nā lā?au antibiotic ākea.

Nā palena: pili wale no ka pale ?ana a ?a?ole hiki ke ho?ololi i nā lā?au antibiotic i ka mālama ?ana i nā ma?i ?eha; Ua kaupalena ?ia ka hopena ma ka non Escherichia coli UTI.

2、 Nā wahi i ka pae noi?i akā me ka hiki ke maopopo

Lapa?au ?ana o ka Congenital Glycation Disorder (CDG)

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Mechanism: ?O kekahi mau ?ano CDG, e like me MPI-CDG (CDG-Ib type), nele i ka phosphomannose isomerase (PMI), ka mea e pale ai i ka ho?ololi ?ana o ka mannose-6-phosphate i ka fructose-6-phosphate, e alaka?i ana i ka hā?ule ?ana o ke kino.

Lapa?au: Hiki i ka ho?okele waha o ka mannose ke kāpae i nā hemahema PMI a hā?awi pololei i ka mannose-6-phosphate, e ho?iho?i i ka glycoprotein synthesis.

Kūlana o kēia manawa:

Ua ?ae ka FDA i ka ho?ohana ?ana i ka mannose no MPI-CDG, ?o ia kekahi o nā subtypes hiki ke mālama ?ia o CDG.

?O ka ho?omaika?i nui ?ana i ka ma?i ate, ka coagulation dysfunction, a me nā hō?ailona gastrointestinal, akā pono ka lā?au lapa?au no ke ola.

Hiki: E ?imi i ka waiwai lapa?au adjuvant no nā ?ano ?ano CDG ?ē a?e, e like me ALG-CDG.

?O ka ho?oponopono antitumor immune a me ka lawe ?ana i ka lā?au ???? (Ka noi?i preclinical ikaika)

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Mechanism:

?O ka microenvironment tumo i mana?o ?ia: Tumor related macrophages (TAMs) High express mannose receptors (MRC1), a hiki ke hā?awi ?ia nā lā?au lapa?au i ho?ololi ?ia i ka ma?i koko ma ke ?ano i mana?o ?ia.

Ho?oponopono i ka ho?opau ?ana i ka pale ?ana: Ho?opa?a ho?okūkū ?o Mannose i nā mea ho?okipa mannose ma ka ?ili o nā TAMs, e ālai ana i ko lākou ?ike ?ana i nā antigens glycated mannose ma ka ?ili o nā pūnaewele tumo, hiki ke ho?ohuli i ka ho?opau ?ana.

Ho?onui i ka ?ike ?ana i ka chemotherapy: Ma nā ha?awina holoholona, ?o ka hui pū ?ana o ka mannose a me ka chemotherapy (e like me ka doxorubicin) hiki ke kāohi nui i ka ulu ?ana o ka ma?i tumora (ma ke ke?ake?a ?ana paha i ka metabolism glucose).

Pa?akikī: Pono ka noi?i hou aku e pili ana i ka pono o ke kanaka, ke ?ano kūpono, a me nā ?ōnaehana lawe.

?O nā mea kōkua ma?i antifungal/antiparasitic ??

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Mechanism: ?O nā pathogens e like me Candida albicans a me Plasmodium e hilina?i i nā mea ho?okipa mannose e ho?ouka i nā pūnaewele. Hiki i ka Mannose ke ālai i kona pili.

Noi?i:

Ua hō?ike ?ia nā hi?ohi?ona in vitro a me nā holoholona e hiki i ka mannose ke kāohi i ka ho?opili ?ana o Candida i nā cell epithelial.

?O ka ho?ohana pū ?ana me nā lā?au antimalarial hiki ke hō?emi i ka nui o ka ma?i o nā ma?i malaria (nā ho?okolohua holoholona).

Hiki: Ma ke ?ano he adjuvant e ho?onui i ka maika?i o nā lā?au anti-infective e kū nei a hō?emi i ke kū?ē ?ana i ka lā?au.

3、 Nā kuhikuhi ?imi e puka mai ana (hiki ke hō?oia ?ia)

?O ka ma?i ?ā?ī o ka ?ōpū (IBD) a me ka ho?oponopono ?ana i ka pale ?ōpū ??

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Mana?o:

Hiki i ka Mannose ke ho?oponopono i ka microbiota o ka ?ōpū (ho?oulu i nā hua bacteria maika?i) a ke?ake?a i ka adhesion bacterial pathogenic.

Ho?onui i ka hana o nā protein mucosal barrier intestinal ma o ka ho?ololi glycosylation.

Ke kūlana o kēia manawa: Hō?ike nā ?ano holoholona (colitis) i kekahi mau hopena pale, akā nele ka noi?i kanaka.

Ho?oponopono i nā ma?i autoimmune ??

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Ka Mana?o: Ho?okomo ?ia ka glycosylation abnormal i ka pathogenesis o ka rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, a me nā ma?i ?ē a?e. Hiki i ka Mannose supplementation ke ho?oponopono i nā hemahema glycosylation.

Holomua: ?Ike wale ?ia i loko o nā hi?ohi?ona kelepona a i ?ole he helu li?ili?i loa o nā hihia, me ka ?ole o nā ho?okolohua lapa?au ko?iko?i.

Kāohi i nā pilikia o ka ma?i diabetes ??

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Logic: Ke alaka?i nei ke kō koko ki?eki?e i ka nui o ka non-enzymatic glycation (AGEs) o nā protein, e ho?opilikia ai. ?A?ole hilina?i ?o Mannose metabolism i ka insulin a ?a?ole pili i ka glucose koko, a i ?ole hiki ke ho?emi i ka ho?okūkū ho?okūkū i ka ho?okumu ?ana o nā AGE.

Hō?ike: Ua hō?ike ?ia nā ho?okolohua holoholona e lohi ka holomua o ka nephropathy diabetes, a ua hakahaka ka noi?i kanaka.

4、 Nā pilikia a me nā palena

?O nā pilikia nui ma ke kula

?A?ole pono ka pale ?ana i ka UTI i nā pathogens non Escherichia coli; ?A?ole lawa ka ?ikepili palekana no ka wā lō?ihi (?oi aku ka hopena o ka hana renal)

?O ka lapa?au CDG wale nō ka maika?i no nā subtypes kiko?ī; Pono ka ?ike mua a me ka lā?au lapa?au ola

?A?ole ?ike ?ia ka maika?i o ka mālama ?ana i ka ma?i ma?i i loko o ke kino kanaka; Hiki ke ho?oulu ?ia ka ma?i ma?i ma?i ma?i; Pono e no?ono?o ?ia ka pilikia o ka ho?ohui ?ana i ka chemotherapy

?A?ole lawa ka pono o ka ho?ohana ho?okahi o nā adjuvants anti infective; Pono e ho?omaika?i i ka hui pū ?ana me nā lā?au lapa?au

?O ka noi?i nāwaliwali e pili ana i nā mīkini ma nā ?ano hana ?ē a?e; Ka nele o nā ho?okolohua lapa?au ki?eki?e; Noho ka hapa nui o lākou i ka pae ho?ohālike holoholona

5、 Alaka?i ho?omohala e hiki mai ana

Ka ho?omohala ?ana i ka ?ōnaehana ho?opuka pololei: Ho?olālā i nā nanocarriers i ho?ololi ?ia e mannose e ho?omaika?i i ka huli ?ana i nā ma?i ma?i ma?i.

?O ka ho?onui ?ana i ka lā?au lapa?au: e ?imi ana i nā hopena synergistic o ka mannose me nā lā?au lapa?au, nā mea ho?opa?a ho?opa?a pale pale, a me nā lā?au antifungal.

Ho?onui ?ia ka ma?i Rare: Ke nānā ?ana no nā ?ano CDG hou a?e a me nā ma?i mālama lysosomal i hiki ke mālama ?ia me ka mannose.

Ho?opuka ho?oku?u lō?ihi: ho?opau i ka pilikia o ka lā?au lapa?au pinepine (e like me ka ho?ohana ?ana i kēlā me kēia lā no ka pale ?ana i ka UTI).

Ka ho?olālā stratification o ka heluna kanaka: ka lā?au lapa?au pololei e pili ana i ke ?ano pathogen (UTI) a i ?ole ka mutation gene (CDG)