Vanillin
?O ka inoa kemika o ka vanillin ?o 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, i ?ike ?ia ?o methyl protocatechualdehyde a i ?ole vanillin. He mea ?ala ko?iko?i ākea ākea ākea a ?o ia kekahi o nā mea ?ala nui loa i hana ?ia ma ka honua e like me 2019. He ?ala ?ono a me ka pauka a hiki ke ho?ohana ?ia ma ke ?ano he fixative, coordinator, a me nā mea ?ono. Ho?ohana nui ?ia ia i nā ?oihana e like me ka mea?ai, nā mea inu, nā mea ho?onaninani, nā kemika i kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā lā?au lapa?au. ?O ka nui o ka ho?ohana ?ana i nā ?oihana o lalo e pili ana i 50% no nā mea ho?ohui mea?ai, 20% no nā lā?au lapa?au waena, 20% no nā mea ho?ohui hānai, a ma kahi o 10% no nā kumu ?ē a?e.
?O Vanillin i kēia manawa kekahi o nā mea ?ono mea?ai i ho?ohana nui ?ia ma ka honua, i kapa ?ia ?o "ke ali?i o nā mea ?ala mea?ai". Ho?ohana nui ?ia ?o ia ma ke ?ano he mea ?ono i ka ?oihana mea?ai a ho?ohana ?ia i nā keke, ice cream, nā mea inu ?olu?olu, ke kokoleka, nā mea i kālua ?ia, a me nā mea inu ?ona. He 0.01% a hiki i ka 0.04% kona dosage i loko o nā pastries a me nā kuki, i loko o nā candies he 0.02% a hiki i ka 0.08%, a ?o ka mea ki?eki?e loa i nā mea i ho?omo?a ?ia he 220mg · kg-1. ?O ka helu ki?eki?e loa i loko o ke kokoleka he 970mg · kg-1. Hiki ke ho?ohana ?ia ma ke ?ano he mea ho?ohui mea?ai i nā mea?ai like ?ole a me nā mea ho?onani; I ka ?oihana ho?onaninani, hiki ke ho?ohana ?ia ma ke ?ano he mea ?ono i ka ?ala a me ka ?ili maka; I ka ?oihana kemika i kēlā me kēia lā, hiki ke ho?ohana ?ia e ho?ololi i ka ?ala o nā huahana kemika i kēlā me kēia lā; I ka ?oihana kemika, e like me nā defoamers, vulcanizing agents, a me nā precursors kemika; Hiki ke ho?ohana ?ia no ka nānā ?ana a me ka ?ike, e like me ka ho?ā?o ?ana i nā pūhui amino a me kekahi mau waikawa; I loko o ka ?oihana lā?au lapa?au, ma ke ?ano he mea pale ?ala. Ma muli o kāna mau waiwai antibacterial, hiki ke ho?ohana ?ia ka vanillin ma ke ?ano he lā?au lapa?au waena i ka ?oihana lā?au lapa?au, me ka mālama ?ana i nā ma?i ?ili. Loa?a i ka Vanillin kekahi mau waiwai antioxidant a me nā hopena pale ?ana i ka ma?i kanesa, a hiki ke komo i ka ho?ouna ?ana i ka hō?ailona ma waena o nā cell bacteria. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e ho?olaha kēia mau wahi noi i ka ulu wikiwiki o ka noi no ka vanillin i ka mākeke. E like me 2019, ?o ka ?ai makahiki o ka vanillin i ka mākeke honua ma kahi o 20000 tons.