?O D-mannose a me L-mannose nā enantiomers e ho?ohālike ana kekahi i kekahi, a aia ko lākou ?oko?a ko?iko?i i kā lākou stereoconfigurations spatial like ?ole, e hopena i nā hana olaola ?oko?a loa a me nā hana. ?O kēia nā mea nui e ho?oka?awale ai:

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1. Nā ?oko?a kumu o ka ho?olālā kemika

Nā helu ma?amau:

?O ke kumu molekala C ? H ?? O ?, ?o ia ka C-2 isomer o ka glucose (?o ia ho?i ke kuhikuhi hydroxyl (- OH) ma ke kalapona lua e kū?ē i ka glucose).

Nā ?oko?a kumu:

Ho?okumu ?ia ke ?ano hō?ailona D/L ma ka ?ōnaehana kuhikuhi glyceraldehyde:

D-Mannose: ?O ke kuhikuhi hydroxyl (- OH) o ke kalapona chiral helu ki?eki?e loa (C5) i loko o ka mole e pili ana me D-glyceraldehyde (aia ma ka ?ao?ao ?ākau i ka projection Fischer).

L-mannose: Ua kūlike ke kuhikuhi hydroxyl o C5 me ka L-glyceraldehyde (aia ma ka ?ao?ao hema i ka projection Fischer).

He mau ki?i aniani nā mea ?elua a ?a?ole hiki ke uhi. ?

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Fischer projection equation: ho?ohālikelike ho?olālā ma waena o D-mannose (hema) a me L-mannose (?ākau)

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2. ?O ka hana olaola a me nā ?oko?a metabolic

Nā hi?ohi?ona D-mannose L-mannose

Kūlohelohe ? Loa?a nui i ke ?ano (ma nā hua?ai, nā mea kanu, glycoproteins) ? ?A?ole ola kūlohelohe (laboratory synthesis)

Hana olaola ? Loa?a ka hana ko?iko?i nui ?? ?A?ohe hana olaola i ?ike ?ia (?a?ole hiki ke ho?ololi ?ia a ho?ohana ?ia e ke kino kanaka)

Hiki ke phosphorylated ke ala metabolic e ka mannose kinase (MK) a ?a?ole hiki ke ?ike ?ia e nā enzyme metabolic kanaka (he ?ano kiko?ī ko nā enzyme).

?O nā hana physiological e pili ana i ka glycoprotein synthesis, UTI prevention, CDG therapy, etc

Aneane ?a?ohe hopena i ke kō koko (no ka lawe ?ole ?ia/metabolized)

No ke aha ?o D-type ke ?ano hana biologically wale nō? ?

?O nā enzyme a me nā mea lawe i loko o nā mea ola e loa?a i nā kiko?ī chiral ko?iko?i (stereoselectivity):

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?O ka ?ike ?ana i ka enzyme metabolic:

?O ka mannose kinase (MK) i loko o ke akepa?a kanaka e ?ike wale a ho?opololei iā D-mannose a ?a?ole hiki ke hana i ka L-isomer.

Mea kiko?ī o ka mea lawe:

?O nā mea lawe glucose o ka ?ōpū (e like me GLUT5) ?oi aku ka maika?i o ka lawe ?ana iā D-mannose (?oiai me ka ha?aha?a ha?aha?a), ?oiai ?a?ole hiki ke ho?opili pono ?ia ?o L-mannose.

Ho?opa?a ?ia ka mea ho?okipa:

?O nā pahuhopu e like me ka mannose receptor (MRC1) a me ka bacterial FimH adhesins pili pono iā D-mannose a i ?ole nā ??mea ho?opuka (e like me D-mannoside).

4. Hiki ke ho?ohana i ka L-mannose

?Oiai ka nele o ka hana olaola, loa?a ka waiwai kiko?ī o L-mannose i ka noi?i ?epekema a me ka ?oihana

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Ka noi?i biochemical:

Ma ke ?ano he mea kuhikuhi no D-mannose, ho?ohana ?ia ia e a?o i ke ?ano ?ike chiral o nā enzymes.

?O nā mea waena ho?ohui kemika:

Ho?ohana ?ia no ka ho?ohui ?ana i nā kō a i ?ole nā molekole lā?au chiral.

?O ka ho?olālā pale:

Hiki ke lawelawe ma ke ?ano he mea ho?okūkū ho?okūkū no nā enzyme kiko?ī (e koi ana i ka hō?oia ?ia ?ana).

Mea kūikawā:

Ho?ohana ?ia no ka ho?omākaukau ?ana i nā polymers chiral a i ?ole nanomaterials (e like me nā mea ?ike chiral).

Hō?ulu?ulu Ki?i

Ana ho?ohālikelike D-mannose L-mannose

?O ke ?ano kemika o nā isomers lima ?ākau e noho nei ma ke ?ano, nā isomers lima hema i hana ?ia.

?A?ole hiki ke ?ike ?ia e nā enzyme kanaka

Physiological function glycosylation, anti ma'i, lapaau i na ma'i laha ole

?O ka lā?au lapa?au waiwai i ho?ohana ?ia (ka pale ?ana i ka UTI, ka mālama CDG), nā mea ho?ohui noi?i mea?ai mea?ai, nā mea ho?ohui kemika.

Hiki i ka ma'i ki'eki'e ke ho'oulu i ka ma'i ma'i (akā palekana loa), 'a'ohe mea 'awa'awa akā 'a'ole bioavailable

Ho?omana?o ma?alahi:

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D-type="biologically active type": aia ma ke ?ano, hiki ke ho?ololi ?ia, a loa?a nā hana kūpono.

L-type="type control mirror": hana ?ia me ka hana ?ole, ho?ohana wale ?ia no ka noi?i ?epekema a i ?ole ka ?enekinia kemika.

?O ka hua?ōlelo 'mannose' i ?ōlelo ?ia ma nā ?ano lā?au lapa?au a me ka mea?ai e pili ana iā D-mannose. ?A?ohe waiwai ho?ohana lapa?au ?o L-mannose, akā ma ke ?ano he mea hana kemika, loa?a iā ia kekahi mau noi?i ?epekema.