?O ka Xanthan gum i kēia manawa ka bio gel maika?i loa i ka ?ōlelo o ka mānoanoa, ho?oku?u, emulsification, a me ke kūpa?a ma ka honua. He hopena ko?iko?i ka nui o nā pū?ulu pyruvate ma ka hope o ke kaulahao ?ao?ao molekala o ka xanthan gum i kāna mau waiwai. Loa?a i ka Xanthan gum nā waiwai ma?amau o nā polymers kaulahao lō?ihi, akā ?oi aku ka nui o nā pū?ulu hana ma mua o nā polymers ma?amau a hō?ike i nā waiwai kū?oko?a ma lalo o nā kūlana kiko?ī. He ?oko?a kona conformation i loko o ka wai wai, e hō?ike ana i nā ?ano like ?ole ma lalo o nā kūlana like ?ole.

1. Ho?oku?u a me ka emulsifying waiwai

He hopena ho?oku?u maika?i ?o Xanthan gum i nā mea pa?a ?ole a me nā kulu aila. Hiki i nā molekala ?o Xanthan gum sol ke hana i nā copolymers helical i ho?opa?a ?ia, e hana ana i kahi gel palupalu e like me ka ho?olālā pūnaewele hiki ke kāko?o i ka morphology o nā ?āpana pa?a, droplets, a me nā bubbles, e hō?ike ana i ka kūpa?a emulsifying ikaika a me ka hiki ke ho?oku?u.

2. Hiki ke ho?ohehe?e wai

Hiki i ka Xanthan gum ke ho?ohehe?e koke i ka wai a maika?i ka ho?ohehe?e wai. Hiki ke ho?ohehe?e ?ia i ka wai anuanu, hiki iā ia ke ho?opau i ka hana pa?akikī a ma?alahi ho?i e ho?ohana. Eia nō na?e, ma muli o kona hydrophilicity ikaika, inā ho?ohui pololei ?ia ka wai me ka ?ole o ka ho?ouluulu ?ana, e ho?omo?i ka ?ao?ao o waho i ka wai a ho?onui i loko o kahi gel, kahi e pale ai i ka wai mai ke komo ?ana i ka papa i loko a pili i kona pono. No laila, pono e ho?ohana pono. E ho?ohui i ka pauka malo?o xanthan gum a i ?ole nā ??mea ho?ohui pauka malo?o e like me ka pa?akai a me ke kō, a ho?ohui mālie i ka wai ho?ouluulu e hana i kahi hopena no ka ho?ohana ?ana.

3. Waiwai mānoanoa

Loa?a i ka Xanthan gum solution nā hi?ohi?ona o ka ha?aha?a ha?aha?a a me ka viscosity ki?eki?e (?o ka viscosity o kahi solution 1% aqueous e like me 100 mau manawa o ka gelatin), e lilo ia i mea mānoanoa kūpono.

4. Pseudoplasticity

He ki?eki?e ka viscosity o ka solution gum xanthan ma lalo o nā kūlana shear static a ha?aha?a paha, a ke hō?ike nei i ka emi ?ana o ka viscosity ma lalo o nā kūlana shear ki?eki?e, akā ?a?ole i loli ke ?ano molekala. Ke ho?opau ?ia ka ikaika shear, ho?iho?i koke ?ia ka viscosity kumu. ?O ka pilina ma waena o ka ikaika shear a me ka viscosity he plastic loa. ?O ka pseudoplasticity o ka xanthan gum he mea ko?iko?i loa ia, a he mea maika?i loa kēia pseudoplasticity no ka ho?opa?a ?ana i nā ho?oku?u a me nā emulsion.

5. Pa?a i ka wela

?A?ole loli nui ka viscosity o ka solution gum xanthan me ka mahana. ?O ka ma?amau, ho?ololi nā polysaccharides ma muli o ka ho?omehana ?ana, akā ?o ka viscosity o ka xanthan gum aqueous solution ?ane?ane ?a?ole i loli ma waena o 10-80 ℃. ?Oiai ?o nā ha?ina ha?aha?a ha?aha?a e hō?ike ana i ka viscosity ki?eki?e ma luna o kahi ākea ākea. ?O ka ho?omehana 1% xanthan gum solution (loa?a ka 1% potassium chloride) mai 25 ℃ a 120 ℃ e ho?emi wale i kona viscosity e 3%.

6. Pa?a i ka acidity a me ka alkalinity

Pa?a loa ka ho?onā ?ana o ka Xanthan gum i ka acidity a me ka alkalinity, a ?a?ole pili kona viscosity ma waena o ka pH 5-10. Aia kahi ho?ololi iki o ka viscosity ke emi ka pH ma mua o 4 a ?oi aku ka nui ma mua o 11. I loko o ka pae pH o 3-11, ?oko?a ka nui a me ka li?ili?i o ka viscosity ma lalo o 10%. Hiki i ka Xanthan gum ke ho?ohehe?e i loko o nā ?akika like ?ole, e like me 5% sulfuric acid, 5% nitric acid, 5% acetic acid, 10% hydrochloric acid, a me 25% phosphoric acid. Pa?a loa kēia xanthan gum acid solution ma ka lumi wela a ?a?ole e loli i ka maika?i no kekahi mau mahina. Hiki i ka Xanthan gum ke ho?ohehe?e i ka sodium hydroxide solution a loa?a nā waiwai mānoanoa. Pa?a loa ka hopena hopena i ka mahana wela. Hiki ke ho?oha?aha?a ?ia ka Xanthan gum e nā oxidants ikaika e like me ka perchloric acid a me ka persulfate, a wikiwiki ka ho?oha?aha?a ?ana me ka pi?i ?ana o ka mahana.

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