1. ?ano unuhi pololei

Ua ho?oka?awale mua ?ia ?o Xylitol mai ka ?ili o nā lā?au ?oka e ka mea ?epekema Kelemania ?o Hermann Emil Fischer i ka makahiki 1890. Loa?a maoli ?o Xylitol i nā mea kanu i ho?okumu ?ia ma ke ?ano, e like me nā strawberries, plum melemele, cauliflower, a me nā hua?ai a me nā mea kanu ?ē a?e (300-935 mg/100 g malo?o kaumaha). Hiki ke ho'ohana 'ia ka ho'ohehe'e 'ana no ka unuhi pololei 'ana i ka xylitol mai nā mea kanu, akā he ha'aha'a ka ma'i o ka xylitol i nā mea kanu e like me nā hua a me nā mea kanu. ?Oiai ?oi aku ka ki?eki?e o ka xylitol i loko o nā plum apricot ma mua o nā mea kanu ?ē a?e, a ?o ka ?ike o ka xylitol i loko o nā plums ?ōma?oma?o e pili ana i ka 1% o ka paona malo?o, ?o ka unuhi pololei ?ana i ka xylitol mai iā lākou e pono ai nā mea hana kūikawā, ho?opau i ka ikehu nui, a loa?a nā kumukū?ai ki?eki?e.

2. Ke?ano hana ho?ohui kemika

I nā makahiki 1970, ?o Finland ka mea mua i ho?ohana i ka chromatography e ho?oka?awale i ka D-xylose mai nā hemicellulose lā?au like ?ole. Ma hope iho, ua ho?emi ?ia ?o D-xylose i xylitol ma lalo o ka wela ki?eki?e, ke kaomi ki?eki?e, a me ka hydrogen catalysis, a ua ho?omohala ?ia i ke ?ano hana xylitol ?oihana.

Hiki ke ho?emi pololei ?ia ka Xylitol i ka D-xylose ma?ema?e ma o ka synthesis kemika, a i ?ole synthesized mai ka lignoscellulosic biomass waiwai i ka xylose. ?O ka hana ?ana o ka xylitol ma ka home a me ka honua e ho?ohana pinepine i nā mea waiwai i ka pentose polysaccharides, e like me ka mau?u palaoa maoli, ka palaoa, ka palaoa stover, corn cob, etc., i ho?oma?ama?a ?ia e ka hydrolysis acid (e like me HCI, HSO), a laila ho?oma?ema?e ?ia mai nā hakina hemicellulose. Ma lalo o ka hana a ka mea ho?ohehe?e, e loa?a ka xylose i ka hydrogenation reaction.

3. ?ano ho?ololi olaola

?O ke ala biotechnology e pili ana i ka hydrolysis o nā ?ōpala mahi?ai i loa?a i nā sugars pentose (e like me ka cobs kulina, bagasse, a me ka pomace ?oliva) me ka waikawa dilute e loa?a ai ka xylose hydrolysate, a laila ho?emi ?ia i xylitol e nā microorganism. ?O ka ho?ohana ?ana i ka microbial fermentation o ka hemicellulose hydrolyzate e hana ai i ka xylitol he mau mea maika?i o ke ?ano o ka hopena ha?aha?a, ka hana ma?alahi, ka pilina o ke kaiapuni, ka ha?aha?a ha?aha?a ha?aha?a, a me ka maika?i o ka huahana, e lilo ia i kumu kū?ai ha?aha?a ha?aha?a no ka loa?a ?ana o kēia polyol.

He lō?ihi ke ka?ina hana o ka xylitol, akā pono e hopu ?ia kekahi mau ka?ina hana nui e hō?oia i ka maika?i o nā huahana xylitol a me ka holomua o ka hana. ?Ike ?ia kēia ?o ke ka?ina hana hui. Ke ho?opau ?ia nā ka?ina hana nui, ?ike ?ia nā kumu nui o ka hana ?ana o xylitol.

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