Citicolineyog ib qho nucleotide uas muaj cov nucleic acid, cytosine, pyrophosphate thiab choline, uas yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob neurodegenerative, xws li Alzheimer's kab mob, ntau yam sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis thiab hais txog. Cov kev tshawb fawb kuj tau pom tias citicoline tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb nce siab ntawm dopamine thiab glutamate, yog li txhim kho kev txawj ntse. Ciphocholine kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo qhov tso tawm ntawm cov roj ntsha dawb thiab rov ua haujlwm ntawm mitochondrial ATPase thiab cell membrane Na + / K + ATPase, yog li txo qis kev raug mob ntawm lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem pathophysiological ntawm cov kab mob neurodegenerative yog qhov nyuaj thiab koom nrog cholinergic deficiency, glutamate excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, txo cov piam thaj metabolism, thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntshav-hlwb barrier.

Citicolinetuaj yeem txhim kho cov cell membrane los ntawm kev txhawb nqa S-adenosine-L-methionine, ua kom cov dendrite complexity thiab spinous txheej txheem ceev ntawm lub cev muaj zog neuron qauv, txhim kho cov plasticity ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, thiab txhawb kev ua haujlwm zoo.

Citicoline tuaj yeem txo cov qib ntawm cov dej-soluble lecithin phosphate los ntawm upregating choline phosphate cytidylytransferase (CCT) thiab inhibit qhov kev ua ntawm secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2) los yog inhibit qhov ua kom ntawm PLA2 los ntawm inhibiting TNF-a / IL-1b kom txo cov phospholipids ntawm qhov ntawd. phospholipid thiab kho cov paj hlwb.

Citicoline kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv apoptotic xws li Bcl-2 thiab inhibit glutamate tso tawm kom txo cytotoxicity.

Ciphocholine txhawb kev kho sai ntawm cov cell puas thiab cov mitochondrial daim nyias nyias, tswj cov cell nruj thiab kev ua haujlwm lom neeg, thiab txo cov roj fatty acid tso tawm, yog li txo cov pa oxygenated metabolites thiab dawb radical ntau lawm.

Citicoline tuaj yeem nce vasopressin thiab plasma adrenotropin ntau ntau, thiab txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm kev loj hlob hormone, thyrotropin thiab luteinizing hormone.

Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev npaj ntawm citicoline sodium, feem ntau yog peb txoj kev.

Ib qho yog microbial fermentation. Txoj kev no muaj qee qhov teeb meem xws li cov khoom tsis tshua muaj siab thiab cov khoom tsis ruaj khov.

Ib qho yog organic chemical synthesis. Muaj qee qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, xws li cov khoom yog qhov nyuaj rau kev sib cais ntawm shrinkage sib tov, tsis haum rau kev siv tshuaj, tsis tshua muaj kev hloov pauv tus nqi, ntau cov khoom los ntawm cov khoom lag luam, tus nqi siab thiab kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig.

Kuj tseem muaj cov txheej txheem enzymatic synthesis, xws li kev siv npias poov xab av thiab lwm yam kab mob rau biosynthesis. Cov dawb brewer's poov xab cov av nkos tau siv rau enzymatic synthesis. Cov txheej txheem tau yooj yim, tus nqi hloov pauv tau siab thiab tus nqi qis. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm citicoline sodium synthesized los ntawm enzymatic synthesis tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob ntu: cov txheej txheem enzymatic synthesis thiab extraction thiab purification txheej txheem.

Noj hauv qhov ncauj, nws sai sai absorbed, hydrolyzed nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv thiab daim siab rau choline thiab cytosine, uas nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, hla cov ntshav-hlwb barrier, thiab recombine rau citicoline nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus paj hlwb, qhov twg 80% ntawm phospholipid synthesis yog cuam tshuam los ntawm citicoline concentration nyob rau hauv lub cev.

Tsis tas li ntawd, citicoline hloov mus rau acetylcholine hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb thiab oxidized rau betaine hauv ob lub raum thiab daim siab. Cov dej solubility ntawm citicoline yog qhov zoo, qhov bioavailability yog siab li 90%, thiab tsuas yog tsawg dua 1% tawm hauv cov quav tom qab kev tswj qhov ncauj. Muaj 2 qhov siab kawg ntawm kev nqus hauv cov ntshav, 1 teev thiab 24 teev tom qab noj.

Hauv cov qauv nas, qib ntawm radiolabelled citicoline nce tsis tu ncua hauv lub hlwb 10 teev tom qab noj thiab tau nthuav dav hauv cov teeb meem dawb thiab grey ntawm lub hlwb. Cov ntsiab lus siab tseem nyob ntawm 48 teev, thiab nws qhov kev tshem tawm qeeb heev, tsuas yog ib qho me me tso tawm txhua hnub los ntawm cov zis, quav, thiab ua pa. Exogenous ingestion ntawm citicoline tuaj yeem txhawb kev kho sai ntawm cov cell puas thiab mitochondria, tswj kev ncaj ncees ntawm tes thiab kev ua haujlwm lom neeg, thiab inhibit apoptosis thiab tuag.