Erythritolyog plaub-carbon qab zib cawv, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg polyol, uas yog ib tug dawb, tsis muaj ntxhiab crystal nrog ib tug molecular hnyav ntawm tsuas yog 122.12. Nws feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, xws li melons, txiv duaj, txiv duaj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj fermented, xws li cawv, npias thiab soy sauce. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem pom muaj nyob hauv cov kua dej hauv lub cev xws li tib neeg lub qhov muag, cov ntshav thiab cov phev [1][2]. Erythritol yog ib qho biosweetener uas muaj lub siab txias, uas tsis tsuas yog muaj tag nrho cov haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom qab zib cawv, tab sis kuj muaj cov nqi qis zog thiab siab ua haujlwm siab. Nws cov calories tsuas yog 0.2 kcal / g, thiab nws cov khoom qab zib yog 70% ntawm lub zog qab zib ntawm sucrose, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov khoom noj muaj calorie tsawg rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab rog [3]. Cov kev tshawb fawb tshuaj toxicological tau pom tias erythritol tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tsis ua rau muaj kev phiv los yog tshuaj lom [2]. Tsis tas li ntawd, 90% ntawm erythritol tau noj nrog cov zaub mov tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam biochemical thiab raug tso tawm hauv cov zis hauv daim ntawv hloov pauv, yog li tsis cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav qab zib lossis insulin qib [4]. Erythritol tseem tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm antioxidant vim nws cov qauv molecular tshwj xeeb [5]. Cov khoom siv muaj peev xwm ntawm erythritol tau ua rau muaj kev txaus siab rau qhov sib xyaw no hauv kev lag luam zaub mov nrog rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj.

Tam sim no, erythritol feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm microbial fermentation. Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj synthesis, cov txheej txheem ntawm erythritol los ntawm microbial fermentation yog me me, yooj yim los tswj, thiab tuaj yeem txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig [4]. Yog li ntawd, daim ntawv thov kev cia siab ntawm cov khoom yog dav optimistic

Cov tsos mob nruab nrab: Qhov qab zib ntawm erythritol yog me ntsis qis dua li ntawm sucrose, txog 2/3 ntawm qhov qab zib ntawm sucrose. Erythritol yog ib yam khoom ntsuab ntsuab nrog lub siab huv si. Piv nrog rau lwm cov piam thaj hloov pauv - qab zib cawv, erythritol muaj cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev [7,8]. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum erythritol tau ua ke nrog cov khoom qab zib muaj zog xws li stevia thiab momoside, nws tuaj yeem npog qhov tsis hnov ????tsw tsw los ntawm cov khoom qab zib siab, txo qis tom qab astringency thiab irritation ntawm cov tshuaj, thiab txhim kho cov saj ntawm cov tshuaj, ua rau cov qab zib ze rau sucrose.

Tus nqi caloric yog xoom: erythrothreitol molecules tsawg heev, thiab txog 90% tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ncig tom qab tib neeg noj, thiab tsuas yog li 10% ncaj qha nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv loj raws li cov pa roj carbon monoxide rau fermentation. Vim hais tias lub cev tsis muaj enzyme uas tuaj yeem ncaj qha metabolize erythritol, erythritol yog absorbed los ntawm cov hnyuv nyob ze los ntawm passive diffusion, zoo ib yam li cov uas tsis tshua muaj molecular hnyav organic molecules tsis muaj ib tug active thauj system, uas nws absorption tus nqi yog txuam nrog rau lawv molecular loj. Vim nws qhov hnyav molecular me me, erythritol dhau los ntawm cov hnyuv hauv plab sai dua mannose thiab qabzib, tab sis nws tsis zom thiab degraded tom qab nqus hauv lub cev, thiab tsuas yog tso tawm los ntawm cov zis los ntawm lub raum [9]. Qhov tshwj xeeb physiological thiab metabolic yam ntxwv ntawm erythritol txiav txim siab nws qis calorific nqi. Lub zog tus nqi ntawm erythritol noj tsuas yog 1/10-1/20 ntawm kev noj, thiab nws cov nqi zog yog 0.2-0.4 kJ / g, uas yog 5% mus rau 10% ntawm lub zog ntawm sucrose, thiab yog lub zog qis tshaj ntawm tag nrho cov qab zib hloov cawv.

Kev ua siab ntev thiab kev phiv me me: Vim yog txoj hauv kev sib txawv ntawm erythritol, feem ntau ntawm cov piam thaj cawv tom qab siv tau tawm hauv lub raum, thiab tsawg dua 10% ntawm nws nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Vim tias tib neeg lub cev tsis muaj enzyme degrade erythritol, tus nqi ntawm nws tau tawg hauv tib neeg lub cev yog me me [10]. Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv hauv "2007 No. 12" tshaj tawm txog kev noj erythritol yog "ntxiv raws li qhov xav tau", qhov kev noj haus txhua hnub tuaj yeem siab txog 50 grams, thiab tsis muaj kev mob plab thiab roj thiab lwm yam kev mob tshwm sim, los ntawm cov lus hauv qab no tuaj yeem muab piv rau tib neeg lub cev ua siab ntev rau ntau yam qab zib cawv.

Adaptability rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib: Yokozawa li al. [11] tau kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm erythritol ntawm streptozotocin induced ntshav qab zib, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias erythritol tuaj yeem txo cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, lub siab thiab lub raum ntawm cov nas ntshav qab zib. Vim tias tib neeg lub cev tsis muaj cov enzymes rau metabolize erythritol, erythritol nkag mus rau hauv lub cev tau zoo absorbed yam tsis tau metabolized thiab tso tawm los ntawm lub raum txheej txheem, qhia tias erythritol muaj peev xwm txwv tsis pub muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav qabzib thiab qib insulin. Yog li, erythritol muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thaum siv cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb [12,13].

Cov khoom tsis muaj kab mob: Honkala et al. [14] tau kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm erythritol li al ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov hniav hniav thiab cov hniav caries, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias pawg erythritol muaj tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob dentin thiab qhov chaw, thiab yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob caries. Vim tias erythritol tuaj yeem txo cov quav hniav acid, txo cov Streptococcus mutans hauv cov qaub ncaug thiab cov quav hniav, yog li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hniav caries [15]. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sim tau pom tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob caries ntawm erythritol muaj peb lub tswv yim: 1. Txo qhov kev loj hlob inhibition thiab acid ntau lawm ntawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov hniav caries; 2, txo cov adhesion ntawm cov kab mob streptococcus ntawm qhov ncauj rau ntawm cov hniav; 3. Txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov quav hniav hauv cov kab mob [16]. Yog li, erythritol muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub qhov ncauj.