Nov yog kev tshuaj xyuas tsis ntev los no, luam tawm hauv phau ntawv xov xwm muaj koob npe Nutrients thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2024, los ntawm Ligia J. Dominguez thiab lwm tus los ntawm University of Palermo thiab University of Enna hauv Ltalis. Lawv tau tshuaj xyuas cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm magnesium thiab cov cim ntawm kev laus hauv tib neeg lub cev, thiab pom tias cov pob zeb hauv av no tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb ntawm kev laus, uas yog qhov xav tsis thoob!

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Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb:

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1. Magnesium yog qhov thib plaub uas muaj cov ntxhia ntau tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau dua 600 enzymes, cuam tshuam rau ntau yam txheej txheem physiological.

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2.Magnesium deficiency muaj ntau heev rau cov neeg laus, uas muaj feem xyuam rau ntau yam xws li noob caj noob ces, ib puag ncig thiab kev ua neej. Tsis txaus magnesium qib hauv lub cev tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem laus.

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3. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias magnesium tuaj yeem cuam tshuam 12 yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev laus, nrog rau kev tsis muaj zog ntawm genomic, telomere shortening, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm epigenetic. Magnesium supplementation yuav tsum ncua kev laus thiab txhim kho kev cia siab rau kev noj qab haus huv.

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Nov yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm cov ntawv thawj:

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Magnesium deficiency accelerates 12 laus yam ntxwv

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Genomic instability: Magnesium stabilizes DNA ob chav helix qauv thiab koom nrog ntau yam DNA kho mechanisms. Magnesium deficiency tuaj yeem ua rau tsub zuj zuj ntawm DNA kev puas tsuaj, nce kev hloov caj ces, thiab ua rau kev laus sai.

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Telomere shortening: Telomeres yog rov ua ntu zus ntawm qhov kawg ntawm chromosomes uas tiv thaiv genome los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Magnesium stabilizes qhov kawg.

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Epigenetic hloov pauv: Epigenetic kev hloov pauv hauv cov noob qhia tshwm sim yam tsis hloov pauv DNA ib ntus. Magnesium tswj cov txheej txheem epigenetic xws li DNA methylation thiab hloov histone.

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Protein homeostasis imbalance: protein synthesis thiab degradation nyob rau hauv lub cell ncav cuag ib tug dynamic tshuav nyiaj li cas, hu ua protein homeostasis. Magnesium koom nrog hauv kev tswj cov proteasome thiab lysosome muaj nuj nqi, thiab magnesium deficiency ua rau tsub zuj zuj ntawm misfolded proteins.

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Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nkag siab txog kev noj zaub mov zoo: Insulin / IGF-1 thiab lwm yam kev taw qhia pom pom cov cellular noj zaub mov zoo thiab tswj cov metabolism. Magnesium yog ib cofactor ntawm insulin receptors thiab downstream kinases, thiab magnesium deficiency ua rau insulin tsis kam.

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Mitochondrial dysfunction: Mitochondria yog cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob ntawm tes, thiab lawv cov DNA thiab cov kab mob ua pa yog qhov tsis zoo rau kev puas tsuaj. Magnesium yog qhov thib ob ntau tshaj cation nyob rau hauv mitochondria, uas yog koom tes nyob rau hauv ATP synthesis thiab antioxidant, thiab magnesium deficiency aggravates mitochondrial puas.

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Cellular senescence: senescent hlwb nres kev faib, secrete inflammatory yam, thiab rhuav tshem cov ntaub so ntswg microenvironment. Magnesium tuaj yeem inhibit cell voj voog thaiv cov proteins p53 thiab p21 thiab qeeb cell senescence.

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Stem cell depletion: Stem cells yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov ntaub so ntswg rov tsim dua thiab kho, thiab lawv cov lej thiab kev ua haujlwm poob qis nrog lub hnub nyoog. Magnesium cuam tshuam rau hematopoietic qia cell sib txawv, thiab magnesium tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom cov qia cell depletion.

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Cov kev hloov pauv hauv kev sib txuas lus intercellular: cytokines, cov tshuaj hormones, thiab lwm yam. intercellular teeb liab pauv. Kev laus tsub kom lub secretion ntawm inflammatory yam. Magnesium inhibits qhov mob thiab txhim kho kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes.

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Impaired Autophagy: Autophagy yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau cov hlwb kom degrade puas cov proteins thiab cov organelles. Magnesium tswj kev ua haujlwm autophagy los ntawm kev tswj cov haujlwm ntawm autophagy ntsig txog cov noob thiab kinases.

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Cov kab mob plab hnyuv: plab hnyuv muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov khoom noj metabolism thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab microbial imbalance yog cuam tshuam nrog kev laus. Magnesium tswj cov plab hnyuv thiab txhim kho tus tswv tsev noj qab haus huv.

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Mob o: Kev laus yog nrog los ntawm kev mob qis qis thoob plaws hauv lub cev, uas yog, "inflammatory aging". Magnesium tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev ua kom muaj zog ntau dhau ntawm cov kab mob inflammatory xws li NF-κB thiab ua rau cov lus teb inflammatory.

Raws li kev tshawb fawb txog kev kis kab mob loj heev thiab kev sim tshuaj randomized, nce kev noj zaub mov magnesium kom tsawg thiab ntxiv cov tshuaj magnesium tuaj yeem txo cov hnub nyoog ntsig txog mob ntev, insulin tsis kam, kab mob plawv, thiab lwm yam. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj pov thawj ncaj qha los ua pov thawj tias magnesium tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej ntev, cov pov thawj tsis ncaj qhia tias magnesium supplementation pab txhawb kev laus noj qab haus huv.

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Txawm hais tias magnesium muaj kev nyab xeeb, cov neeg muaj lub raum tsis txaus yuav tsum tau ceev faj, thiab cov tshuaj loj ntawm qhov ncauj tuaj yeem ua rau raws plab. Cov neeg laus yuav tsum tau ua ntej kom tau txais magnesium txaus los ntawm lawv cov zaub mov, xws li zaub ntsuab nplooj, cov nplej, txiv ntseej, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias tsim nyog, ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom ntxiv magnesium, thiab tsis tu ncua saib xyuas cov ntshav magnesium concentration.

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Cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntxaws ntxaws thiab cov ntaub ntawv kho mob:

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Kev sim ua pov thawj ntawm magnesium thiab genomic stability DNA yog cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm lub neej, thiab nws txoj kev ruaj ntseg yog lub hauv paus rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb. Txoj kev tshawb no pom tias muaj magnesium ions nyob nruab nrab ntawm li 50% ntawm lub hauv paus khub hauv DNA ob chav helix qauv, uas plays lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv stabilizing tus qauv. Hauv cov qauv kab mob xws li Escherichia coli thiab cov poov xab, qhov tsis tshua muaj magnesium ib puag ncig ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv DNA replication yuam kev. Tib neeg fibroblast kab lis kev cai thwmsim kuj tau lees paub tias tsis tshua muaj magnesium tuaj yeem ua rau nrawm telomere luv thiab nce-txoj cai ntawm DNA kev puas tsuaj teb cov noob qhia. Tsiaj thwmsim tau pom tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant tau raug puas tsuaj hauv daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm magnesium tsis muaj nas, thiab qib ntawm 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, tus cim ntawm DNA oxidative puas tsuaj, tau nce. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb hauv nas pom tias haus dej magnesium-nplua nuj ua kom ntev telomere ntev thiab txo DNA puas. Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tias magnesium yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm genomic stability.

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Hauv cov kev tshawb fawb pej xeem, qib ntshav lossis erythrocyte magnesium tau cuam tshuam tsis zoo nrog ntau yam kev ntsuas ntawm genomic instability, xws li micronucleus zaus, qib ntawm DNA puas khoom 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, thiab telomere ntev. Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav hla ntawm ze li ntawm 200 tus neeg laus noj qab haus huv pom tau tias cov neeg uas muaj cov qe ntshav liab qis tshaj plaws magnesium muaj peripheral ntshav lymphocyte telomere ntev uas yog, qhov nruab nrab, 11.5% luv dua li cov uas muaj magnesium siab tshaj plaws. Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm 1800 cov txiv neej hnub nyoog nruab nrab thiab cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 45-74 xyoo ua raws li 5 xyoos pom tias kev noj zaub mov magnesium tau cuam tshuam tsis zoo nrog rau qib DNA kev puas tsuaj hauv peripheral ntshav lymphocytes ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab txhua qhov nce hauv magnesium kom tsawg ntawm 100mg / hnub txo qhov kev puas tsuaj DNA los ntawm 5.5% tom qab 5 xyoos. Qhov no qhia tias magnesium supplementation nyob rau hauv tib neeg kuj yuav pab tswj genomic stability.

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Thib ob, kev sib raug zoo ntawm magnesium thiab telomerase kev ua haujlwm thiab kev laus ntawm tes Telomeres yog cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kawg ntawm chromosomes, tsim los ntawm TTAGGG rov ua dua thiab telomere-binding proteins, uas tiv thaiv chromosomes los ntawm degradation thaum lub sij hawm cell division. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub hlwb, telomere ntev luv luv los ntawm 50 mus rau 100 lub hauv paus khub ntawm ib qho kev faib, thiab thaum lub shortening mus txog qhov tseem ceeb, lub cell nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev ntawm senescence. Telomerase yog ib qho ribonucleoprotease uas ua rau lub sijhawm telomere, tab sis feem ntau tsis zoo los yog tsis qhia hauv cov neeg laus.

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Hauv nas embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), tsawg magnesium nruab nrab txo qis telomerase kev ua haujlwm los ntawm ntau dua 50% thiab pom cov cellular senescence nta, xws li nce β-galactosidase kev ua haujlwm thiab nce kev tswj hwm ntawm cell cycle inhibitors p16 thiab p21. Cov phenotypes kev laus no tuaj yeem thim rov qab tom qab kho nrog magnesium lossis telomerase activators. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws tau pom hauv tib neeg endothelial hlwb thiab fibroblasts. Cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab molecular tau pom tias magnesium tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov ntev ntawm telomere los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau kev qhia thiab hauv zos ntawm qee cov proteins tseem ceeb hauv telomere complex, xws li TRF1 thiab TRF2. Tsis tas li ntawd, magnesium kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev taw qhia xws li AKT thiab ERK, thiab inhibit cell cycle inhibitors xws li p53 thiab Rb, yog li ncua kev laus ntawm tes.

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Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam kuj txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm magnesium thiab cellular senescence. Hauv ntau dua 100 cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv, cov ntshav magnesium qib tau cuam tshuam zoo nrog T lymphocyte proliferation thiab tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog ntshav plasma p16 qib. Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb suav nrog 250 cov neeg laus hauv zej zog, thiab pom tias cov qib magnesium hauv cov ntshav muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev kev laus xws li kev hnov ????lus, tuav lub zog, thiab kev taug kev nrawm, qhia tias magnesium muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev laus hauv lub cev. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntau dua 2,000 tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog 70 xyoo piv rau qib magnesium sib txawv nrog rau 10-xyoo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag thiab pom tias cov pab pawg uas qis tshaj magnesium muaj 2.2 npaug ntawm kev pheej hmoo tuag ntau dua li cov pab pawg uas muaj qib siab tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam no tsis tuaj yeem ua pov thawj ncaj qha rau qhov ua rau thiab cov txiaj ntsig, lawv txhawb kev sib koom ua ke ntawm magnesium thiab kev laus los ntawm cov pej xeem foundations.

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Lub luag haujlwm ntawm magnesium nyob rau hauv txoj kev taw qhia cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntawm tib neeg cov ntshav qabzib homeostasis. Tom qab cov tshuaj insulin khi rau nws cov receptor, nws ua rau nws tus kheej phosphorylation ntawm receptor, thiab ua kom muaj cov protein kinases xws li PI3K thiab AKT, thiab thaum kawg tswj cov kev qhia ntawm cov noob ntsig txog cov piam thaj metabolism. Ntau qhov kev sim tau pom tias magnesium ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv yuav luag txhua kauj ruam ntawm kev qhia cov tshuaj insulin. 1. Hauv islet beta hlwb, magnesium tsim MgATP complex nrog ATP los koom rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm insulin synthesis, ua thiab tso tawm. Hauv nas thiab nas beta cell kab, qis-magnesium nruab nrab txo cov piam thaj-stimulated insulin secretion ntau dua 70%. 2. Hauv cov hom phiaj insulin, tyrosine kinase kev ua ntawm insulin receptors nyob ntawm magnesium ions, thiab magnesium deficiency ua rau insulin receptor phosphorylation thiab downstream signal transduction obstruction, ua rau insulin tsis kam. Hauv 3T3-L1 adipocytes thiab L6 skeletal leeg hlwb, qis-magnesium nruab nrab txo qis insulin-stimulated qabzib uptake los ntawm 40% mus rau 60%. 3. Magnesium kuj koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm insulin rhiab heev los ntawm inhibiting protein phosphatase, tswj integrins qhia, cuam tshuam rau GLUT4 transporter kev ua si thiab lwm yam mechanisms. Qee qhov kev sim tsiaj tau pom tias kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo ntawm magnesium txhim kho cov tshuaj insulin hauv cov rog rog thiab hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib nas.

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Cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev kis kab mob kuj txhawb kev sib raug zoo ntawm magnesium thiab qabzib metabolism. Txoj Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, uas suav nrog ze li 70,000 tus poj niam hnub nyoog 45 xyoos tau ua raws li ntau tshaj 20 xyoo, pom tias cov neeg nyob hauv qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev noj zaub mov magnesium muaj 27% qis dua kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 ntau dua li cov qis tshaj quintile. Ib qho kev soj ntsuam ntawm 25 pawg kev tshawb fawb uas muaj ze li ntawm 1 lab tus neeg koom tau pom tias txhua txhua 100mg / hnub nce hauv kev noj zaub mov magnesium tau cuam tshuam nrog 8% mus rau 13% txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib. Hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas twb muaj lawm, txo cov ntshav magnesium hauv cov ntshav kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev kis kab mob thiab teeb meem. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntau dua 300 tus neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2 tau pom tias qib magnesium hauv cov ntshav tau txo qis hauv cov neeg mob plawv ntau dua li cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib ib leeg. Hauv kev xaus, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias magnesium supplementation tuaj yeem ncua kev laus los ntawm kev txhim kho cov tshuaj insulin.

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4. Magnesium deficiency thiab mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondria yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cellular zog metabolism thiab reactive oxygen hom (ROS) ntau lawm. Thaum lub sij hawm kev laus, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm mitochondrial electron thauj saw txo qis thiab ROS ntau lawm, ua rau mtDNA kev hloov, daim nyias nyias lipid peroxidation thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj, tsim lub voj voog vicious thiab ua kom cov cell aging. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias ib feem peb ntawm magnesium hauv lub cev yog khaws cia hauv mitochondria, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm mitochondrial qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm. Hauv nas daim siab mitochondria, cuaj ntawm 13 subunits ntawm adenosine triphosphatase xav tau magnesium ua cofactor. Hauv nas myocardial mitochondria, magnesium tsawg tuaj yeem txo qis cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes tseem ceeb hauv lub voj voog tricarboxylic acid, xws li isocitrate dehydrogenase thiab α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Hauv nas daim siab mitochondria, magnesium tsis muaj peev xwm txo tau ATP synthesis tus nqi ntau dua 60%, txo qis kev tswj kev ua pa, thiab nce ROS ntau lawm, ua rau muaj zog mtDNA kev puas tsuaj thiab kev hloov pauv. Magnesium supplementation tuaj yeem thim rov qab cov mitochondrial tsis ua haujlwm. Hauv tib neeg lub cev pob txha hlwb thiab cardiomyocytes, magnesium tsawg tuaj yeem ua rau mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm, ua rau qhib qhov mitochondrial permeability hloov pore (mPTP), ua rau tso tawm cytochrome C, thiab thaum kawg ua rau apoptosis. Nyob rau hauv tib neeg umbilical leeg endothelial hlwb, tsawg magnesium induces ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm mitochondrial ROS los ntawm activating protein kinase C, ua rau endothelial dysfunction. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntau tshaj 100 tus neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob metabolic pom tau tias cov qib magnesium hauv cov ntshav tau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua pa ntawm mitochondrial thiab cuam tshuam tsis zoo nrog mitochondrial ROS qib. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov pov thawj saum toj no qhia tias magnesium yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm mitochondrial homeostasis, thiab mitochondrial tsis ua haujlwm yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev laus.

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Thib tsib, kev tswj hwm lub luag haujlwm ntawm magnesium rau kev mob ntev thiab kev tiv thaiv kev laus Kev mob qis qis yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev laus. Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias cov theem ntawm inflammatory yam xws li IL-6 thiab TNF-α nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus tau nce zuj zus, thaum cov qib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cytokines xws li IL-10 yog txo, thiab cov mob inflammatory xeev tshwm sim los ntawm kev laus hu ua "inflammaging". Inflammatory aging tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas thiab lub cev tsis muaj zog, uas yog lub hauv paus pathological ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau pom tias qhov tsis muaj magnesium tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev mob tshwm sim thiab lub cev tsis muaj zog. Hauv kab lis kev cai nas macrophage, magnesium tsawg tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm NF-κB thiab txhawb kev tso tawm ntau yam mob. Hauv bronchial epithelial hlwb ntawm nas, qhov tso tawm ntawm IL-6 thiab IL-8 tuaj yeem nce los ntawm 2 mus rau 3 zaug los ntawm LPS stimulation nyob rau hauv qis magnesium ib puag ncig. Hauv tib neeg cov kab mob endothelial, cov magnesium uas tsis tshua muaj tuaj yeem ua rau p38 MAPK teeb liab txoj hauv kev, ua rau kev nthuav qhia ntawm intercellular adhesion molecules kom nce-tswj, thiab ua rau cov lus teb inflammatory. Hauv cov nas uas tsis muaj magnesium, qib ntawm TNF-α, CRP thiab interleukin hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg tau nce ntxiv, cov kab mob hauv lub cev tsis muaj zog, cov naj npawb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm T thiab B lymphocytes tau txo qis, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob hnyav dua. Magnesium supplementation tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob inflammatory thiab tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam kuj pom tau hais tias tsawg magnesium muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev mob ntev. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb hla ntawm ntau dua 5,000 tus neeg laus hauv Tebchaws Meskas pom tias cov ntshav magnesium concentration tau cuam tshuam tsis zoo nrog CRP thiab cov qe ntshav dawb suav, thiab CRP thiab IL-6 qib hauv qis tshaj quartile ntawm magnesium qib yog 60% thiab 40% siab dua li cov quartile siab tshaj. Qhov kev sib raug zoo tseem muaj zog dua hauv cov neeg rog. Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm 3,200 tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog 65 xyoos tau pom tias cov qib magnesium hauv cov ntshav tau zoo cuam tshuam nrog cov ntshav cell telomere ntev thiab tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog CRP thiab D-dimer qib. Ib qho kev soj ntsuam ntawm 25 randomized tswj kev sim nrog tag nrho cov qauv loj ntawm ntau dua 2,000 tus neeg pom tias qhov ncauj magnesium supplementation txo cov ntshav CRP los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 22%, TNF-α los ntawm 15%, thiab IL-6 los ntawm 18%. Yog li ntawd, magnesium supplementation yuav ncua lub cev laus los ntawm kev tiv thaiv inflammatory teebmeem.

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Kev tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo ntawm magnesium thiab autophagy Autophagy yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom cov cell degradation thiab tshem tawm cov proteins uas puas thiab cov organelles, thiab tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj cov homeostasis ntawm cellular ib puag ncig. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev ua haujlwm autophagy yog maj mam tsis muaj zog thaum lub sijhawm laus, thiab qhov tsis xws ntawm autophagy tuaj yeem ua rau cov protein sib sau ua ke, mitochondrial tsis ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam, thiab ua kom cov cell aging. Magnesium, ua tus xa xov thib ob, koom nrog hauv kev tswj kev pib thiab txheej txheem ntawm autophagy. Hauv cov poov xab, magnesium deficiency inhibits qhov kev qhia ntawm autophagy ntsig txog cov noob Atg1 thiab Atg13 los ntawm kev ua kom TORC1 qhia txoj hauv kev. Hauv cov tsiaj cov tsiaj, ib puag ncig magnesium tsawg tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov haujlwm ntawm ULK1, Beclin1 thiab lwm yam autophagy pib cov proteins, thiab thaiv kev tsim ntawm autophagosomes. Hauv tib neeg lub raum hlwb, magnesium ion chelating tus neeg sawv cev EDTA tuaj yeem cuam tshuam autophagy ntws. Kev sim hauv vitro tau pom tias lub cev muaj zog ntawm magnesium ions tuaj yeem ncaj qha khi thiab qhib Atg4, ib qho enzyme proteolytic tsim nyog rau autophagosome maturation. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsiaj kuj pom tau tias kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo ntawm magnesium tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob autophagy hauv cov neurons thiab cardiomyocytes, txhim kho kev txawj ntse thiab lub plawv systolic muaj nuj nqi. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj pov thawj ntawm kev kho mob ncaj qha, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm magnesium thiab autophagy. Magnesium qib tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog kev qhia ntawm autophagy cov cim Atg5 thiab Beclin1 hauv cov ntaub so ntswg hauv hlwb thiab peripheral ntshav mononuclear hlwb ntawm cov neeg mob Alzheimer's disease. Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, cov ntshav magnesium concentration yog ze rau qhov qhia txog qib ntawm autophagy ntsig txog cov noob LC3 thiab p62. Hauv kev xaus, magnesium zoo li yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kev laus los ntawm kev tswj autophagy. Tab sis nws cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau kawm ntxiv.

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7. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm Magnesium thiab plab hnyuv flora Txoj hnyuv plab yog ib qho tseem ceeb "organ" nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, uas plays ib tug irreplaceable lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev noj haus metabolism, kev tiv thaiv kab mob, neuroendocrine thiab lwm yam. Kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias kev hloov pauv hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab microbiota muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev laus. Piv txwv li, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov firmicutes thiab Bacteroides nyob rau hauv lub plab ntawm cov neeg laus tau txo qis, thaum qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm opportunistic pathogens xws li enterococcus thiab Staphylococcus nce. Qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub plab hnyuv, txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm cov kab mob inflammatory, thiab ua rau mob hnyav rau tag nrho lub cev.

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Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb nutrient substrate nyob rau hauv lub plab, magnesium tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem. Hauv cov nas uas tsis muaj kab mob, cov dej haus uas muaj magnesium tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo xws li bifidobacterium thiab Bacteroides, thiab txo cov plab hnyuv pH. Nyob rau hauv tus nas qauv ntawm colitis, magnesium supplementation mitigated plab hnyuv flora cuam tshuam thiab inhibited NF-κB activation nyob rau hauv lub inflammatory signaling txoj kev. Hauv kev sim tib neeg noj qab haus huv, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm bifidobacteria hauv cov quav tau nce tom qab 8 lub lis piam ntawm magnesium supplementation, thiab qib ntawm lipopolysaccharide, D-lactic acid thiab lwm yam kab mob metabolites poob. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev kho mob kuj tau pom tias qhov tsis txaus magnesium tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txoj hnyuv hauv plab, nce permeability, thiab tsim cov xwm txheej rau translocation ntawm enterogenic endotoxins.

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Magnesium kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem kev laus ntawm tus tswv los ntawm kev tswj cov kab mob metabolism. Piv txwv li, magnesium nkoos zus tau tej cov luv- saw fatty acids xws li Bifidobacterium activates G-protein-coupled receptor GPR43, uas inhibits rog-txog o thiab insulin tsis kam. Tsis tas li ntawd, magnesium tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov kua tsib kua qaub thiab tryptophan metabolism, thiab cov kab mob ntawm ob txoj hauv kev no cuam tshuam nrog kev laus thiab cov kab mob neurodegenerative. Hauv kev xaus, magnesium yuav tsum yog lub tswv yim tshiab rau ncua kev laus los ntawm kev kho cov hnyuv thiab tswj cov kab mob plab-hlwb-hlwb, tab sis nws cov teebmeem ntev yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej.

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Hauv cov ntsiab lus, ntau qhov kev sim thiab kev sib kis pov thawj qhia tau hais tias magnesium yog ib qho khoom noj tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv kev laus thiab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev ua neej ntev. Nws koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm kev laus los ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:

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Txawm hais tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm magnesium supplementation rau tib neeg lub neej tam sim no tsis muaj tseeb, cov pov thawj tsis ncaj qhia tias magnesium tuaj yeem pab ncua ntau yam kev laus phenotypes thiab txhim kho kev cia siab rau kev noj qab haus huv. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, yav tom ntej kev tshawb fawb cohort thiab randomized tswj kev sim yuav tsum tau ntxiv kom paub meej txog kev tiv thaiv kev laus los ntawm magnesium thiab nws cov koob tshuaj-zoo kev sib raug zoo, thiaj li muab pov thawj-raws li pov thawj rau kev tsim ntawm magnesium supplementation tswv yim. Tsis tas li ntawd, magnesium noj zaub mov zoo thiab kev xav tau ntawm cov pej xeem sib txawv tsis zoo ib yam, yog li kev tsim cov tshuaj magnesium ntxiv rau ib tus neeg kuj yog ib qho teeb meem ceev uas yuav tsum tau daws. Nws ntseeg tau tias nrog kev txhim kho cov tshuaj laus thiab khoom noj khoom haus, thaum kawg peb yuav nthuav tawm txhua qhov tsis meej ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog magnesium, thiab siv nws los tawm tsam kev laus thiab paub txog kev npau suav ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntev.

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