Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev yoo mov tau dhau los ua qhov nyiam tshiab ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv zej zog, kev yoo mov tau pom tias poob phaus thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm cov tsiaj, qhov tseeb, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias kev yoo mov muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig zoo, txhim kho metabolic kev noj qab haus huv, tiv thaiv lossis ncua cov kab mob uas tuaj nrog kev laus, thiab txawm tias qeeb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog.
Kev yoo mov tsis tu ncua, zoo li kev txwv caloric, tau pom tias yuav txuas ntxiv lub neej ntev thiab noj qab nyob zoo ntawm cov qauv tsiaj xws li poov xab, nematodes, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yoov, thiab nas. Hauv tib neeg, kev yoo mov tsis tu ncua thiab mus sij hawm ntev, nrog rau kev txwv tsis tu ncua caloric, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau yam kev noj qab haus huv uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv tshuab, thiab muaj cov pov thawj muaj zog uas autophagy kho cov teebmeem no.

Tsis tas li ntawd, spermidine (SPD) tau zoo sib xws nrog kev txhim kho autophagy, tiv thaiv kev laus, thiab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab cov kab mob neurodegenerative thoob plaws hom.

Thaum Lub Yim Hli 8, 2024, Cov Kws Tshawb Fawb los ntawm University of Graz hauv Austria, Sorbonne hauv Paris thiab University of Crete hauv tebchaws Greece tau luam tawm ib daim ntawv hu ua "Spermidine yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev yoo mov autophagy" nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal Nature Cell Biology thiab ntev "kev tshawb fawb ntawv.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias spermidine yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev hloov kho autophagy sai dua thiab lub neej ntev, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm lub neej ntev thiab kev noj qab haus huv ncua sij hawm los ntawm kev yoo mov hauv ntau hom yog ib feem ntawm spermidine-dependent eIF5A-hypusination hloov kho thiab tom qab induction ntawm autophagy.

Hauv cov tsiaj nyeg, kev txo qis hauv hnub nyoog ntawm autophagy flux txhawb kev sib sau ntawm cov protein aggregates thiab cov organelles ua haujlwm tsis zoo, nrog rau kev ua tsis tiav ntawm cov kab mob tshem tawm thiab nce qhov mob.

Inhibition ntawm autophagy ntawm qib genetic accelerated txheej txheem kev laus hauv nas. Kev poob ntawm kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv hauv cov noob uas tswj lossis ua autophagy tau cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob plawv, kab mob sib kis, kab mob neurodegenerative, thiab metabolic, musculoskeletal, qhov muag, thiab mob ntsws, ntau yam zoo li kev laus ntxov ntxov. Hauv qhov sib piv, autophagy stimulation ntawm qib caj ces txhawb kev ua neej ntev thiab noj qab nyob zoo hauv cov qauv tsiaj, nrog rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yoov thiab nas.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev siv cov tshuaj polyamine spermidine ntawm cov tsiaj ua qauv xws li cov poov xab, nematodes, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yoov, thiab nas yog lwm lub tswv yim los txuas ntxiv kev ua neej nyob rau hauv autophagy nyob ntawm seb. Tsis tas li ntawd, spermidine tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob autophagy hauv cov kab mob lymphocytes hauv cov neeg laus, uas zoo ib yam nrog kev soj ntsuam tias kev noj cov spermidine nce ntxiv yog cuam tshuam nrog txo tag nrho cov neeg tuag.

Spermidine yog ib hom polyamine ntuj uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau thiab ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias spermidine muaj tej yam yees siv thiab muaj zog los tiv thaiv kev laus.

Yog li, yoo mov, txwv tsis pub caloric, thiab spermidine ncua lub neej ntawm cov qauv tsiaj thiab ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv phylogenetically, autophagy nyob ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev laus thaum laus. Hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab no, pab pawg tshawb fawb tau tshawb fawb ntxiv seb puas muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob geriatric ntawm kev yoo mov tsis tu ncua cuam tshuam nrog lossis nyob ntawm spermidine.

Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias qib spermidine tau nce hauv cov poov xab, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yoov, nas thiab tib neeg nyob rau hauv kev sib txawv yoo mov lossis kev txwv caloric. Cov noob los yog cov tshuaj uas thaiv cov kab mob endogenous spermidine synthesis txo qis-induced autophagy hauv cov poov xab, nematodes, thiab tib neeg lub hlwb.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev cuam tshuam nrog txoj hauv kev polyamine hauv lub cev tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov cuam tshuam ntev ntawm kev yoo mov rau lub neej ntev thiab kev noj qab haus huv, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kev yoo mov ntawm lub plawv thiab tiv thaiv kev mob caj dab.

Mechanically, spermidine mediates cov teebmeem no los ntawm inducing autophagy thiab hypusination ntawm eukaryotic translation pib qhov tseem ceeb eIF5A. Lub polyamine-Hypusination axis yog phylogenetically conserved metabolic regulatory hub nyob rau hauv ceev-mediated autophagy li thiab lub neej extension.

Zuag qhia tag nrho, txoj kev tshawb fawb qhia tias kev txhim kho ntawm kev yoo mov ntawm kev ua neej nyob ntev thiab kev noj qab haus huv lub neej nyob rau hauv ntau hom yog ib feem ntawm spermidine-dependent eIF5A-hypusination hloov kho thiab tom qab induction ntawm autophagy.