Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog lub ntiaj teb kev rog rog nce ntxiv thiab cov qauv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib cuam tshuam rau cov neeg hluas zuj zus, "kev tswj ntshav qab zib" tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev noj qab haus huv pej xeem. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv qab zib, kev sib tw ntawm ib txwm sucrose thiab cov khoom qab zib hloov pauv sucralose yog qhov hnyav zuj zus - tus qub sawv cev rau cov khoom qab zib uas tau muab los ntawm qhov xwm txheej, thaum lub sijhawm kawg yog lub cim rau tib neeg txoj kev xav txog kev hloov pauv molecules. Lawv cov kev sib tw tsis yog tsuas yog kev ua si ntawm saj, tab sis kuj qhia txog lub zog nyuaj ntawm cov zaub mov kev nyab xeeb, kev tshawb fawb txog metabolic thiab kev lag luam.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Tshooj 1 Lub Qab Zib Revolution: Kev thev naus laus zis los ntawm cov teb qab zib mus rau cov chaw sim

Youdaoplaceholder0 1.1 Sucrose: Cov lej qab zib ntawm Xwm

Cov keeb kwm ntawm sucrose tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau Is Nrias teb nyob ib puag ncig 500 BC, thaum tib neeg thawj zaug rho tawm cov suab thaj crystalline los ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg yog cov qauv disaccharide ntawm qabzib thiab fructose (C??H??O??), ua cov khoom ntawm photosynthesis hauv cov nroj tsuag, muab lub zog ceev rau tib neeg.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ntau lawm logic : Qab zib / qab zib beet nias → purification → crystallization, nyob ntawm kev cog qoob loo thiab kev ua lub cev;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Tus nqi tseem ceeb: 4 calories ib gram, qab zib benchmark ntawm 1, lawm matched nrog saj bud receptors;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kab lis kev cai : Los ntawm "dawb kub" ntawm Rome thaum ub mus rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus ntsuj plig hauv kev ci niaj hnub no, qab zib pas nrig nqa tib neeg lub siab xav rau qhov qab zib.

Youdaoplaceholder0 1.2 Sucralose: Ib qho molecular-Modified qab zib xav

Xyoo 1976, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Tate & Lyle hauv tebchaws Askiv, thaum tsim cov tshuaj tua kab, nrhiav pom tias hloov peb pawg hydroxyl hauv sucrose molecule nrog cov tshuaj chlorine atom (C??H??Cl?O?) ua rau lub cev qab zib heev los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Qhov kev tshawb pom no tau ua rau Sucralose, ua rau lub sijhawm tshiab rau kev lag luam hloov piam thaj.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ntau lawm logic : Sucrose chlorination → tshuaj hloov kho → purification, nyob ntawm precision tshuaj synthesis;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Kev Ua Tau Zoo: 600 lub sij hawm sweeter dua sucrose, pes tsawg calories, tshav kub-resistant (tsim rau ci thiab sterilization ntawm dej haus);

Youdaoplaceholder0 Kev lag luam boom : Tom qab tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm FDA hauv 1998, sucralose sai sai ua lag luam tsis muaj piam thaj, nrog rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb ntau dua $ 1.8 nphom hauv 2022.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Tshooj 2 Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Controversy: Metabolic Mechanisms and Safety ciam teb

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.1 Qhov ob-edged ntaj nyhuv ntawm sucrose

Youdaoplaceholder0 Metabolic txoj kev : Sucrose → tawg hauv plab rau hauv qabzib + fructose → nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha rau lub zog los yog khaws cia ua rog.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Cov pov thawj txhawb nqa : Lub koom haum WHO pom zoo tias kev noj qab haus huv txhua hnub tsawg dua 10% ntawm tag nrho cov calories (kwv yees li 50 grams sucrose);

Youdaoplaceholder0 Risk Warning : Kev noj ntau dhau yog cuam tshuam nrog kev rog rog, cov hniav caries, insulin tsis kam, thiab 35 lab tuag los ntawm cov kab mob qab zib thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo.

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.2 Qhov Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb ntawm sucralose

Youdaoplaceholder0 Cov yam ntxwv ntawm metabolic : Cov molecule loj dhau los ua rau lub plab zom mov enzymes → nws raug tso tawm ncaj qha thiab tsis koom nrog lub zog metabolism.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Kev pom zoo : FDA, EFSA thiab JECFA tau txiav txim siab nws txoj kev nyab xeeb, nrog kev tso cai noj txhua hnub (ADI) ntawm 5mg / kg lub cev hnyav;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ua kom pom tseeb ntawm kev tsis sib haum:

Youdaoplaceholder0 Gut microbiota cuam tshuam : Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb 2018 hauv Xwm tau qhia tias sucralose tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm probiotics lossis exacerbate metabolic ntshawv siab;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Risk ntawm high-temperature decomposition : Chloropropanol (ib tug muaj peev xwm carcinogen) yuav raug tso tawm saum toj no 120 ° C, tab sis qhov tseeb ntau lawm nyob rau hauv ua noj ua haus yog tsis tshua muaj heev;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Sweetness dependence mentality : Kev noj los yog ua kom lub siab xav tau cov khoom noj qab zib ntev ntev ua rau muaj calorie ntau ntau.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Cov kws tshaj lij kev xav:

Artificial sweeteners tsis yog scapegoats rau cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis lawv tsis yog panacea ib yam. Qhov tseem ceeb yog kom nkag siab txog nws cov xwm txheej siv tau.

-- Dr. Sara Smith, xib fwb ntawm Nutrition ntawm Johns Hopkins University

Youdaoplaceholder0 Tshooj 3 Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Tshaj Tawm: Kev Sib Tw Qab Zib ntawm Kev Lag Luam Khoom Noj

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.1 Lub irreplaceability ntawm sucrose

Youdaoplaceholder0 Baking field : Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv caramelization (Maillard cov tshuaj tiv thaiv) muab cov khob cij golden crust thiab ib qho tshwj xeeb aroma. Sucralose tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv no thiab cov xim thiab cov tsw qab yuav tsum tau ntxiv;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Kev lag luam haus dej haus : Cov tsoos colas cia siab rau qhov hnyav qab zib ntawm sucrose. Kev ntsuas qhov muag tsis pom los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom pom tias cov piam thaj hloov pauv feem ntau raug thuam vim muaj "tsis muaj qab hau";

Youdaoplaceholder0 Kev Tawm Tsam Tawm : Cov khoom noj khoom haus qib siab tau hais kom siv cov sucrose ntuj thiab hais txog lub tswvyim ntawm "Clean Label".

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.2 Kev lag luam faj tim teb chaws ntawm sucralose

Youdaoplaceholder0 Cov dej qab zib tsis muaj qab zib : Hom zoo li Coke Zero thiab Yanki Forest tau ua tiav "zero-calorie myth" nrog sucralose, thiab kev lag luam tsis muaj piam thaj hauv Suav teb tau nce 25% hauv 2023;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig : Raws li cov khoom qab zib tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb rau ntshav qab zib thiab cov calories hloov zaub mov los daws qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov qab zib thiab calories;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Invisible penetration : Hauv thaj chaw uas tsis yog khoom noj xws li tshuaj txhuam hniav thiab tshuaj txheej, noj kom zoo dua ntawm nws cov kab noj hniav thiab kev ruaj ntseg.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Case: Pepsi-Cola lub tswv yim qab zib

Hauv 2021, PepsiCo tshaj tawm tias nws yuav txiav tawm aspartame hauv North American lag luam thiab hloov pauv mus rau cov qauv sucralose. Qhov kev txiav txim siab no tau ua rau 14% nce hauv kev muag khoom txhua xyoo ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam tsis muaj piam thaj, lees paub cov neeg siv khoom nyiam rau "kev hloov qab zib zoo dua".

Youdaoplaceholder0 Tshooj 4 Yav Tom Ntej Outlook: Cov evolution thiab coexistence ntawm sweeteners

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.1 Technology Iteration: Qhov Sawv ntawm Thib Peb Cov Khoom Qab Zib

Youdaoplaceholder0 Natural qab zib hloov : Stevia thiab mogroside tab tom txeeb lub lag luam high-end nrog "cog extract" daim ntawv lo;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Blending scheme ?: Cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm sucralose thiab erythritol, ntsuas qhov saj thiab kev noj qab haus huv;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Precision Sweet saj : AI-pab tsim qauv ntawm cov khoom qab zib tshiab molecules mimicking txoj kev metabolic thiab saj nkhaus ntawm sucrose.

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.2 Txhim kho cov neeg siv khoom paub

Youdaoplaceholder0 Scientific Qab Zib Tswj Tsev Kawm : Xaiv cov khoom qab zib raws li qhov chaw - sucrose rau kev noj qab haus huv ntxiv qab zib, khoom qab zib rau cov dej qab zib txhua hnub;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Natural fundamentalism ?: Tawm tsam tag nrho cov khoom siv dag zog los txhawb kev noj cov organic sucrose;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Gen Z contradiction : 87% ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav cov dej qab zib tsis muaj qab zib thiab txaus siab rau cov khoom noj qab zib siab zoo li mis nyuj tshuaj yej, qhia txog kev sib cais ntawm kev paub txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev zoo siab.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Xaus: Lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov qab zib yog kev xaiv

Hauv qhov kev ua si ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab kev tsim khoom, tsis muaj tus yeej. Sucrose sawv cev rau daim ntawv cog lus tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg thiab xwm txheej, thiab sucralose qhia txog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv tshuab los hloov lub neej. Thaum peb khaws ib lub khob haus dej rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub khw muag khoom txee, qhov peb xaiv tsis yog tsuas yog qab zib xwb, tab sis kuj yog kev pov npav rau kev noj qab haus huv, kev coj ncaj ncees thiab kev lag luam. Tej zaum qhov tseeb scientific txawj ntse nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab: qhov kawg ntawm qab zib tsis yog hloov, tab sis sib npaug.