teapolyphenols (TPs) yog ib lo lus dav dav rau polyhydroxyphenolic tebchaw hauv tshuaj yej, suav nrog flavanols (catechins), flavandiols, flavonoids thiab phenolic acids. Catechins yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv tshuaj yej polyphenols, suav txog li 60% txog 80% ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj yej polyphenols. Lawv feem ntau muaj 8 monomers, suav nrog epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, gallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, catechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin thiab epicatechin.

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm tshuaj yej ua, polyphenol oxidase thiab peroxidase oxidize catechins kom tau txais thearubin, theaflavin thiab theaflavin peb tshuaj yej pigments. Cov TPs no tsis tsuas yog muab cov tshuaj yej nws txoj kev saj thiab xim, tab sis kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.

Niaj hnub no, thaum nrhiav kev txhim kho kev lag luam zoo, tib neeg kuj xav txog kev txhim kho ntsuab thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev rog, yog li cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv lawv hauv tshuaj thiab zaub mov.

Hauv cov tshuaj, cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv cov tshuab xa khoom los tiv thaiv cov tshuaj yooj yim degradable thiab txhim kho lawv cov bioavailability; Tsis tas li ntawd, tshuaj yej polyphenols tau ua ke nrog cov proteins thiab polysaccharides los ua cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tshiab thiab tshuaj, uas yog siv rau kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tiv thaiv kev ua xua, tiv thaiv kab mob, tswj lub qhov ncauj noj qab haus huv thiab tswj lipid metabolism.

Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog zaub mov, tshuaj yej polyphenols feem ntau yog ua ke nrog polysaccharides, cov proteins, thiab lwm yam, los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov molecules los txhim kho kev hnov ????lus zoo ntawm cov zaub mov, ncua lub sij hawm cia khoom noj, thiab ua cov khoom ntim khoom noj. Raws li qhov no, peb tau tham txog daim ntawv thov kev tshawb fawb ntawm tshuaj yej polyphenols hauv kev ua zaub mov thiab tshuaj, txhawm rau muab kev siv rau kev tshawb fawb tob tob ntawm tshuaj yej polyphenols hauv zaub mov thiab tshuaj.

1.Lub cev thiab tshuaj muaj zog ntawm tshuaj yej polyphenols

Tshuaj yej polyphenols yog muab los ntawm cov tshuaj yej nplooj thiab yog ib tug sib tov ntawm organic polyhydroxyl tebchaw, xws li catechins, anthocyanins, flavononls thiab phenolic acids, thiab lwm yam. Lub ntsiab antioxidant tivthaiv yog catechins. Ntawm lawv, epigallocatechin gallate accounted rau 50% mus rau 60%, epicatechin gallate accounted rau 15% mus rau 20%, epigallocatechin accounted rau 10% mus rau 15%, gallatechin accounted rau 6% mus rau 8% thiab epicatechin accounted rau 4% mus rau 6%. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, tshuaj yej polyphenols yog lub teeb daj los yog lub teeb ntsuab hmoov, astringent saj, muaj zog acid kuj, ruaj khov nyob rau hauv pH 2 ~ 7; Tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj qee yam hygroscopicity thiab yooj yim hloov xim hauv alkaline ib puag ncig.

2.Biological kev ua ntawm tshuaj yej polyphenols

Tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no xws li tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv, EGCG muaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv catechins thiab plays lub luag haujlwm antioxidant. Cov dej num lom neeg los ntawm pawg phenolic hydroxyl hauv tshuaj yej polyphenols, uas ua si sib txawv lom neeg hauv ntau hom zaub mov. Cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb no ua rau tshuaj yej polyphenols dav siv hauv cov zaub mov.

Kev siv tshuaj yej polyphenols hauv cov khoom noj

1.Kev txuag zaub mov thiab khaws cia

Tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem siv dav hauv kev khaws cia khoom noj thiab khaws cia, nws cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov zaub mov oxidation discoloration, txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cellulose, thiab tiv thaiv cov as-ham hauv cov zaub mov.

2. Hloov cov hluavtaws antioxidants

Nrog rau kev them nyiaj rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov, tshuaj yej polyphenols maj mam hloov cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidants raws li ntuj antioxidants. Nws tuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog rau tsiaj thiab zaub roj, cov khoom siv nqaij, cov khoom siv dej, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub zaub, thiab lwm yam, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv pastry, khoom qab zib thiab lwm yam. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant ntawm tshuaj yej polyphenols yog thawj zaug siv rau hauv cov khoom noj rog thiab oily. Vim muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm phenol hydroxyl ntawm lub nplhaib benzene ntawm catechins los muab hydrogen, nws muaj peev xwm txo qis thiab dhau los ua ib qho zoo tshaj plaws antioxidant rau cov rog.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative ntawm cov tshuaj yej polyphenols yog tias cov active phenol hydroxyl pab pawg, raws li ib tug hydrogen pub, khi rau cov dawb pab pawg neeg ntawm fatty acids, cuam tshuam cov saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm fatty acid oxidation, thiab yog li inhibits tsim hydroperoxide. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj yej muaj roj-soluble polyphenols tuaj yeem chelate nrog cov kab sib txawv ntawm cov hlau hauv cov roj, kom nws poob cov haujlwm catalytic thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob dawb radical los ntawm qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, pawg phenol hydroxyl nws tus kheej yog yooj yim oxidized, uas txo cov pa oxygen hauv cov roj thiab ncua cov roj oxidation.

3.Functional food development

Tshuaj yej polyphenols qhia tau hais tias muaj peev xwm loj hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom noj khoom haus, thiab nws cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb txiav txim siab tias nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov dawb radicals. Tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj peev xwm REDOX tsawg, polyo-phenol hydroxyl pab pawg tuaj yeem muab hydrogen los cuam tshuam lossis txiav tawm cov kab mob dawb radicals, thiab nws cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb txiav txim siab tias nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov dawb radicals. Tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem qhib qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov dawb radicals, thiab inhibit zus tau tej cov dawb radicals los ntawm inhibiting oxidation-inducing hloov hlau ions ntawm lub oxidase system. Raws li ntuj dawb radical scavenger, tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv tib neeg. Txawm hais tias Tuam Tshoj tseem nyob hauv nws cov me nyuam mos hauv daim teb no, nws muaj kev cia siab dav rau kev txhim kho yav tom ntej.

4.Daim ntawv thov hauv kev khaws cia cov khoom noj nqaij thiab cov khoom hauv dej

Cov kab mob uas tshwm sim hauv cov khoom noj nqaij yog pseudomonas, Enterobacter, staphylococcus thiab salmonella, thiab cov kab mob tseem ceeb ua rau cov khoom lwj hauv dej yog cov kab mob pseudomonas. Tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kab mob, ua kom cov oxidation ntawm cov rog, ncua kev deterioration, yog li txuas ntxiv cov khoom tshiab ntawm cov nqaij thiab cov khoom hauv dej.

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, tshuaj yej polyphenols hauv nqaij npuas, nqaij nyug, mutton thiab lwm yam khoom siv nqaij thiab ntau yam ntses hlais, surimi, ntses pob thiab cws thiab lwm yam khoom hauv dej tau tshaj tawm ib qho tom qab, yog ib qho zoo tagnrho cov khoom noj tshiab. Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qhov siab dua ntawm cov tshuaj yej polyphenol preservation tov, qhov zoo dua qhov inhibition nyhuv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov nqaij thiab cov khoom hauv dej, tab sis cov tshuaj yej polyphenols yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov kev xav ntawm cov nqaij, ua rau cov xim ntawm cov nqaij. Tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm ntau hom kab mob, tab sis nws cov txheej txheem tsis meej.

5.Application nyob rau hauv txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub preservation

Kev tswj kom zoo dua ntawm cov dej tsis zoo los ntawm cov kab mob tsis zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo puas; Tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj cov nyhuv antioxidant, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb oxidative kev puas tsuaj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, tswj cov kev ua ntawm polyphenol oxidase, thiab qhib kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tshuaj yej polyphenol molecules muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm active phenolic hydroxyl pawg, uas yuav ncaj qha muab cov hydrogen nyob rau hauv lub molecules rau vitamin C nyob rau hauv txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, thiaj li hais tias nws muaj peev xwm tswj lub xeev txo thiab txo cov vitamin C.

Qhov qis qis ntawm cov tshuaj yej polyphenols txau los yog coated rau saum npoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab zaub tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob kev loj hlob thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej tshiab ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Cov txheej txheem khaws cia tshiab yog qhov nyuaj, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb sib txawv nrog ntau hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Tsis tas li ntawd, tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm tom qab lub sijhawm ripening ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, vim tias nws muaj kev cuam tshuam qeeb ntawm biochemical kev ua ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem khaws cia ntawm cov tshuaj yej polyphenols rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub sib txawv tsis yog tib yam, thiab qhov xav tau ntau npaum li cas thiab siv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom sib txawv txawv, uas tseem xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.

Kev siv tshuaj yej polyphenols hauv tshuaj

1, tiv thaiv oxidation thiab tiv thaiv hluav taws xob

Vim tias nws cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb, tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog antioxidant, uas yog ntau tshaj li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidants xws li VC, VE thiab cov khoom siv dag zog BHT, BHA thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, tshuaj yej polyphenols tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov teeb meem dawb radicals, txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab catechin derivatives tseem tuaj yeem txo cov toxicity ntawm cov hlau hnyav ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, yog li nws tseem hu ua "radiation busters".

2.Hemostatic muaj nuj nqi

Tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj antioxidant thiab antibacterial kev ua ub no, yog li ntawd lawv muaj peev xwm inhibit oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab cov kab mob reproduction ntawm lub qhov txhab ntawm lub qhov txhab, txhawb kev tsim ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv vitro thiab cov deposits ntawm collagen, activates cov ntshav liab thiab neutrophils, thiab sai sai nres los ntshav. Proteins, coagulation yam, platelets thiab fibrin nyob rau hauv lub qhov txhab ua ke nrog tshuaj yej polyphenols los tsim coagulation Cheebtsam thiab ua kom lub qhov txhab zoo.

3. Kev kho mob antitumor

Tshuaj yej polyphenols, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog catechin derivatives, muaj kev tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv thiab tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem lipid peroxidation, tswj thiab txhim kho cov enzyme kev ua haujlwm hauv tib neeg lub cev, thiab qhia cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kho kho mob plab, mob plab thiab lwm yam kab mob.

4, txo cov ntshav lipids, inhibit atherosclerosis

Tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov nce ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav plasma thiab daim siab, muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov lipid compounds los ntawm cov quav, tsis tsuas yog tuaj yeem tiv thaiv atherosclerosis, tab sis kuj muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev poob phaus. Ntawm lawv, EGCG thiab lwm yam catechins tswj cov lipid metabolism los ntawm inhibiting qhov nqus ntawm cov as-ham hauv plab hnyuv, tswj kev tsim cov rog rog thiab lipids, tswj cov hnyuv, thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj insulin.

5. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv

Tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo thiab kho cov teebmeem ntawm cov kab mob plawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv inhibition ntawm atherosclerosis los ntawm cov roj cholesterol siab thiab cov ntsiab lus triglyceride. Tsis tas li ntawd, tshuaj yej polyphenols tseem tuaj yeem pab tswj thiab txo cov ntshav siab thiab tswj cov piam thaj metabolism kom txo cov ntshav qab zib.

6.Anti-oxidation thiab anti-aging

Tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov dawb radicals ntau dhau hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab ua rau cov laus ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant ntawm tshuaj yej polyphenols muaj zog dua VE, thiab nws zoo dua thaum ua ke nrog VC thiab VE.

7. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob

Nws tau raug pov thawj tias tshuaj yej polyphenols tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob cariogenic thiab txo cov quav hniav thiab cov kab mob hauv lub cev.

8.Antibacterial thiab antiviral

Polyphenols tuaj yeem ua rau cov protein ntau ntawm tes, denaturate thiab deactivate cell protein. Siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm antibacterial thiab antiviral tshuaj yej polyphenols, catechins tau siv nyob rau hauv cov cua txias txawv teb chaws. EGCG hauv TPs tuaj yeem khi rau lipid daim nyias nyias ntawm cov kab mob thiab cuam tshuam cov folate metabolism ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm inhibiting cytoplasmic enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, yog li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kab mob.