Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm gluten hmoov yog nplej gluten thiab cawv soluble protein, nrog rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, roj, cov zaub mov, thiab lwm yam (Table 1). Nplej gluten yog ib qho protein uas tsim los ntawm polymerization ntawm polypeptide bonds los ntawm cov ntawv cog lus intermolecular disulfide. Nws muaj ib tug loj molecular hnyav, yog fibrous, thiab heev cross-linked nyob rau hauv ib tug branching yam. Nws cov qauv tsis sib xws, thiab cov molecule muaj ntau β - folded qauv, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv glutamine (Gln) thiab cysteine ??(Cys). Alcohol soluble protein yog monomeric protein nrog ib qho hnyav molecular ntawm kwv yees li 35 kD, spherical nyob rau hauv cov duab, insoluble nyob rau hauv dej thiab anhydrous ethanol, tab sis soluble nyob rau hauv 70% mus rau 80% ethanol tov. Nws cov yam ntxwv yog tias nws muaj ntau dua proline thiab amide, ntau cov tsis-polar side chains dua li cov kab nruab nrab ntawm sab qaum teb, tsis muaj cov qauv subunit nyob rau hauv lub molecule, thiab tsis muaj disulfide bonds ntawm peptide chains. Ib leeg peptide chains yog txuas nrog hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic bonds, thiab intramolecular disulfide bonds, tsim ib tug compact peb-dimensional qauv. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej qis pH, cov kua dej cawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub hom raws li lawv cov kev txav mus los ntawm electrophoretic: alpha, beta, gamma, thiab omega. Ntawm lawv, alpha cawv soluble proteins muaj lub siab tshaj plaws fluidity, thaum omega cawv soluble proteins muaj qhov phem tshaj fluidity.

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