1. Txoj kev rho tawm ncaj qha

Xylitol yog thawj zaug cais tawm ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm ntoo qhib los ntawm German kws tshawb fawb Hermann Emil Fischer hauv xyoo 1890. Xylitol ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv raw hauv cov nroj tsuag, xws li txiv pos nphuab, plums daj, zaub paj, thiab lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub (300-935 mg / 100 g qhuav hnyav). Cov kuab tshuaj extraction tuaj yeem siv los ncaj qha rho tawm xylitol los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cog qoob loo, tab sis cov ntsiab lus ntawm xylitol muaj tsawg hauv cov khoom siv cog xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Txawm hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm xylitol hauv apricot plums siab dua lwm cov khoom siv cog, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm xylitol hauv cov plums ntsuab suav txog li 1% ntawm qhov hnyav qhuav, ncaj qha rho tawm xylitol los ntawm lawv yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, siv lub zog loj, thiab muaj cov nqi ntau lawm.

2. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj synthesis

Hauv xyoo 1970, Finland yog thawj tus siv chromatography cais D-xylose los ntawm ntau yam ntoo hemicelluloses. Tom qab ntawd, D-xylose raug txo kom xylitol nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, kev kub siab, thiab hydrogen catalysis, thiab tsim rau hauv ib qho kev lag luam xylitol ntau lawm.

Xylitol tuaj yeem raug txo ncaj qha mus rau D-xylose ntshiab los ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis, los yog synthesized los ntawm lignocellulosic biomass nplua nuj nyob rau hauv xylose. Kev tsim cov xylitol ob qho tib si hauv tsev thiab thoob ntiaj teb feem ntau siv cov khoom siv raw uas nplua nuj nyob rau hauv pentose polysaccharides, xws li tej yam ntuj tso nplej straw, nplej, pob kws stover, pob kws cob, thiab lwm yam, uas yog pretreated los ntawm acid hydrolysis (xws li HCI, HSO), thiab ces purified los ntawm hemicellulose feem. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug catalyst, lub xylose undergoes hydrogenation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

3. Biological transformation method

Cov txheej txheem biotechnology suav nrog kev siv dej ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb pov tseg uas muaj pentose qab zib (xws li pob kws cobs, bagasse, thiab txiv ntseej pomace) nrog dilute acid kom tau xylose hydrolysate, uas tom qab ntawd txo qis rau xylitol los ntawm cov kab mob. Kev siv cov microbial fermentation ntawm hemicellulose hydrolyzate los tsim xylitol muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, tsis tshua muaj kuab paug, thiab cov khoom lag luam txhim khu kev qha, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm qis dua lwm txoj hauv kev kom tau txais cov polyol no.

Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm xylitol yog qhov ntev, tab sis ntau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau tuav kom ntseeg tau tias xylitol cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab kev vam meej ntawm kev tsim khoom. Qhov no yog hu ua kev sib koom tes. Thaum ntau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tau ua tiav, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim xylitol tau tuav.

?