Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) b? ?d? nke ukwuu polymeric eriri ether nwetara site kem?kal? mgbanwe nke eke cellulose. Ihe nhazi ya b? nke D-glucose unit jik?tara ya na β (1→4) glucoside bond. A na-agbaze ya na mmiri oyi iji mep?ta ngw?ta viscous. The viscosity nke ngw?ta na-met?tara vitamin raw material DP (elu, ?kara, ala), na ?ta na mgbasa ?n?d?, d? ka ihe at?: igbari na itinye akwa shear ike na ngw?ta, ma ? b?r? na CMC d? ala DS, ma ? b? nn?chi nkesa na-ezigh? ezi, mgbe ah?, a na-emep?ta mkpok?ta gel; N'aka nke ?z?, ? b?r? na a na-ekesa DS d? elu na ngbanwe nke ?ma, a na-emep?ta ngw?ta na-enwegh? at? na otu.

Ihe nd? ?z? nwere ike ?gbanwe solubility na viscosity nke ngw?ta CMC b? okpom?k?, PH, nnu, shuga ma ? b? polymers nd? ?z?.

Mmet?ta okpom?k?:
Mgbe okpom?k? nke ngw?ta CMC na-abawanye, viscosity nke ngw?ta na-ebelata (d? ka e gosiri na Figure 1). Otú ? d?, n'ihe banyere obere oge okpom?k?, mgbe okpom?k? na-adaba na okpom?k? mb?, ngw?ta nwere ike weghachite viscosity mb?. ? b?r? na okpom?k? okpom?k? na oge d? ogologo (d?ka 125 ℃, 1 hour), viscosity nke ngw?ta na-ebelata n'ihi mmebi nke cellulose. ?n?d? a, d? ka nri disinfection na-eme
Mmet?ta PH:
Maka CMC, ngw?ta, PH acidic, d? nn?? nro, n'ihi na CMC-NA ga-agbanwe na CMC-H, enwegh? ike ime. Iji ch?kwaa ezigbo solubility nke CMC na mgbasa ozi acidic, a na-ejikar? ya agbaze na DS d? elu (0.8-0.9) na tupu ?gbakwunye acid.

Mmet?ta nnu: CMC b? ?d? anionic, nwere ike imeghachi ya na nnu iji mep?ta nnu CMC soluble, nnu bivalent ma ? b? trivalent, wee kwalite nhazi nke netw?k ma ? b? obere, ma ? b? mee ka mbelata viscosity CMC, ma ? b? mee ka gelation ma ? b? mmiri ozuzo, ma ? b?r? na CMC na-agbaze na mmiri, wee tinye nnu, mmet?ta d? ntak?r?.

Mmet?ta nke ihe nd? ?z?:
A na-ebutekwa mgbanwe site na mgbakwunye nke ?f?d? ihe mgbaze, ma ? b? nd? ?z? d? ka shuga, starches na ch?ng?m.

Njirimara nd? ?z?:
CMC aqueous ngw?ta b? thixotropic. Ihe ngw?ta mmiri CMC na-egosip?ta omume pseudoplastic na ?n? ?g?g? d? elu. Ya mere, dabere na ?n? ?g?g? shear, ngw?ta CMC d? elu nwere ike ?gh? viscosity d? ala kar?a ngw?ta CMC nke ?kara-viscosity.
Ngwa nke CMC na nri

A na-ejikar? CMC-Na eme ihe na nri d? ka onye na-agba ume, stabilizer, wdg, ma nwee ike inye aka nweta nhazi nhazi nke ch?r?, yana ihe nd? a ch?r?. N'ihi ?t?t? ?r? nd? a, a na-eji CMC eme ihe na ?l? ?r? nri, nke a na-ebute ugbu a n'ime ihe nd? a:

Nke mb?, ihe eji meghar?a ?n? oyi kp?nw?r? - ice cream - mmiri shuga sorbet

Na ngwaah?a oyi kp?nw?r?, ekwes?r? ?gbakwunye stabilizer iji mee ka nhazi ngwaah?a ah? kw?sie ike na oriri. N'ime ?t?t? stabilizers, CMC b? ihe a na-ejikar? eme ihe maka ice cream na ngwaah?a nd? ?z? j?r? oyi. Ihe kpatara ya b? na, nke mb?, mgbe CMC na-agbasas? nke ?ma, ? nwere ike ?gbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri, mep?ta viscosity ach?r?, ma nwee ike ?ch?kwa mgbasawanye nke ?ma. Nke abuo, CMC, d? ka nd? ?z? stabilizers, nwere ike ijikwa guzobe nke ice kristal, na-edobe otu na-agbanwe agbanwe nzuk?, na-an?gide na-enwe nkw?si ike mgbe ngwaah?a na-echekwara, ?b?na ma ? b?r? na ? na-ugboro ugboro oyi / gbazee. A na-eji CMC mee ihe n'obere ?n? ma na-enye ihe nd? d? mma (ederede na uto).

N'ime ?d? ice cream na mmiri ara ehi d? obere, a na-ak? CMC na 10-15% carrageenan iji gbochie nkewa nke ngwak?ta tupu aj? oyi. Site na mbelata nke ab?ba ab?ba, ?n??g? CMC na-abawanye nke ?ma, enwere ike nweta ihe owuwu na-am? am? na nke na-am? am?.

A p?kwara iji CMC d? ka ihe nkw?nye ume maka ??? ihe ????? mkp?r? osisi na-enye ume ?h?r?. Na mmiri shuga sorbet, CMC nwere ike ?hap? ísì ma belata mmet?ta nke nkpuchi agba na ekpomeekpo.

Na ngwaah?a mmiri ara ehi oyi kp?nw?r? d? ka ngwak?ta ak?r?, ihe d?ka 0.2% CMC stabilizer nwere ike ?gbakwunye, na na sirop, ?n??g? CMC nwere ike ?d? elu d? ka 0.75 ~ 1%. N'ozuzu, ?n??g? CMC agbakwunyere d?gas? iche na ihe nd? d? na ngwaah?a oyi kp?nw?r?. Na mba ?f?d?, a na-eji ihe ?k?k? eme ihe kama ab?ba mmiri ara ehi, a na-eji nri nd? na-at? ?t? d? ka sorbitol eme ihe kama iji sugar na ice cream, na CMC nwekwara ike iji.

Ab??, nri esiri esi

Ngwongwo eghe na-ag?nye ?t?t? ?d?: d?ka ach?cha p?r? iche, ach?cha d? iche iche, pies, fritters na nd? ?z?.

Na mmep?ta nke ach?cha, ach?cha na ngwaah?a nd? ?z?, b? mgwakota agwa d? ka isi ihe, n'ihi na CMC ozugbo, nwere ike ngwa ngwa jik?tara d? iche iche Efrata, ngwa ngwa nweta nnyapade mgwakota agwa. N'?n?d? ?f?d?, iji CMC na-edozi ihe nd? na-emep?ta ihe, ?t?t? n'ime mmiri ka a ga-agbakwunye ?z?, kwa gram nke CMC, mmiri n'etiti 20 ruo 40, ?n??g? CMC d?gas? iche na ngwaah?a ah?, n'ozuzu 0.1 ruo 0.4% nke siri ike.

Mgbakwunye nke CMC na ngwaah?a esi nri nwere ike ime ka ?d? n'otu nke mgwakota agwa na nkesa nke ihe oriri, d? ka mkp?r? va?n ma ? b? kristal. Enwere ike kesaa ihe nd? a n'otu n'otu na ngwaah?a mgbe ? na-esi nri.

N'?t?t? ?n?d?, enwere ike idobe mmiri agbakwunyere n'oge a na-eme ach?cha iji nweta ngwaah?a d? nro, ?b?lagodi ?b?ch? ole na ole, ya mere CMC nwere ike belata ?ka nká nke ngwaah?a. N'ihi na ime ime nwere ihe nd? ?z? d? nro, ? na-egosikar? mm?ba nke ngwaah?a ngwaah?a.

CMC nwere ike imeziwanye usoro an? ah? nke ndochi, mgbakwunye na icing, ebe ? na-ezere mbelata akp?r? ?kp? nk? nke ndochi yana ?ch?kwa icing nke kristal shuga. Na ngwaah?a d? nro, CMC maka nkw?si ike nhazi, enwere ike iji ya naan? ya, enwere ike iji ya na mgbakwunye nd? ?z?.
3. Ihe ????? d? nro

A na-eji CMC eme ihe n'?t?t? ihe ????? d? nro iji mee ka ihe ????? na-esi ísì ?t?, meziwanye uto na udidi, wep? nguzobe nke mgbanaka mman? n'ime ?kp?, na chebe ihe ?t? na-ad?gh? mma nke ihe ?t?.

Mmet?ta nke CMC na ihe ????? na-ejik?ta ya na usoro d? iche iche, d? ka ?d? CMC, viscosity, CMC ojiji, ?d? ihe ????? d? nro na ihe oriri.

N'ozuzu, usoro mgbakwunye na homogenization nke ihe eji eme ihe na-enwe mmet?ta d? nta na nkw?si ike. N'okwu ?z?, a na-agbakwunye CMC, ?kacha mma na njedebe nke mmep?ta. Nke a na-eme ka nkw?si ike d?kwuo mma.

? b? ezie na viscosity anagh? ab?kar? ihe na-akpata nkwusioru ihe ?????, a na-egosip?takar? ya na ihe ????? 25°Brix d? nfe ma d? mfe iji kw?sie ike kar?a n'ihe ????? nd? nwere ike ??? ihe ????? na 7-10% soluble solids.

4. Ngwaah?a mmiri ara ehi

Enwere ?d? ngwaah?a ab??: ngwaah?a na-an?p? iche, d? ka ude eji meghar?a ?n?; Ngwaah?a acidic, d? ka ihe ????? yog?t.

Na-an?p? iche ngwaah?a: CMC nwere ike na-agbakwunyere na-eme ka a d?gas? iche iche nke d? iche iche ?d?d? nke eji meghar?a ?n? ude, CMC nwere ike iwep? akp?r? ?kp? nk? nke starch, carrageenan ma ? b? CMC carrageenan, n'ihi ya, ? nwere ike na-echekwa ike p?a ude ude.

Yogurt: A na-eji CMC eme yog?t, nke a na-ah?kar?, n'ihi ?d?d? anionic ya, nke na-enye ohere ka casein meghachi omume na PH isoelectric point range (PH4.6) iji mep?ta ?gw?gw? okpom?k? soluble na ebe nchekwa nchekwa. Ya mere, enwere ike imep?ta ngwaah?a d? iche iche ma kw?sie ike: d? ka mmiri ara ehi utoojoo, ihe ?????, mmiri ara ehi, mmiri ara ehi, ihe ????? mmiri ara ehi, wdg.

Ekwes?r? itinye nlebara anya p?r? iche iji nweta nkw?si ike d? mma. Nke mb?, a ga-ekpebi ?n??g? CMC agbakwunyere. Nke a met?tara ?d? CMC (n'otu nha nha nha, nkw?si ike nke ?d? viscosity d? elu ka mma); N'ihe met?tara oke ?d?naya casein; Njik? na uru PH nke ihe ?????; N'ihe gbasara gbaa ?ka ma ? b? ?n?d? acidification, ? nwere ike ?mep?ta ?t?t? ma ? b? obere nch?k?ta casein. The agbanwe agbanwe nke ngwaah?a met?tara CMC ruru, ab?ba, siri ike okwu, na-met?tara n'ibu ?gw?gw?, d? ka homogenization n'okpuru nr?gide, nke nwere ike ibelata agbanwe agbanwe ma ? d?gh? emet?ta nkw?si ike.

Ude mmiri ara ehi, mmiri ara ehi utoojoo, ude cheese jam, wdg, nwekwara ike ?gbakwunye CMC stabilization.

CMC na protein nd? ?z? nwekwara ike ?mep?ta ogige soluble, d? ka protein soy, gelatin.

Nri salad na jam d? iche iche

A na-eji CMC eme ihe mgbakwasa salad, ? d?kwa mfe ?mep?ta emulsion, kar?s?a ma ? b?r? na echekwara ya ogologo oge n'okpuru ?n?d? okpom?k? na-ad?gh? mma, nke nwere ike imeziwanye nkw?si ike ya.

Dabere na nkwek? ach?r? na ?d?naya mman?, jiri ?kara viscosity ma ? b? nnukwu viscosity CMC, ego ah? d? n'etiti 0.5-1%. A na-emep?ta ihe mgbakwasa salad site na iji nway?? nway?? na-agbakwunye mman? na mmiri mmiri CMC ma kpalie ya. Enwere ike ?me usoro a na-ar? ?r? ozugbo, gwak?ta ihe nd? ah? nke ?ma, gbasaa na mmiri na nd?d? ma ? b? whisk, kpalie maka nkeji ole na ole, jiri nway?? nway?? tinye mman? na-emep?ta emulsion. Mgbe CMC na-ad?gh? edozi na usoro ah?, a na-agbasa ya na mman?, n'okpuru ?r? nke ike ?kwa akwa, mgbe mmiri mmiri nwere ihe nd? ?z? (d? ka nkochi ime akwa, mmanya mmanya, nnu ...). Mgbe emulsification na-etolitekwa.

Enwere ike iji CMC mee jam d? iche iche d? ka nri efere oyi kp?nw?r? akp?nw?. N'ihi njirimara nke CMC, enwere ike ?mep?ta usoro d? iche iche
(d? nro, ogologo ma ? b? mkp?mkp?), kar?s?a, ? nwere ikike ?m?nye mmiri ma gbochie akp?r? ?kp? nk? na ?da mbà n'obi mgbe ? na-agbaze ma na-ekpo ?k? na oven.

Na ihendori tomato, a na-agbakwunye CMC iji nye nkw?si ike na nhazi a ch?r?. Usoro onunu ogwu b? 0.5-1%, nke na-ebelata ka ?n??g? tomato M na-eji na-abawanye.

6. Tie ihe nd? na-esi ísì ?t?

Enwere ike iji CMC mee ihe d? ka stabilizer maka an? ah? r?r? (pore) ngwaah?a, site na nkw?si ike nke mmet?ta nke echiche, HPC ?f?f? mmet?ta b? magburu onwe ya, mgbe ya na akwukwo nri ab?ba ?n? na-eme ka ?f?f? emeju, mmet?ta d? nn?? mma.

Mmet?ta nkw?si ike ya kachas? d? ?r?ba ama b? igbochi njik? nke caking na ab?ba ab?ba, igbochi stratification nke usoro mmiri mmiri n'oge nchekwa, yana igbochi shrinkage na akp?r? ?kp? nk?.

8. Ngwa nd? ?z?

Ngwa CMC nd? ?z?:
Uru calorific nke CMC d? ala. Ya mere, a na-eji CMC eme ngwaah?a nd? nwere obere kalori.

Na nri ngwa ngwa, CMC na-agbaze ngwa ngwa, na-enye ?f?d? ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe na nhazi, nke nwere ike ?kw?s?t? ak?k? ?f?d?, d? ka k?f? na ihe ????? chocolate.

N'ime ngwaah?a an?, a na-eji CMC eme ihe d? ka ihe na-esi ísì ?t? maka ?w?sa gravy na igbochi nkewa ab?ba. ? nwekwara mmet?ta njik? na njide mmiri iji gbochie mbelata nke an? soseji.