Ndokwa ?l? ?gw? nke Citicoline na-enwe mgbanwe d? mkpa n'ezie, na-eji nway?? nway?? na-esi na "?gw? adjuvant" omenala gaa na "isi neuroprotective agent". Mgbanwe a ab?gh? nke enwegh? isi, mana dabere na nch?k?ta na-aga n'ihu nke ihe akaebe ?gw? na-egosi na-egosi, ngh?ta miri emi nke usoro ihe omume ya nke ?t?t? ebumnuche, yana nnabata d? oke egwu nke "window oge" na ?gw?gw? nke nnukwu mmer? ah? akwara. Nd? a b? nt?ala na nyocha nd? na-akwado mgbanwe a:

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1. Core ?nya ?gb? ala: Ihe akaebe siri ike site na usoro ruo na omume ?l? ?gw?

Nyochaghar? usoro ihe omume (kar?a 'enyemaka'):

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Membrane phospholipid isi nr?zi isi: Cytophosphatidylcholine b? ihe mmalite maka njik? nke akp?kp? ah? phospholipids cell, d? ka phosphatidylcholine. Membrane phospholipid mebiri emebi b? mmer? ah? d? oke egwu n'oge mgbe neuronal ischemia/hypoxia gas?r?. Phosphatidylcholine nwere ike ?gbakwunye ngwa ngwa phospholipid endogenous phospholipid synthesis, na-akwalite nr?zi na nkw?si ike nke mkp?r? nd? akwara mebiri emebi, nke b? isi ndabere nke neuroprotection.

Mmet?ta neuroprotective ebumnuche ?t?t?:

Belata excitotoxicity: gbochie oke nt?hap? na nsi nke glutamate.

Nchegbu Antioxidant: na-abawanye ?kwa glutathione ma kpochap? radicals efu.

?kwalite ?r? mitochondrial: ?n?gide na-enwe ike metabolism na ibelata apoptosis cell.

Na-akwalite njik? nke neurotransmitter: mm?ba ?kwa nke acetylcholine, dopamine, wdg, na-eme ka nch?kwa akwara d?kwuo mma.

Belata neuroinflammation: gbochie nt?hap? nke cytokines pro-inflammatory.

Usoro ah? na-ekpebi na ? kwes?r? ?b? isi ?r? nke "?mep?ta mmalite na nchedo ar? ?r?", kar?a naan? ihe inyeaka maka enyemaka mgbaàmà. ;

Mkpok?ta ihe akaebe sitere na ihe akaebe d? elu (na-agbasa site na echiche nke " inyeaka"):

Nnukwu ?r?a strok ischemic (AIS):

?m?m? ICTUS (2012): ? b? ezie na isi njedebe b? ihe na-ad?gh? mma, nd? otu subgroups nd? a kara aka (na-agafegh? oke na ?r?a strok, ?gw?gw? mmalite) gosip?tara uru d? ukwuu, na-at? aro na oge ?gw?gw? na nh?r? ?n??g? mmad? d? oke mkpa.

?m?m? ECCO 2 (2023): nnukwu RCT emere na nd? China (nd? ?r?a 3947 AIS g?nyere). Nsonaaz? gosiri na na ndabere nke intravenous thrombolysis na / ma ? b? endovascular ?gw?gw?, n'oge (n'ime 24 awa mgbe mmalite) intravenous ojiji nke phosphatidylcholine maka 14 ?b?ch? m?bara nkezi nke 90 ?b?ch? nnwere onwe ?r? (mRS 0-1) (43.5% vs 40.0%), na nchekwa d? mma. Kwenye mmet?ta synergistic ya na ndabere nke usoro ?gw?gw? reperfusion ?k?l?t?. ;

Otutu meta-analyses: na-akwado ?d? irè ya n'?kwalite nsonaaz? akwara ozi na ikike ibi nd? kwa ?b?ch?, kar?s?a ?malite ?gw?gw? na mmalite mmalite nke mmalite (

Ah?h? ?b?r? Na-akpata Ah?h? (TBI):

?m?m? COBRIT: Nsonaaz? a na-ar?r?ta ?ka, mana nyocha na-esote na-egosi na otu obere subgroups (nke d? oke na TBI) na-erite uru.

Nnyocha ?wa n'ezie & meta-analysis: ?t?t? nch?p?ta egosila na ? nwere ike melite nsonaaz? akwara ozi na mgbake ns?h? na nd? ?r?a TBI.

?r?a Neurodegenerative (n'okpuru nyocha):

?r?a ?b?r? na-ah? maka ?b?r? (VCI) / vask?la dementia (VaD): Nnyocha egosiwo na ? nwere ike imeziwanye ?r? ?g?g? isi (nleba anya, igbu, ebe nchekwa).

?r?a Alzheimer (AD)/?r?a Parkinson (PD): D? ka nd? nwere ike ime mgbanwe ?r?a, ?f?d? obere ?m?m? ihe na-at? aro mm?ba nke ?g?g? isi na omume.

Nnyocha na mpaghara nd? ?z? d? ka glaucoma na ?kp?kp? az? az? egosiwokwa ikike neuroprotective.

2. The isi ihe nke n'?n?du mgbanwe: si " inyeaka" ka "isi"

Na-ebuga oge ?gw?gw? na-aga n'ihu (isi ntinye aka nke "window oge ?la edo"):

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Igodo nke neuroprotection d? na 'n'oge'. Mgbe mmer? ah? ?b?r? gas?r? (d? ka ?r?a strok, TBI), mmeghachi omume mmer? ah? na-amalite ?t?t? nkeji ruo ?t?t? awa mgbe e mes?r?.

Usoro nke phosphatidylcholine na-ekpebi na ekwes?r? iji ya n'oge mmalite nke mmeghachi omume cascade nke mmer? ah? (d?ka n'ime awa 24 mgbe ?r?a strok gas?r?, nke mb? ka mma) igbochi ?z? mmer? ah? ma chebe an? ah? d? ize nd? ruo n'ókè kachas? ike. Nke a d? nn?? iche na n'?n?du ?d?nala nke "?gw? adjuvant na-emezighar?".

?ganihu nke nyocha ECCO 2 gbadoro ?kw? na nhazi nke usoro nch?kwa nch?kwa nke mmalite nke eriri af?.

Isi ?n?d? nke at?mat? ?gw?gw? (jik?tara ya na ?gw?gw? reperfusion):

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Innovation na usoro ?gw?gw? nke nnukwu ?r?a strok ischemic: ?gw?gw? ?k?l?t? b? recanalization vask?la (thrombolysis, thrombectomy), mana ?n? ?g?g? d? ukwuu nke nd? ?r?a ka na-enwe am?ma na-ad?gh? mma mgbe emezighar? (mmer? ah? reperfusion, ? d?gh? ihe na-emeghachi omume, wdg).

Usoro neuroprotective nke phosphatidylcholine (na-eme ka akp?kp? ah? sel guzosie ike, antioxidant, anti apoptotic) nwere ike ?kwado ma mek?r?ta ya na ?gw?gw? reperfusion, na-ebelata mmer? ah? reperfusion na ichebe an? ah? ?b?r? mgbe ?ghaghachi az?.

Nnyocha ECCO 2 ekwenyela na uru ya d? ka ihe b? isi ihe na-akpata neuroprotective na at?mat? "vask?la recanalization+", ab?gh?zi mgbakwunye inyeaka nh?r?.

Nkwalite ?z? nch?kwa (?ch?so bioavailability):

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phosphatidylcholine ?n? nwere obere bioavailability (

Intravenous injections nwere ike inye elu bioavailability, ngwa ngwa nweta irè ?bara ?gw? ?ta ah?h?, na izute mkpa nke ngwa ngwa neuroprotection na nnukwu oge.

Ngbanwe ah? gaa n'?n?d? ?n?d? "isi" ga-agar?r? na nkwenye nke ?d? usoro onunu ogwu maka ojiji n'oge nnukwu oge.

3. Mmelite nke ?kp?r? nduzi / nkwenye (na-egosip?ta mgbanwe n'?kwa)

China:

"Ntuziaka maka Mgbochi na ?gw? ?r?a Stroke na China" na akw?kw? nd? ?z? egosip?tala mmet?ta neuroprotective ya.

Dabere na nsonaaz? nsonaaz? nyocha ECCO 2, a na-at? anya na ?kwa nkwanye na idobe phosphatidylcholine (kar?s?a usoro intravenous nke ejiri na nnukwu oge) na ntuziaka nd? China ga-akawanye mma n'?d?nihu. ;

Mba ?wa:

Ntuziaka AHA / ASA na United States akwadobegh? nke ?ma, mana ha na-emeghe maka nyocha na nd? na-ah? maka ihe na-ad?gh? mma.

?f?d? ntuziaka obodo Europe nwere nyocha d? mma kar?a nke phosphatidylcholine (d? ka Spain, Portugal).

4. Ihe p?tara na-adakar? n'?n?du mgbanwe

Mmelite echiche ?gw?gw?: Neuroprotection b? ogidi d? mkpa na ?gw?gw? nke nnukwu mmer? ah? ?b?r? d? ka vask?la recanalization.

Mee ka at?mat? ?gw?gw? d?kwuo elu: Kwalite usoro ?gw?gw? isi nke phosphatidylcholine (intravenous) d? ka ?gw?gw? ?k?l?t? (d?ka thrombolysis / thrombectomy) na hyperacute / nnukwu ak?k? nke ?r?a strok / TBI na ?r?a nd? ?z?.

?malite prognosis nke onye ?r?a: Site na mmalite neuroprotection d? irè, a na-at? anya na ? ga-emewanyewanye ?n??g? nd? na mgbake na-ar? ?r? nke nd? ?r?a nwere nnukwu mmer? ?b?r?, ma belata nkwar?.

Kwalite nyocha na nt?z?aka mmepe: kwalite ?m?m? ?l? ?gw? d? elu ma ch?p?ta usoro nnyefe ?gw? ?h?r? maka nnukwu neuroprotection.

Nch?k?ta na Outlook

Mgbanwe nke phosphatidylcholine site na "?gw? adjuvant" gaa na "onye na-ah? maka ihe na-akpata neuroprotective" b? n'ihi nyocha nke na-emewanyewanye nke ?ma, ?ganihu na ihe akaebe na-ah? maka ?l? ?gw? (kar?s?a nyocha ECCO 2), na echiche ?gw?gw? emelitere. Isi ya dabere na:

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Ntinye aka n'oge: Mesie ?gw? ike n'oge windo oge ?la edo (nnukwu oge/n'oge mmalite nke subacute) mgbe a na-amalite mmeghachi omume cascade nke mmer? ah?.

Ihe kacha mkpa n'ime eriri af?: N'ime nnukwu oge ebe ach?r? ime ngwa ngwa, nch?kwa intravenous b? ?z? b? isi iji kpalite mmet?ta nchebe.

Nkwalite ar?m?r? nkwonkwo: D? ka ak?k? d? mkpa d? mkpa nke neuroprotection na-adabere na ?gw?gw? recanalization vask?la (stroke) ma ? b? ?gw?gw? zuru oke (TBI), ? b?gh? ego agbakwunyere.

Mgbanwe a na-egosi nnabata ?h?r? na nkwalite uru nke phosphatidylcholine na ?gw?gw? ?r?a akwara ozi, ?kachas? na usoro ?gw?gw? nke nnukwu ?r?a strok ischemic. D? ka ak?k? d? mkpa nke "?k?l?t? reperfusion therapy+core neuroprotection" at?mat?, ? na-enweta nkwado siri ike dabere na nkwado ?l? ?gw?. N'?d?nihu, site na mmepe nke nyocha d? elu na mmelite na nt?ziaka, isi ?n?d? ya ga-emewanyewanye.