Sodium alginate b? ihe sitere na ?wep?ta ayodiin na mannitol sitere na algae aja aja d? ka kelp ma ? b? ah?h?a mmiri. Ihe mejup?tara ya b? β-D-mannuronic acid (M) na α-L-guluronic acid (G) jik?tara ya na (1 → 4). Sodium alginate aqueous ngw?ta nwere elu viscosity na e ji mee ihe d? ka a thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, wdg na nri. Sodium alginate b? nri na-ad?gh? egbu egbu nke etinyere na United States Pharmacopeia n'oge d? ka 1938. Sodium alginate nwere nnukwu ego - COO -, nke nwere ike igosi omume polyanionic na ngw?ta mmiri ma nwee ogo nke adhesion. Enwere ike iji ya d? ka onye na-ebu ?gw? maka ?gw? an? ah? mucosal. N'okpuru ?n?d? acidic, - Mgbe COO - gbanwere ka ? b?r? COOH, ogo ionization na-ebelata, hydrophilicity nke sodium alginate na-ebelata, ?d? molek?la na-ebelata, na uru pH na-abawanye COOH otu na-aga n'ihu na-ekewa, na-abawanye hydrophilicity nke sodium alginate na ?gbat? agb? molekul. Ya mere, sodium alginate nwere mmet?ta pH d? ?r?ba ama. Sodium alginate nwere ike ?mep?ta gel ngwa ngwa n'okpuru ?n?d? d? oke nro. Mgbe cations d? ka Ca2+ na Sr2+ d?, Na+ na G unit ga-eji cations d? iche iche gbanwere, na G unit ga-ekpok?ta iji mep?ta usoro netw?k jik?tara ?n?, si otú ah? na-etolite hydrogel. ?n?d? nke sodium alginate na-emep?ta gel d? nro, nke nwere ike izere nkw?s? nke ?gw? ?j??, protein, sel, enzymes na ihe nd? ?z? na-ar? ?r?. N'ihi ihe nd? a magburu onwe ya, a na-eji sodium alginate eme ihe n'?t?t? ebe na ?l? ?r? nri na mpaghara ?gw?.