Amino acid, peptides, proteins na enzymes niile b? biomolecules na-ar? ?r? d? iche iche na mmemme nke nd?, mana ha nwekwara njik? chiri anya ma na-emek?r?ta ihe. Amino acids Amino acids b? ihe nd? b? isi na-edozi protein ma b?r?kwa ?m? irighiri ihe d? mkpa na sistemu nd?. ? nwere otu amino (NH2), otu carboxyl (COOH), na otu R. Nhazi nke yinye peptide nke amino acid jik?tara onwe ya site na njik? peptide. N'ime yinye peptide, otu carboxyl nke otu amino acid jik?tara ya na amino amino acid ?z? site na njik? carbon-oxygen ya. A na-akp? ns?t? ab?? nke yinye peptide n-terminal na C-terminal. Mgbe ogologo nke peptide yinye kar?r? 100 amino as?d, a na-emep?ta agb? polypeptide. Polypeptide na-ezo aka na peptide yinye nke mejup?tara 2-100 amino acids, homon?, enzymes, ?gw? nje, wdg, b? polypeptides, nke na-ad?kar? mfe synthesize na gbanwee kar?a protein. Protein b? agb? peptide nwere ihe kar?r? 100 amino as?d ma nwee nnukwu ibu molek?la. N'ime mkp?r? nd?, enwere ike iji protein d? ka ihe nhazi. T?kwas? na nke ah?, a na-ejikwa protein mee enzymes, hormones, photosynthetic pigments, wdg. Enzymes b? ihe na-eme ka mmeghachi omume kem?kal d? ngwa. Ha b? ?m? irighiri ihe nd? p?r? iche emere site na biomolecules d? ka protein ma ? b? RNA ma na-enwekar? nk?wap?ta kp?mkwem mkp?r?.

?r? nke amino acid, peptides, proteins na enzymes na osisi 1. Amino acids: Amino acids nwere ike iji mee ihe d? ka isi iyi nri maka osisi iji meziwanye uto na mmepe ha. Mgbe etinyere amino acids, osisi nwere ike mep?ta protein ngwa ngwa, acid nucleic na biomolecules nd? ?z?, nke na-akwalite nkewa mkp?r? nd? osisi na uto an? ah?. T?kwas? na nke ah?, amino acid na ?k? ihe ?k?k?, nnu, obere okpom?k? na nr?gide nd? ?z? nwere ike ime ka ihe ?k?k? d?kwuo mma, kwalite uto osisi. 2. Polypeptides: Polypeptides b? ak?k? d? mkpa nke nd? na-ach?kwa uto osisi. Peptides nwere ike imet?ta nt?ghar? mgbama intracellular na uto na mmepe site na ijik? na nd? na-anabata akp?kp? ah?. D?ka ?m?maat?, polypeptide auxin na hormones polypeptide na-ar? ?r? d? mkpa n'?z?lite na mmepe osisi ma nwee ike ?kwalite uto osisi na mgb?r?gw? mgb?r?gw?. Peptides nwekwara ike ?r? ?r? d? mkpa n'?gbachitere ihe ?k?k?, d? ka inwe ike ?kpalite mmep?ta nke ihe antioxidant na osisi ma welie iguzogide ihe ?k?k? na ?r?a na pests.

3. Protein: Protein nwere ?t?t? ngwa na ngalaba nke ugbo. N'ime usoro ?k? ihe ?k?k?, enwere ike iji protein mee ihe d? ka ihe fat?la?za maka osisi ah? iji nweta ma kwalite uto osisi. Na mgbakwunye, ?f?d? homon? protein na auxin na-ekerekwa òkè d? mkpa n'?hazi uto na mmepe osisi. A na-ejikwa protein n'?t?t? ebe na biopesticide na nguzogide ozuzu. 4. Enzymes: Enzymes d?kwa oke mkpa na ngalaba ?r? ugbo. D?ka ?m?maat?, ?f?d? enzymes nwere ike imeziwanye ?m?m? ala na iji mmiri eme ihe, nke na-erite uru na uto osisi na mmepe. E nwekwara enzymes nke a p?r? iji maka nchebe osisi na ?ch?kwa ihe ?k?k? na ?r?a, d? ka hydrolases nke na-ebelata nkw?s? nke mgbidi cell osisi, na-eme ka ? ghara ikwe omume maka microorganisms na ?m? ah?h? na-emer? ah?.