Mannose na glucose, n'agbanyegh? na ha nwere otu mkp?r? nd? ihe nketa (C ? H ?? O ?), b? ma aldoses na b? C-2 isomers (ie direction hydroxyl otu na nke ab?? carbon atom d? iche), ma ha metabolic ?z? na physiological ?r? d? iche iche nke ukwuu. Ihe na-eson? na-enye nt?le zuru ezu nke ?d?iche metabolic ha site n'?t?t? echiche:

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1. Ntinye eriri af?

Glucose:

Mm?ba nke ?ma: SGLT1 (sodium glucose cotransporter 1) na-ebufe ya nke ?ma n'ime obere sel epithelial eriri af?. ?n??g? nnabata ah? d? oke elu (>95%), nke nwere ike ?banye n'?bara ngwa ngwa wee bulie shuga ?bara.

? dabere na sodium ion gradient. ;

Mannose:

Absorption na-ad?gh? ar? ?r?: tumadi site na mgbasa ozi d? mfe (ikekwe g?nyere nd? njem ezin?l? GLUT d? ka GLUT5 ma ? b? ?wa nd? yiri ya). ?n??g? nnabata ah? d? obere (ihe d?ka 10-20%), ?t?t? n'ime mannose na-ad?gh? etinye ya na-abanyekwa n'ime eriri af? ma nje nje eriri af? na-agbak?ta ma ? b? wep? ya na ns?.

2. Banye n'?bara

Glucose:

Mgbe ? gbasas?r?, ? na-abanye ozugbo na mgbasa nke vein portal, na-eme ka ?kwa shuga d? n'?bara na-abawanye ngwa ngwa.

Mannose:

?n??g? nnabata ah? d? ntak?r?, yana itinye uche nke mannose n'ime ?bara d? ntak?r? (nleba anya na plasma na-ebu ?n? b? ihe d?ka 50 μmol / L, nke na-erugh? 4-6 mmol / L nke glucose). Nlek?ta ?n? nke mannose anagh? ebute nnukwu mgbanwe na ?kwa shuga d? n'?bara.

3. Nz??kw? mb? nke iweta an? ah? na metabolism

Glucose:

Insulin dabere: uru ah? na an? ah? adipose nke glucose na-adabere na nr?bama insulin (site na onye na-ebu GLUT4).

Hexokinase/Glucokinase: Mgbe ?banyechara n'ime sel, ? b? phosphorylated site hexokinase (HK) (systemic tissue) ma ? b? glucokinase (GK) (imeju) na glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). Nke a b? molecule b? isi nke metabolism metabolism.

Mannose:

?d?gh? adabere na insulin: iwere an? ah? adaberegh? na insulin.

Mannokinase (MK): ? na-ab?kar? phosphorylated site mannokinase na imeju (na obere ego na an? nd? ?z? d? ka ak?r?) na mannose-6-phosphate (Man-6-P). Nke a b? isi ihe na-ebelata ?n?ego nke mannose metabolism.

Phosphomannose isomerase (PMI): Man-6-P gbanwere ka ? b?r? fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) site na phosphomannose isomerase. F6P b? ngwaah?a etiti nke ?z? glycolysis.

4. Isi ?z? metabolic

Glucose:

Glycolysis ike ?k?n?: G6P nwere ike ?banye n'?z? glycolysis iji mep?ta ume (ATP).

Njik? Glycogen: njik? na nchekwa nke glycogen n'ime imeju na m?z?l?.

?z? pentose phosphate: na-emep?ta NADPH na ribose-5-phosphate (ejiri maka ibelata biosynthesis na nucleotide njik?).

Ngwak?ta ab?ba: Mgbe ngafe d?, a na-at?ghar? ya ka ? b?r? ab?ba.

Mannose:

Ntughari n'ime glycolytic intermediates: Mgbe PMI t?ghar?r? gaa na F6P, ? nwere ike ?banye n'?z? glycolytic (ak?k? ikpeaz? nwere ike gbanwee n'ime glucose ma ? b? kpamkpam oxidized maka inye ike).

Glycosylation precursor: ?r? ya b? isi b? ije ozi d? ka otu shuga na-amalite maka imep?ta agb? shuga jik?tara N-njik?! Man-6-P nwere ike ?t?ghar? gaa n'ihu na GDP mannose na vivo, na-eje ozi d? ka onye na-enye aka ozugbo maka ns? mannose na glycoproteins na glycolipids.

Glycosylation: Mannose b? isi ak?k? nke isi oligosaccharides yinye na protein N-njik? glycosylation mgbanwe (d? ka Man ? GlcNAc ?). Usoro a na-eme na endoplasmic reticulum na Golgi ngwa, ma d? oke mkpa maka mp?ak?ta protein, nkw?si ike, nhazi mpaghara, na ?r? (d? ka ?gw? mgbochi ?r?a, nd? na-anabata hormone, na cell adhesion molecules).

Ntughari gaa na glucose/glycogen: ar?m?r? d? ala, yana ?f?d? ?z? glycolysis F6P na-agbanwe agbanwe na-emep?ta G6P, nke a na-agbanwe ya na glucose ma ? b? glycogen, mana onyinye ah? d? ntak?r?.

5. ? na-emet?ta glucose ?bara na insulin

Glucose:

?bara shuga d? elu nke ukwuu: b? isi iyi shuga d? n'?bara.

Mkpali siri ike nke secretion insulin: mkp?r? nd? beta nke pancreatic na-ach?p?ta ozugbo mm?ba nke shuga ?bara ma na-ezobe insulin.

Mannose:

Ihe f?r? nke nta ka ? b?r? ? d?gh? emet?ta shuga d? n'?bara: na-am?k?r? obere, metabolizes na-emep?tagh? glucose, ? d?gh?kwa adabere na insulin.

? nagh? akpali mmep?ta insulin: enwegh? akara ngosi mkpali glucose ?bara d? irè.

6. Isi ?d?iche d? na physiological ?r?

Glucose:

?r? isi: isi iyi nke ike ngwa ngwa (kar?s?a ?b?r?, m?z?l?, na sel ?bara uhie), na-ejigide homeostasis shuga shuga.

Mannose:

?r? isi: isi ihe na-ebute ?z? maka glycosylation biosynthesis, na-akwado nhazi na ?r? nke glycoproteins na glycolipids (nch?p?ta cell, transduction signal, immunity, protein mp?achi, wdg).

?r? nke ab??: gbochie ?r?a urinary tract (site na igbochi nje bacteria).

7. Esemokwu ngwa ?l? ?gw?

Glucose:

Mgbakwunye ike (infusion), ?gw?gw? hypoglycemic, nnwale nnabata glucose.

Mannose:

Mgbochi nke ?r?a urinary na-emekar? (kar?s?a na-ezubere Escherichia coli) na ?gw?gw? nke ?r?a glycosylation mkp?r? nd? ihe nketa d? ?k? (d? ka ?k? CDG Ib MPI).