?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ? ????????? ???????? ??-??????? ??? ???? ??? β - D-??????????? ???? (M) ? α - L-????????? ???? (G) ??? ????? ????? ??? (1 → 4) ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ? ????? ?????? ????, ??????????????, ??????????, ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???-??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???????? - COO - ?????, ???? ???? ????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????, - ?? COO - COOH ?? ????????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ????, ?????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????, ????? ???????? ??????? ?????, ? pH ??? ????? COOH ???? ??????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?????????? ??????????????? ???? ? ????? ??????????? ????????? ????????, ?????? ?????????? ???????????? pH ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?? Ca2+ ? Sr2+ ????? ????????? ??????? ???????, G ?????? ????? Na+ ?? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????, ? G ?????? ????-????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????, ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????, ???? ????????? ???????, ??????????, ??????, ?????????? ? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????, ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ???????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??