Vitamin E (Vitamin E) is a group of fat-soluble vitamins containing α, β, γ, δ-tocopherol and tocotrienol. It is an essential nutrient that the body cannot synthesize on its own, and is one of the most important antioxidants ?12.
The chemical structure consists of benzopyrane rings and hydrophobic side chains, which give the lipid membrane penetration ?67.
? physical and chemical properties ?

Solubility ? : soluble in fat, ethanol and other organic solvents, insoluble in water ?12.
Stability ? : heat resistant (≤200 ° C) and acidic environments but sensitive to alkali, oxygen, UV rays and metal ions (Fe3 + + /Cu2 +). Frying significantly destroys the activity ?

First, antioxidant synergistic mechanism free radical scavenging circulatory system ?

Vitamin E, as a fat-soluble antioxidant, preferentially neutralizes lipid free radicals in cell membranes, while vitamin C, as a water-soluble antioxidant, reduces and regenerates oxidized vitamin E (tocopherol free radicals), forming a continuous antioxidant cycle ?17.
Experiments show that the combination of the two can improve the antioxidant efficiency by 3 times, single molecule vitamin E can continuously remove up to 4 free radicals, vitamin C through the regeneration mechanism to prolong its action time ?78.

Interphase Defense network ?

Vitamin E anchors the lipid bilayer of cell membrane and blocks the lipid peroxidation chain reaction. Vitamin C scavenge water-soluble free radicals in the cytoplasmic matrix to construct a lipid - water biphasic protection system ?13.

Two, the immune system bidirectional activation effect enhances innate immunity ? : Vitamin C promotes neutrophil chemotaxis, vitamin E enhances NK cell activity, and the combination reduces the incidence of respiratory tract infection by 32%?15.
? regulates adaptive immunity ? : synergistically stimulates T lymphocyte proliferation, improves antibody production efficiency by 28%, and has a beneficial effect on vaccine response ?57.

Third, skin health joint intervention path

Photoaging protection ?

Vitamin E inhibits UV-induced sepiperoxidation and vitamin C blocks tyrosinase activity, a key enzyme in melanin synthesis, and the combination reduces the rate of skin erythematosis by 54%?24.

Regulation of collagen metabolism ?

Vitamin C activates prolyl hydroxylase to promote collagen synthesis, and vitamin E reduces collagenase activity to prevent degradation. Clinical trials have shown that skin elasticity is improved by 23% and wrinkle depth is reduced by 19%?34.

4. Collaborative mode of cardiovascular protection
? atherosclerosis intervention ? : Vitamin E inhibits oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and vitamin C repairs damaged vascular endothelium in combination with 18% lower risk of cardiovascular events ?15.
? microcirculation improvement ? : vitamin E reduces abnormal platelet aggregation, vitamin C enhances capillary toughness, and has the value of joint prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy ?58.

5. Metabolic cooperative optimization characteristics
? iron metabolism regulation ? : Vitamin C will reduce the trivalent iron to bivalent iron, improve the absorption rate 2-3 times; Vitamin E protects erythrocyte membrane stability and reduces the risk of hemolysis ?57.
?cholesterol balance ? : Vitamin E inhibits HMG-CoA reductase to reduce cholesterol synthesis, vitamin C promotes bile acid excretion, and in combination reduces total cholesterol levels by 12%-15%