1. Calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (CaHMB)

HMB ndi chinthu chapakatikati cha kagayidwe ka leucine, chomwe chingalimbikitse kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwake, kufulumizitsa kudya kwamafuta, kuchepetsa kutopa kwa minofu, komanso ndi chakudya chatsopano.

Kupanikizika pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa nembanemba ya maselo a minofu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumaposa kuchuluka kwa kaphatikizidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni. HMB itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga cholesterol ndikukonzanso ma cell a cell mwachangu.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuwonjezera HMB kumathandiza kupititsa patsogolo kupirira, ndipo mlingo wowonjezera wa HMB uli pakati pa 0.5g / d ndi 3g / d, ndipo kuwonjezera mlingo uwu panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa kukula kwa mphamvu, kulemera kwa thupi lowonda komanso kuchepetsa mafuta a thupi.

Chifukwa chakuti theka la moyo wa HMB ndi waufupi, maola 2 mpaka 4 okha, ngati mlingo waukulu wa HMB watengedwa ntha?i imodzi, mlingo wa HMB m’mwazi umabwerera mwakale pambuyo pa maola angapo. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti HMB itengedwe katatu patsiku kuti ithandizire kuchita bwino, ndipo HMB imaphatikizidwa bwino ndi ma amino acid ena.

2.Lycopene

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti lycopene ili ndi antioxidant, chitetezo cha mthupi, chitetezo cha mtima ndi zotsatira zotsutsa kukalamba. Mphamvu ya antioxidant ya lycopene imawonekera makamaka pakuzimitsa kwake kwa mpweya wa singlet komanso kuwononga ma free radicals a peroxide.

Panthawi yolimbitsa thupi kwambiri, ma metabolites a acidic amadziunjikira, ma radicals aulere amapangidwa, ndikuukira maselo a minofu, kuchititsa kuwonongeka kapena kusagwira ntchito kwa ma nucleic acid, mapuloteni, lipids ndi ma biomolecules ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa kapangidwe ka cell ndi magwiridwe antchito, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ngati kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuperewera kwa magazi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pambuyo pakuwonjezeka kwa hemolysis, kuchuluka kwa ma seramu ma enzymes ndi m'mimba. Zizindikiro za kutopa kwa minofu ndi kuchedwa kwa minofu kupweteka.

Komanso, lycopene angateteze phagocytes ku kuwonongeka okosijeni, kulimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa T ndi B lymphocytes, yotithandiza ntchito ya T maselo, kumapangitsanso luso macrophages, cytotoxic T maselo ndi maselo wakupha zachilengedwe (NK), kuchepetsa okosijeni kuwonongeka kwa lymphocyte DNA ndi kulimbikitsa kupanga cytokines ena.

Kuonjezera apo, lycopene imakhala ndi zotsatira zowonjezera kuwonongeka kwa LDL ndikuchepetsa LDL (ng'ombe), zomwe zingateteze dongosolo la mtima ndi kuchepetsa kuchitika kwa matenda a mtima. Lycopene ali ndi ubwino wa zinthu zambiri, chitetezo ndi sanali poizoni, ndipo mtengo wake wakhala anazindikira pang'onopang'ono ndi anthu. Ngakhale kufufuza ndi kupanga lycopene ku China kuli koyambirira, pali zabwino zambiri.

3.Chito-oligosaccharides ndi zotumphukira zake

Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti chitosaccharides ndi zotumphukira zake zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepetsera mphamvu zonse, zimatha kuchotsa bwino ma hydroxyl radicals ndi superoxide anions, kuchepetsa kupanga malondialdehyde (MDA), ndikuwonjezera ntchito za superoxide dismutase (SOD) ndi glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px).

Xu Qingsong et al kudyetsedwa mbewa ndi otsika, apakati ndi apamwamba (50,167,500 mg· kg-1 · d-1) mlingo wa chitosan oligosaccharides kwa sabata imodzi, motero, ndipo anapeza kuti sing'anga ndi mkulu mlingo wa chitosan oligosaccharides angalepheretse kwambiri kuwonjezeka kwa MDA zomwe zili mu chiwindi cha mbewa za mbewa (P) ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi cha mbewa za mbewa01 (P 0OD). minofu (P

Limagwirira wa chitosan oligosaccharides kuteteza chiwindi mwina chifukwa cha zabwino antioxidant ntchito, amene timapitiriza ntchito antioxidant michere monga SOD m`thupi, amachepetsa kuukira kwa free ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira pa lipid nembanemba ndi mitochondrial nembanemba, ndiyeno amachepetsa zili MDA, mankhwala a lipid peroxidation.

4.Wolfberry polysaccharides

Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazakudya, koma pali maphunziro ochepa pa zotsatira za LBP supplementation pa chitetezo cha othamanga.

Kafukufuku wa Li Lei akuwonetsa kuti Lycium barbarum polysaccharide ikhoza kukhala ndi SOD yolemera, yomwe ndi puloteni yachitsulo yapadziko lonse yomwe imatha kuthetsa ma radicals aulere m'zamoyo, ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa udindo wowongolera chitetezo chamthupi pochotsa ma radicals aulere.

5.Mphesa polyphenols

Kafukufuku waposachedwapa kunyumba ndi kunja kwasonyeza kuti mphesa polyphenols ndi ntchito zambiri, monga anti-oxidation, odana ndi ukalamba, chitetezo cha mitsempha endothelial maselo ndi odana ndi khansa.

Ma polyphenols amphesa ndi mankhwala a phenolic, okhala ndi magulu opitilira awiri a hydroxyl omwe ali ortho kwa wina ndi mnzake, ndipo gulu la acidic hydroxyl pa mphete ya benzene lili ndi mphamvu yamphamvu ya haidrojeni.

Kapangidwe kake ka antioxidant ndi kofanana ndi ka phenolic antioxidants ena, ndiye kuti, monga wopereka bwino kwambiri wa haidrojeni, ma free radicals opangidwa amatha kusinthidwa kukhala ma free radicals okhazikika kudzera mu resonance, kuti atseke ma radicals aulere ndikudula ma chain reaction of free radicals, motero kuchedwetsa unyolo wa oxidation ya automatic oxidation ya unsaturated fatty acids, acid acid acid ndi antioxidants.

Fan Haizhan adatsimikizira zotsatira zabwino za mphesa polyphenol (OPC) monga antioxidant zachilengedwe, zomwe zingathe kuchepetsa MDA mu minofu ya chigoba ndi chiwindi cha makoswe pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za SOD ndi mphamvu zonse za antioxidant za thupi, ndikugwira ntchito yabwino kuthetsa chikoka cha chiwerengero chachikulu cha ma radicals aulere pa thupi, kupititsa patsogolo masewero olimbitsa thupi ndi kuchedwa.