Citicolinendi nucleotide imodzi yopangidwa ndi nucleic acid, cytosine, pyrophosphate ndi choline, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana a neurodegenerative, monga matenda a Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ndi zina zotero. Kafukufuku wawonetsanso kuti citicoline imatha kukulitsa kutengeka kwaubongo kwa dopamine ndi glutamate, potero kumathandizira kuzindikira. Ciphocholine imathanso kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwamafuta amafuta aulere ndikubwezeretsa ntchito ya mitochondrial ATPase ndi membrane ya cell Na+/K+ ATPase, motero kuchepetsa kuvulala kwaubongo. Komabe, njira zapathophysiological za matenda a neurodegenerative ndizovuta ndipo zimaphatikizapo kuperewera kwa cholinergic, glutamate excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, chitetezo chamthupi, kuchepa kwa kagayidwe ka glucose, komanso kuwonongeka kwa chotchinga chamagazi muubongo.

Citicolineimatha kukhazikika nembanemba ya cell polimbikitsa S-adenosine-L-methionine, kukulitsa zovuta za dendrite ndi kachulukidwe ka spinous kachulukidwe ka ma motor neuron, kukonza mapulasitiki a mitsempha m'malo osawonongeka, ndikulimbikitsa kuchira.

Citicoline ikhoza kuchepetsa mlingo wa lecithin phosphate wosungunuka m'madzi mwa kukweza choline phosphate cytidylytransferase (CCT) ndikuletsa ntchito ya secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2) kapena kuletsa kuyambitsa kwa PLA2 mwa kulepheretsa TNF-a / IL-1b kuchepetsa kutaya kwa phosphoslipid kukonzanso kwa mitsempha ya phosphoslipid ndi kukonzanso kwa mitsempha ya phosphoslipid.

Citicoline ikhoza kuonjezeranso kufotokoza kwa zinthu zotsutsana ndi apoptotic monga Bcl-2 ndikuletsa kumasulidwa kwa glutamate kuti muchepetse cytotoxicity.

Ciphocholine imathandizira kukonza mwachangu ma cell owonongeka ndi nembanemba ya mitochondrial, imasunga kulimba kwa ma cell ndi magwiridwe antchito achilengedwe, komanso imachepetsa kutulutsidwa kwamafuta amafuta aulere, potero amachepetsa ma metabolites owopsa a okosijeni komanso kupanga ma free radicals.

Citicoline imatha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa vasopressin ndi plasma adrenotropin, ndikulimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa timadzi tating'onoting'ono, thyrotropin ndi luteinizing hormone.

Pali njira zambiri zokonzekera za citicoline sodium, makamaka njira zitatu.

Chimodzi ndi kuwira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Njirayi ili ndi zovuta zina monga ndende yotsika mtengo komanso zokolola zosakhazikika.

Imodzi ndi organic chemical synthesis. Pali mavuto ena mu njira iyi, monga mankhwala ndizovuta kupatukana ndi shrinkage osakaniza, si oyenera ntchito mankhwala, otsika anachita kutembenuka mlingo, zambiri ndi mankhwala, kukwera mtengo ndi kwambiri kuipitsa chilengedwe.

Palinso njira ya enzymatic synthesis, monga kugwiritsa ntchito matope a yisiti ya mowa ndi tizilombo tina tambirimbiri ta biosynthesis. Maselo amatope a yisiti aulere adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga enzymatic synthesis. Njirayi inali yosavuta, kutembenuka kunali kwakukulu ndipo mtengo wake unali wotsika. Kupanga kwa citicoline sodium wopangidwa ndi kaphatikizidwe ka enzymatic kumatha kugawidwa m'magawo awiri: enzymatic synthesis process ndi m'zigawo ndi kuyeretsa.

Kutengedwa pakamwa, kumatengedwa mwachangu, kulowetsedwa m'matumbo ndi chiwindi kupita ku choline ndi cytosine, zomwe zimalowa m'magazi, zimadutsa chotchinga chamagazi-ubongo, ndikuphatikizananso mu citicoline mkatikati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje, komwe 80% ya phospholipid synthesis imakhudzidwa ndi ndende ya citicoline m'thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, citicoline imasandulika kukhala acetylcholine m'katikati mwa mitsempha yamkati ndi oxidized kukhala betaine mu impso ndi chiwindi. Kusungunuka kwamadzi kwa citicoline ndikwabwino, bioavailability ndi yokwera mpaka 90%, ndipo yochepera 1% yokha imatulutsidwa mu chopondapo pambuyo pakamwa. Pali nsonga ziwiri za mayamwidwe mu plasma, ola limodzi ndi maola 24 mutatha kumwa.

M'mitundu ya makoswe, milingo ya radiolabelled citicoline idakula pang'onopang'ono muubongo patatha maola 10 atamwedwa ndipo adagawidwa kwambiri muubongo woyera ndi imvi. Kuchulukira kwakukulu kumakhalabe pa maola 48, ndipo kuchotsedwa kwake kumakhala pang'onopang'ono, ndi zochepa chabe zomwe zimatulutsidwa tsiku ndi tsiku kudzera mkodzo, ndowe, ndi kupuma. Kudya kwachilendo kwa citicoline kumatha kulimbikitsa kukonzanso kwachangu kwa nembanemba yama cell owonongeka ndi mitochondria, kusunga umphumphu wa maselo ndi magwiridwe antchito achilengedwe, ndikuletsa apoptosis ndi kufa.