Erythritolndi mowa wa shuga wa carbon-carbon, membala wa banja la polyol, lomwe ndi galasi loyera, lopanda fungo lokhala ndi molekyulu yolemera 122.12 yokha. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu zipatso zosiyanasiyana, monga mavwende, mapichesi, mapeyala, mphesa, ndi zina zotero. Amapezekanso muzakudya zofufumitsa, monga vinyo, mowa ndi msuzi wa soya. Nthawi yomweyo, imapezekanso m'madzi am'thupi la nyama monga mboni za maso, seramu ndi umuna [1] [2]. Erythritol ndi biosweetener yodzaza ndi kukoma kozizira, komwe sikungokhala ndi ntchito zabwino zonse za zakumwa za shuga, komanso kumakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso kulekerera kwakukulu. Zopatsa mphamvu zake ndi 0,2 kcal / g zokha, ndipo zotsekemera zake ndi 70% ya mphamvu yokometsera ya sucrose, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza komanso yotetezeka pazakudya zokhala ndi calorie yochepa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga komanso kunenepa kwambiri [3]. Kafukufuku wa Toxicological awonetsa kuti erythritol imalekerera bwino ndipo sipanga zotsatirapo zilizonse kapena zoyipa [2]. Kuphatikiza apo, 90% ya erythritol yomwe imalowetsedwa ndi chakudya sichikhala ndi zotsatira za biochemical ndipo imatulutsidwa mumkodzo mosasinthika, motero sizikhudza shuga wamagazi kapena insulini [4]. Erythritol imathanso kutenga gawo la antioxidant chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake enieni [5]. Zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito za erythritol zadzetsa chidwi chokulirapo pamakampani azakudya komanso m'mafakitale odzola ndi mankhwala.

Pakalipano, erythritol imapangidwa makamaka ndi kuyanika kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Poyerekeza ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala, kaphatikizidwe ka erythritol ndi fermentation yaying'ono ndi yofatsa, yosavuta kuwongolera, ndipo ingachepetse kwambiri kuipitsa chilengedwe [4]. Chifukwa chake, chiyembekezo chakugwiritsa ntchito kwa mankhwalawa ndichiyembekezo chofala

Kutsekemera kwapakatikati: Kutsekemera kwa erythritol ndikotsika pang'ono kuposa sucrose, pafupifupi 2/3 ya kutsekemera kwa sucrose. Erythritol ndi chinthu chobiriwira chachilengedwe chokhala ndi malingaliro okoma oyera. Poyerekeza ndi zina zolowa m'malo shuga - zakumwa za shuga, erythritol ili ndi magwiridwe antchito amthupi [7,8]. Kuonjezera apo, erythritol ikaphatikizidwa ndi zotsekemera zamphamvu kwambiri monga stevia ndi momoside, zimatha kubisala kukoma kosasangalatsa komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha zotsekemera zamphamvu kwambiri, kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa post-astringency ndi kupsa mtima kwa yankho, ndikuwonjezera kukoma kosalala kwa yankho, kupangitsa kutsekemera kukhala pafupi ndi sucrose.

Mtengo wa caloric ndi zero: mamolekyu a erythrothreitol ndi ochepa kwambiri, ndipo pafupifupi 90% amatha kulowa m'magazi atatha kumwa munthu, ndipo pafupifupi 10% yokha imalowa m'matumbo akuluakulu monga gwero la carbon fermentation. Chifukwa thupi lilibe ma enzyme omwe amatha kutulutsa erythritol mwachindunji, erythritol imatengedwa kuchokera ku proximal intestine ndi kufalikira kwapang'onopang'ono, m'njira yofanana ndi ya mamolekyu ambiri otsika kwambiri popanda njira yoyendera yogwira, yomwe mayamwidwe ake amayenderana ndi kukula kwawo kwa maselo. Chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kwa maselo, erythritol imadutsa mumatumbo am'mimba mofulumira kuposa mannose ndi shuga, koma sichigayidwa ndikuwonongeka pambuyo poyamwa m'thupi, ndipo imatha kutulutsidwa mu mkodzo kupyolera mu impso [9]. Maonekedwe apadera a thupi ndi kagayidwe kake ka erythritol amatsimikizira kutsika kwake kwa calorific. Mphamvu ya erythritol kumeza ndi 1 / 10-1 / 20 yokha ya kudya, ndipo mphamvu yake ndi 0.2-0.4 kJ / g, yomwe ndi 5% mpaka 10% ya mphamvu ya sucrose, ndipo ndiyo mphamvu yotsika kwambiri ya ma alcohols onse olowa m'malo a shuga.

Kulekerera kwakukulu ndi zotsatira zazing'ono: Chifukwa cha njira yapadera ya kagayidwe kake ka erythritol, mowa wambiri wa shuga ukagwiritsidwa ntchito umatulutsidwa kudzera mu impso, ndipo zosakwana 10% zimalowa m'matumbo. Chifukwa thupi la munthu lilibe enzyme yowononga erythritol, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumaphwanyidwa m'thupi la munthu kumakhala kochepa kwambiri [10]. Unduna wa Zaumoyo mu "2007 No. 12" kulengeza kwa kudya kwa erythritol "kuwonjezeredwa malinga ndi kufunikira", kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kungakhale kokwera mpaka 50 magalamu, ndipo palibe kutsekula m'mimba ndi mpweya ndi zotsatira zina, kupyolera mu tebulo lotsatirali likhoza kufananitsa kulolerana kwa thupi la munthu ndi mowa wambiri wa shuga.

Kusintha kwa odwala matenda ashuga: Yokozawa et al. [11] adaphunzira momwe erythritol amakhudzira matenda a shuga a streptozotocin, ndipo zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti erythritol imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga mu seramu, chiwindi ndi impso za makoswe odwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa thupi la munthu lilibe dongosolo la enzyme lopangira erythritol, erythritol yomwe imalowa m'thupi imatengedwa bwino popanda kupangidwa ndi impso ndikutuluka kudzera mu impso, kutanthauza kuti erythritol ili ndi mphamvu zochepa zopangitsa kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi ndi insulin. Chifukwa chake, erythritol ndi yotetezeka kwa odwala matenda ashuga akagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zapadera [12,13].

Zinthu zopanda caries: Honkala et al. [14] anaphunzira zotsatira za erythritol et al pa chitukuko cha mano enamel ndi dentini caries, ndipo zotsatira zake zinasonyeza kuti gulu la erythritol linali ndi chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha dentini caries ndi malo, ndipo chinali chochepa kwambiri chowononga caries. Chifukwa erythritol imatha kuchepetsa acid plaque acid, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa Streptococcus mutans m'malovu ndi zolembera zamano, potero amachepetsa chiopsezo cha caries [15]. Kuonjezera apo, zoyesera zasonyeza kuti ntchito yotsutsa-caries ya erythritol ili ndi njira zitatu: 1. Kuchepetsa kulepheretsa kukula ndi kupanga asidi a mitundu yayikulu ya bakiteriya yomwe imakhudzana ndi chitukuko cha mano; 2, kuchepetsa kumamatira wamba streptococcus mabakiteriya pakamwa pa dzino pamwamba; 3. Chepetsani kulemera kwa plaque ya mano mu zamoyo [16]. Chifukwa chake, erythritol imakhala ndi anti-caries ndipo imapindulitsa pakamwa.