Erythritol, monga mtundu wa mowa wa shuga, ndi mowa wa shuga wachilengedwe womwe umapezeka kwambiri mu mavwende, bowa, msuzi wa soya, vinyo, ndi zakumwa zina za shuga, monga xylitol, sorbitol, maltitol, ndizochokera ku shuga. [1] Chifukwa chake, muzakudya zathu zatsiku ndi tsiku, tonse timadya mochulukira kapena kuchepera kwa chinthu ichi. Kale mu 1848, katswiri wa zamankhwala wa ku Scotland John Stenhouse anapeza chinthuchi, ndipo anachilekanitsa bwino mu 1952.

Asayansi apeza kuti erythritol osati sucrose kutsekemera kwa 60-70% ndi zopatsa mphamvu 0,21 yekha pa gramu ya mphamvu [3], komanso kumayambitsa pang'ono kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi mu thupi la munthu, chifukwa pambuyo kumeza erythritol, ambiri a iwo odzipereka ndi excreted mu mkodzo. [4] Chifukwa cha khalidweli, erythritol amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zakudya zambiri ndi zakumwa monga m'malo mwa sucrose.

Pakadali pano, erythritol yadziwika kwambiri komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'misika yapadziko lonse komanso yaku China, ndipo madera ndi mayiko opitilira 60 avomereza kugwiritsa ntchito erythritol muzakudya, kuphatikiza Europe, United States, Japan, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Turkey, Russia, India, Australia ndi New Zealand. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zakumwa, kutafuna chingamu, chokoleti, maswiti, ophika buledi ndi zakudya zathanzi.

Kuphatikiza apo, zabwino izi za erythritol zakhazikitsanso udindo wake ngati nyenyezi yolowa m'malo mwa shuga:

Choyamba, kutsekemera kwa erythritol koyera ndi sucrose kuli pafupi kwambiri ndi makhalidwe okoma, otsitsimula komanso opanda zokometsera, ndipo alibe zitsulo za "aftertaste" yazitsulo zina zotsekemera, [5] zimasintha kukhazikika kwa zakumwa zakumwa.

Chachiwiri, erythritol yopanda glycemic m'thupi la munthu imakhalanso yosiyana ndi zakumwa zina za shuga, pafupifupi 90% ya erythritol m'thupi ikalowa m'matumbo aang'ono imalowetsedwa m'magazi, ndipo kuchokera mumkodzo, pafupifupi 10% mu m'matumbo, ndipo pamapeto pake idzatulutsidwa. [4] Izi zimapatsa iwo omwe sangathe kudya shuga mwayi wopezanso kukoma.

Chachitatu, kuteteza mano, kuteteza thanzi la m'kamwa erythritol imapindulitsa pa thanzi la m'kamwa, erythritol sichidzasinthidwa ndi mabakiteriya a m'kamwa, ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zoletsa pa streptococcus, kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti erythritol ikhoza kuchepetsa kupanga plaque ya mano, ndipo imatha kuteteza mano. Ma lollipops a ana ambiri, maswiti a ana adzagwiritsa ntchito erythritol ngati gwero lotsekemera.

4. Kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsika kwa erythritol ya hygroscopic ili ndi katundu wochepa wa hygroscopic, crystallization yabwino, ndipo ndiyosavuta kuphwanya kukhala zinthu za ufa. Katundu wake wa hygroscopic ndiye wocheperako pakati pa zakumwa za shuga ndi zotsekemera za sucrose. Kutentha kwa yankho la erythritol ndi -97.4J/g. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu kwa yankho, imatenga mphamvu zambiri ikasungunuka m'madzi ndipo imakhala ndi kuzizira kwakukulu. Chakudya cholimba ndi confectionery zopangidwa ndi izo zimakhala ndi kukoma kozizirirako zikadyedwa. [6]

M'malo mwake, m'madipatimenti angapo ofunikira apanyumba adawunikiranso mwatsatanetsatane ndikutsimikizira chitetezo cha erythritol. Padziko lonse lapansi, World Health Organisation (WHO), United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), etc., yatsimikizira chitetezo chake, ndipo Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) yaphatikiza erythritol monga gawo la zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Mmalo mwa shuga wachilengedwe, kwenikweni, palinso mfundo "zapamwamba".

Mwachitsanzo, xylitol ndi chotsekemera chachilengedwe chochokera ku birch, oak, corncob, bagasse ndi zinthu zina zopangira mbewu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazakudya za odwala matenda ashuga ndipo ndi cholowa m'malo mwa shuga.

Komabe, "kupanga" xylitol akadali ndi zofooka zina: akadali makamaka mafakitale asidi hydrolysis, amene si kwathunthu "chilengedwe". Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale kuti caloric ndi glycemic index ya xylitol ndi yotsika, si "zero", ndipo kumwa mopitirira muyeso kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta monga kutsekula m'mimba ndi kutsekula m'mimba, komanso kulolerana kumakhala kochepa.

Mosiyana ndi izi, erythritol imakhalanso "yachilengedwe komanso yathanzi" poyang'ana ndondomeko, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa za shuga zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kuyamwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Sizovuta kupeza kuti olowa m'malo a shuga monga erythritol, omwe ali achilengedwe komanso kupanga, akadali chisankho choyamba kwa ogula ambiri kuti akwaniritse "ufulu wokoma".