teapolyphenols (TPs) ndi mawu ambiri a polyhydroxyphenolic compounds mu tiyi, kuphatikizapo flavanols (catechins), flavandiols, flavonoids ndi phenolic acids. Makatekini ndi gulu la zinthu zofunika kwambiri mu tiyi polyphenols, owerengera pafupifupi 60% mpaka 80% ya kuchuluka kwa tiyi polyphenols. Makamaka muli ma monomers 8, kuphatikiza epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, gallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, catechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate ndi epicatechin.

Pokonza tiyi, polyphenol oxidase ndi peroxidase oxidize makatekisini kuti apeze thearubin, theaflavin ndi theaflavin mitundu itatu ya tiyi. Ma TP awa samangopatsa tiyi kukoma kwake ndi mtundu wake, komanso amapindulitsa thanzi la munthu.

Masiku ano, pamene akufuna chitukuko chapamwamba cha zachuma, anthu amaganiziranso za chitukuko chobiriwira ndi kubwezeretsanso. Ma polyphenols a tiyi ali ndi antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer ndi anti-obesity zochita, kotero ofufuza awagwiritsa ntchito muzamankhwala ndi chakudya.

Muzamankhwala, ofufuza akugwiritsa ntchito njira zoperekera kuteteza mankhwala osokoneza bongo mosavuta ndikuwongolera bioavailability yawo; Kuonjezera apo, tiyi ya polyphenols imaphatikizidwa ndi mapuloteni ndi ma polysaccharides kuti apange mankhwala atsopano oteteza dzuwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posamalira khungu, anti-allergenic, anti-pathogen, kukhalabe ndi thanzi la m'kamwa komanso kulamulira lipid metabolism.

M'munda wa kafukufuku chakudya, tiyi polyphenols makamaka pamodzi ndi ma polysaccharides, mapuloteni, etc., kudzera mogwirizana mamolekyu kuwongolera kumverera khalidwe la chakudya, kutalikitsa nthawi yosungirako chakudya, ndi kupanga ma CD zipangizo chakudya. Kutengera izi, tidakambirana za kafukufuku wa tiyi wa polyphenols pazakudya ndi zamankhwala, kuti tipereke zowunikira pakufufuza mozama kwa tiyi polyphenols muzakudya ndi zamankhwala.

1.Physical ndi mankhwala katundu wa tiyi polyphenols

Ma polyphenols a tiyi amachokera ku masamba a tiyi ndipo ndi osakaniza a organic polyhydroxyl mankhwala, kuphatikizapo makatekini, anthocyanins, flavonols ndi phenolic acids, ndi zina zotero. Mbali yaikulu ya antioxidant ndi makatekini. Pakati pawo, epigallocatechin gallate ndi 50% mpaka 60%, epicatechin gallate ndi 15% mpaka 20%, epigallocatechin 10% mpaka 15%, gallatechin 6% mpaka 8% ndi epicatechin 4% mpaka 6%. Pa kutentha, tiyi polyphenols ndi kuwala chikasu kapena kuwala wobiriwira ufa, kulawa astringent, amphamvu asidi kukana, khola pH 2 ~ 7; Ma polyphenols a tiyi ali ndi hygroscopicity ndipo ndi osavuta kusintha mtundu m'malo amchere.

2.Biological ntchito ya tiyi polyphenols

Ma polyphenols a tiyi ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe monga antioxidant, antibacterial ndi anti-mutation, EGCG ndi yochuluka kwambiri mu katekisimu ndipo imasewera ntchito yayikulu ya antioxidant. Zachilengedwe zimachokera ku gulu la phenolic hydroxyl mu tiyi polyphenols, lomwe limasewera zochitika zosiyanasiyana zamoyo mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya. Ntchito zapaderazi zimapangitsa tiyi polyphenols kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzakudya.

Kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi polyphenols muzakudya

1.Kusunga ndi kusunga chakudya

Ma polyphenols a tiyi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posungira chakudya komanso kusungirako chakudya, zotsatira zake zopanda poizoni komanso mawonekedwe achitetezo odyeka zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho choyenera. Itha kuletsa kusinthika kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa chakudya, kuwongolera kukhazikika kwa cellulose, komanso kuteteza michere yazakudya.

2.Replace antioxidants kupanga

Ndi chidwi choperekedwa ku chitetezo chazakudya, tiyi polyphenols pang'onopang'ono m'malo opangira ma antioxidants ngati ma antioxidants achilengedwe. Iwo sangakhoze ntchito nyama ndi masamba mafuta, nyama, zinthu zam'madzi, zipatso ndi masamba zakudya, etc., komanso angagwiritsidwe ntchito pastry, maswiti ndi zina zotero. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti antioxidant ntchito ya tiyi polyphenols idagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba mumafuta ndi zakudya zamafuta. Chifukwa cha zochita za phenol hydroxyl pa phenol hydroxyl pa phenol ya benzene ya katekisimu kuti ipereke haidrojeni, imakhala ndi mphamvu yochepetsera ndipo imakhala yabwino kwambiri yachilengedwe yoteteza mafuta.

The antioxidative limagwirira wa tiyi polyphenols ndi yogwira phenol hydroxyl gulu, monga wopereka haidrojeni, amamanga ku gulu ufulu wa mafuta zidulo, kusokoneza unyolo anachita makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa mafuta, motero limaletsa mapangidwe hydroperoxide. Nthawi yomweyo, tiyi wosungunuka wamafuta a polyphenols amatha kuphatikizira ndi zitsulo zosinthika mumafuta, kotero kuti amataya ntchito yothandiza ndikuthetsa machitidwe oyambira aulere kuchokera kugwero. Kuphatikiza apo, gulu la phenol hydroxyl palokha limapangidwa ndi okosijeni mosavuta, zomwe zimachepetsa mpweya wamafuta mumafuta ndikuchedwetsa kutulutsa kwamafuta.

3.Kukula kwa chakudya chogwira ntchito

Ma polyphenols a tiyi amawonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu pakukula kwa chakudya chogwira ntchito, ndipo kapangidwe kake kapadera kamankhwala kumatsimikizira kuti ali ndi mphamvu yochotsa ma radicals aulere. Ma polyphenols a tiyi ali ndi mphamvu zochepa za REDOX, gulu la polyo-phenol hydroxyl likhoza kupereka haidrojeni kuti isokoneze kapena kuthetseratu machitidwe osakanikirana a unyolo, ndipo mawonekedwe ake apadera a mankhwala amatsimikizira kuti ali ndi mphamvu zochotsa zowonongeka zaulere. Tiyi polyphenols akhoza yambitsa scavenging dongosolo ma free radicals, ndi kuletsa kupanga ma free radicals poletsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni-inducing kusintha zitsulo ma ion a dongosolo oxidase. Monga scavenger wachilengedwe waulere, tiyi polyphenols ndiwothandiza pakusunga thanzi la munthu. Ngakhale kuti China idakali yakhanda pantchito imeneyi, ili ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha chitukuko chamtsogolo.

4.Kugwiritsa ntchito posungira nyama ndi zinthu zam'madzi

Mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka muzakudya za nyama ndi pseudomonas, Enterobacter, staphylococcus ndi salmonella, ndipo mabakiteriya akuluakulu omwe amawononga zinthu zam'madzi ndi mabakiteriya a pseudomonas. Ma polyphenols a tiyi amatha kuletsa kubereka kwa mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana, kuchepetsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni amafuta, kuchedwetsa kuwonongeka, motero kumakulitsa kutsitsimuka kwa nyama ndi zinthu zam'madzi.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, tiyi polyphenols mu nkhumba, ng'ombe, nkhosa ndi nyama zina ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magawo nsomba, surimi, mipira nsomba ndi shrimp ndi zinthu zina zam'madzi akhala linanena mmodzi pambuyo mzake, ndi abwino zachilengedwe mwatsopano kusunga wothandizira. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha maphunziro asonyeza kuti apamwamba ndende ya tiyi polyphenol kuteteza njira, ndi bwino chopinga zotsatira pa tizilombo ta nyama ndi zinthu zam'madzi, koma tiyi polyphenols adzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa maganizo maganizo a nyama, chifukwa mu mtundu wa nyama. Ma polyphenols a tiyi amatha kulepheretsa kukula kwa mitundu yambiri ya mabakiteriya, koma kachitidwe kake sikadziwika bwino.

5. Kugwiritsa ntchito kusunga zipatso ndi masamba

Bwino kulamulira pathological madzi imfa chifukwa zoipa tizilombo pa kuwonongeka zipatso; Ma polyphenols a tiyi ali ndi antioxidant kwenikweni, omwe amatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, kuwongolera ntchito ya polyphenol oxidase, ndikuyambitsa chitetezo cha zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Pa nthawi yomweyo, tiyi polyphenol mamolekyu muli angapo yogwira phenolic hydroxyl magulu, amene mwachindunji kupereka haidrojeni mu mamolekyu kuti vitamini C mu zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, kuti akhalebe yafupika boma ndi kuchepetsa imfa ya vitamini C.

Kuchepa kwa tiyi wa polyphenols wopopera kapena wokutidwa pamwamba pa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kumatha kulepheretsa kuberekana kwa bakiteriya ndikukulitsa moyo watsopano wa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Njira yosungira mwatsopano ndi yovuta, ndipo zinthu zazikulu ndizosiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyi polyphenols imathanso kuchedwetsa nthawi yakucha ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, chifukwa imachepetsa mphamvu yazachilengedwe ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Komabe, njira yosungiramo tiyi ya polyphenols ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba sizifanana, ndipo mlingo wofunikira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndizosiyana, zomwe zimafunikanso kufufuza kwina.

Kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi polyphenols mu mankhwala

1, anti-oxidation ndi anti-radiation

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera, ma polyphenols a tiyi ali ndi mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri ya antioxidant, yomwe imakhala yochulukirapo kuposa ma antioxidants wamba monga VC, VE ndi ma antioxidants opangira BHT, BHA ndi zina zotero. Kuphatikiza apo, ma polyphenols a tiyi amathanso kuchotsa ma radicals owopsa aulere, kukulitsa chitetezo chathupi, komanso zotumphukira za katekisimu zimathanso kuchepetsa kawopsedwe ka zitsulo zolemera pathupi la munthu komanso anti-radiation effect, motero amadziwikanso kuti "radiation busters".

2.Hemostatic ntchito

Tiyi polyphenols ndi antioxidant ndi antibacterial ntchito, kotero iwo akhoza ziletsa kupsyinjika okosijeni ndi kubalana bakiteriya pa bala malo, kulimbikitsa mapangidwe mitsempha m'galasi ndi gawo la kolajeni, yambitsa maselo ofiira ndi neutrophils, ndipo mwamsanga kusiya magazi. Mapuloteni, ma coagulation factor, mapulateleti ndi fibrin pamalo ovulala amaphatikizana ndi tiyi polyphenols kuti apange ma coagulation ndikufulumizitsa kuchira kwa bala.

3.Antitumor therapy

Ma polyphenols a tiyi, makamaka otumphukira a katekisimu, amakhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsana ndi kusintha komanso zotsutsana ndi khansa, zomwe zingalepheretse ndikuletsa njira ya lipid peroxidation, kusunga ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya enzyme m'thupi la munthu, ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino pakupewa ndi chithandizo chothandizira khansa ya m'mimba, khansa ya m'mimba ndi matenda ena.

4, kuchepetsa lipids magazi, ziletsa atherosclerosis

Tiyi polyphenols akhoza kwambiri ziletsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m`thupi okhutira plasma ndi chiwindi, ndi zotsatira za kulimbikitsa excretion ya lipid mankhwala ku ndowe, osati kupewa atherosclerosis, komanso ndi zotsatira za kuwonda. Pakati pawo, EGCG ndi makatekini ena amawongolera kagayidwe ka lipid poletsa kuyamwa kwa michere m'matumbo am'mimba, kuwongolera mapangidwe amafuta amafuta ndi lipids, kuwongolera zomera zam'mimba, ndikuwongolera kukana kwa insulin.

5.Kupewa matenda a mtima

Tiyi polyphenols ndi zabwino kupewa ndi achire zotsatira pa matenda amtima, makamaka chopinga wa atherosclerosis chifukwa mkulu mafuta m`thupi ndi triglyceride okhutira. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyi polyphenols imathanso kuthandizira kusunga ndi kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuwongolera kagayidwe ka shuga kuti muchepetse shuga.

6.Anti-oxidation ndi anti-kukalamba

Ma polyphenols a tiyi amatha kuchotsa ma radicals ochulukirapo m'thupi la munthu ndikuchepetsa kukalamba kwa thupi la munthu. Ntchito ya antioxidant ya tiyi polyphenols ndi yamphamvu kuposa VE, ndipo imakhala yabwinoko ikaphatikizidwa ndi VC ndi VE.

7.Kupewa matenda a Caries

Zatsimikiziridwa kuti tiyi polyphenols amatha kuletsa kwambiri mabakiteriya a cariogenic ndikuchepetsa kwambiri zolengeza ndi periodontal index.

8. Antibacterial ndi antiviral

Ma polyphenols amatha kuyambitsa mapuloteni a cell, denaturate ndi kulepheretsa mapuloteni a cell. Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya antibacterial ndi antiviral tiyi polyphenols, makatekisimu akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito mu air conditioner kunja. EGCG mu TPs imatha kumangirira ku lipid nembanemba ya mabakiteriya ndikukhudza folate metabolism ya mabakiteriya poletsa cytoplasmic enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, motero kukwaniritsa cholinga cha antibacterial.