Amino acid biosynthesis njira sikuti imangogwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazochitika za moyo, komanso imalimbikitsa chitukuko cha kupanga kwa amino acid kothandiza komanso kosawononga chilengedwe komanso kupanga biology pakuwotcha m'mafakitale. Mapuloteni ndiye maziko a moyo, ndipo amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'maselo, kuyambira pakuthandizira kapangidwe kake mpaka kumapangitsa kuti ma cell apangidwe. Mapuloteni onse amapangidwa ndi ma amino acid 20 osiyanasiyana omwe amapangidwa mkati mwa maselo kudzera munjira zovuta za biosynthesis. Kupezeka kwa ma amino acid 20 kunatenga pafupifupi zaka zana, kuyambira ndi kudzipatula koyamba kwa glycine ndi katswiri wamankhwala wa ku France H. Braconnot mu 1820, ndikutha ndi kutulukira kwa threonine ndi W. Rose mu 1935. The biosynthesis wa amino zidulo ndi waukulu zili microbial zikuchokera kagayidwe. Nkhaniyi ikutengerani momwe ma amino acidwa amapangidwira kuchokera ku mamolekyu osavuta komanso momwe amawayika m'magulu. The biosynthesis ya ma amino acid onse amapangidwa ndi nthambi zanjira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapakati za metabolic monga zoyambira. Malinga ndi mtundu wa kalambulabwalo woyambira, biosynthesis ya amino acid imatha kugawidwa m'magulu a 5: magulu a Glutamate, kuphatikiza glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), proline (Pro) ndi arginine (Arg). Kuphatikizika kwa ma amino acid amenewa kumayamba ndi glutamate, molekyu yofunika kwambiri panjira yapakati pa kagayidwe kachakudya. Banja la aspartate limaphatikizapo aspartate (Asp), aspartamide (Asn), lysine (Lys), threonine (Thr), methionine (Met), ndi isoleucine (Ile). Kuphatikizika kwa amino acid kwa banjali kumayamba ndi aspartic acid, yomwe imapangidwanso ndi njira zapakati zama metabolic. Banja la amino acid onunkhira, kuphatikiza phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr), ndi tryptophan (Trp). Kuphatikizika kwa ma amino acid awa kumayamba ndi erythrosis-4-phosphate (E4P) ndi phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), mamolekyu awiri omwenso ndi ofunikira pakati panjira zama metabolic. Banja la serine limaphatikizapo serine (Ser), glycine (Gly), ndi cysteine ??(Cys). Kuphatikizika kwa amino acid kwa banjali kumayamba ndi serine, yomwe ndi gawo loyambira la njira zambiri za biosynthetic. Gulu la alanine limaphatikizapo alanine (Ala), valine (Val) ndi leucine (Leu). Ngakhale ma amino acid awa ali m'mabanja osiyanasiyana, amakhala ndi machitidwe ofanana panthawi ya kaphatikizidwe, ndipo machitidwewa nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi gulu limodzi la michere.

Isoleucine, valine, ndi leucine, ngakhale kuti ali m’mabanja osiyanasiyana, ali ndi zochita zofananazo zochititsidwa ndi enzyme imodzi. Kutembenuka kwa serine kukhala cysteine ????ndiko kuchitapo kwakukulu kwa assimilative sulfate kuchepetsa. Biosynthesis wa onunkhira amino asidi gulu unayambitsidwa ndi erythrosis-4-P ndi PEP. Biosynthesis ya histidine ndi yapadera, ndipo chimango chake cha carbon chimachokera ku phosphoribose pyrophosphate (PRPP). Ma C awiri mu ribose ya PRPP amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphete ya imidazole yokhala ndi mamembala 5, ndipo ena onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga unyolo wam'mbali wa 3C. The biosynthesis ya amino acid imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwotchera kwa mafakitale. Sikuti ndi gawo lofunikira pakukula kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono komanso zochita za kagayidwe kachakudya, komanso ndizofunikira kwambiri pazinthu zambiri zofufumitsa. Kupanga ma amino acid ndi fermentation ya microbial kumatha kupanga bwino komanso kotsika mtengo pomwe kumachepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe, komwe kuli kofunikira pazakudya, chakudya, mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena.

Kuphatikiza apo, biosynthesis ya amino acid yalimbikitsa chitukuko cha biology yopangira ndi uinjiniya wa metabolic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma amino acid enieni ndi zotumphukira zake ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Izi sizimangowonjezera luso la kupanga, komanso zimaperekanso nsanja yopangira zinthu zatsopano zasayansi yazachilengedwe ndikukulitsanso kuchuluka kwa kupesa kwa mafakitale.