1. Direct m'zigawo njira

Xylitol idasiyanitsidwa koyamba ndi khungwa la mitengo ya oak ndi wasayansi waku Germany Hermann Emil Fischer mu 1890. Xylitol mwachilengedwe amapezeka muzomera zopangira zachilengedwe, monga sitiroberi, ma plums achikasu, kolifulawa, ndi zipatso zina ndi ndiwo zamasamba (300-935 mg / 100 g kulemera kowuma). Kutulutsa kosungunulira kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mwachindunji xylitol kuchokera kuzinthu zopangidwa ndi mbewu, koma zomwe zili mu xylitol ndizochepa pazomera monga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Ngakhale zili xylitol mu apurikoti plums ndi apamwamba kuposa zipangizo zomera ofotokoza, ndipo zili xylitol mu plums wobiriwira nkhani pafupifupi 1% youma kulemera, mwachindunji yopezera xylitol kwa iwo kumafuna zida zapaderazi, amadya mphamvu yaikulu, ndipo ali ndi mtengo kupanga.

2. Chemical synthesis njira

M'zaka za m'ma 1970, dziko la Finland linali loyamba kugwiritsa ntchito chromatography kuti alekanitse D-xylose kuchokera ku ma hemicellulose osiyanasiyana. Pambuyo pake, D-xylose idachepetsedwa kukhala xylitol pansi pa kutentha kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri, ndi hydrogen catalysis, ndipo idapangidwa kukhala njira yopangira xylitol yamakampani.

Xylitol ikhoza kuchepetsedwa mwachindunji kukhala D-xylose yoyera kudzera mu kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala, kapena kupangidwa kuchokera ku lignocellulosic biomass wolemera mu xylose. Kupanga kwa xylitol m'nyumba ndi m'mayiko ambiri nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopangira pentose polysaccharides, monga udzu wa tirigu, tirigu, stover ya chimanga, chimanga cha chimanga, etc. Pansi pa chothandizira, xylose imakumana ndi hydrogenation reaction.

3. Njira yosinthira kwachilengedwe

Njira ya biotechnology imakhudzanso hydrolysis ya zinyalala zaulimi zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wa pentose (monga zitsononkho za chimanga, bagasse, ndi maolivi pomace) ndi asidi osungunuka kuti apeze xylose hydrolysate, yomwe imasinthidwa kukhala xylitol ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a hemicellulose hydrolyzate kupanga xylitol ali ndi ubwino wa zinthu wofatsa anachita, ntchito yosavuta, ubwenzi chilengedwe, otsika kuipitsa wachibale, ndi odalirika mankhwala khalidwe, kupangitsa kukhala kuthekera otsika mtengo njira njira kupeza polyol.

Njira yopanga xylitol ndi yayitali, koma njira zingapo zofunika ziyenera kugwiridwa kuti zitsimikizire mtundu wa zinthu za xylitol komanso kupita patsogolo kwabwino kwa kupanga. Izi zimadziwika kuti njira yogwirira ntchito. Njira zingapo zazikulu zikamalizidwa, mfundo zazikulu za kupanga xylitol zimazindikirika.

?