???????, ????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????????

???????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?????, HMB-Ca ????? ???????? ???? ?????????? (??????????) ? ???????? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? 65 ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ???????? 3 ????? HMB-Ca ??????? ??????, ????? ???????? ????? ????, 12 ?????? ???, ??????????? ???????? ???????? 1.2 ????????? ?????? ?????, ?????? ????? 14% ?????? ?????, ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? 23% 34 ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????????:

?

? mTOR ???? ????????? ? : ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? 38% ?????? ?

? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ?: ???????? ???????? ?????? (??????? MuRF1) ? ??????? 41% ????? ??????

? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?: ????-???????????? ???????? IL-6 ? ?????? 29% ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?

??????????-????????? ?????????, ???????? D3 ???? HMB-Ca ? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? 17% ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????????-????????? ?????????? ????????? (SASP) ????????????? 34% ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ???? HMB-Ca ? ???????? II ?????????? ??????? ?????, ??? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? 19% ?????? ?????????

?

?. ?????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????????

?????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????????? HMB-Ca ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????:

?

? ????? ??????????? ???????? ? : ??????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????-3 ?????? ????? ???? 3 ????? HMB-Ca ? ????????? ?????????????? ????? ???????? ??????? 62% ????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ???????? 38% ?????? ?????????

? ????? ?????? ?????? ? : ???? ????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? 30% HMB-Ca ????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??????, ???? ????? ???? ??? 5-7 ??? ????? ???, ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? 41% ????? ????

? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ? : COPD ??????????? HMB-Ca ??? ??????????? ????? ????? ????? ???????, 6 ??? ???, 6 ?????? ?????? ????? 82 ???? ?????? ?????, ??????????? ????????? ????? 21% ?????? ??????

?????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???? US FDA HMB-Ca ?? "???? ???" ????? ??????? ?????, ??? ???????? III ?????????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? 28% ?????? ????? ??? ????????????? ??????????? ??????????? 19% ?????? ??????

?

?. ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????

????????????? ???????????? ??????????? HMB-Ca ? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????:

?

? ???????? ???????????? ? : ????? 2 ?????? ??????? ????????? 12 ?????? ???? HMB-Ca ???? ???????, HOMA-IR ???????? 23% ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? 37% ?????? ??????

? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ? : AMPK ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ???? ??????????????? ?????? 29% ????? ????? ??? ????????????? ???? 18% ?????? ??????

? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ?: ????????????/?????????????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????-???? ?????? ????? ??????? 42% ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? 31% ????? ????? ?

??-????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????????, ?????????? ???? HMB-Ca ? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??????? 1.2 ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ALT ???????? ????? 68% ?57 ?? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ?? RCT ?????? 24 ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? (ASCVD) ?? 19% ????? ??????????

?

?. ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???????

HMB-Ca ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????:

?

? ?????-???????????? ???????? ? : ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????, ???????????? 3 ??? ??????? 6 ????? HMB-Ca/??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ??? 2.3 ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? 2.5 ??? ????? ??????? ?

? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ? : ????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????????? HMB-Ca ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????????????? ???? 41% ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? 57% ?????? ????????

? ????? ???????? ?????? ? : ???????? ???? ????????? HMB-Ca (50mg/kg/d) ? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? 24% ??? ??????????????????? ????? 19% ?????? ??????

???? ????? ????????? ????? HMB-Ca ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?8 ???? 6?? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? HMB-Ca ???????-?????? ????????????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ????? 91% ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ±7% ????????? ???????? ?????????

?

?.?????? ???????? ???? ???????

????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????, ???????? ?????????? HMB-Ca ? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????:

?

? ?????? ???? ???????? ? : ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????, HMB-Ca ??? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? 6 ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????-????????? ????????? 17% ??? ADL ??????? 23% ?????? ????????

? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ? : ????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ???, HMB-Ca ???????, ????????????? ??????? ?????? 58% ?????, 3-4 ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?

? ????????? ???????? ?????? ? : ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? 3 ????? HMB-Ca ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????????????? ???????? ????? 72% ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? 39% ????? ??????

?????? ???? ??????? ?????????, HMB-Ca ????????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? 44% ??? ???????? ????????? ??????? 51% ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ????-??????? ????? 2 ?????? ??????? HMB-Ca ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? 37% ????? ????????

?

?. ???????? ????: ??? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ??????

HMB-Ca ? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????:

?

? ???? ??????? ?????? ? : ?????????? ??????????????? HMB-Ca ? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? 3.7 ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? 72 ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?

? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ? : HMB-Ca ? ????? 62% ????? ?????, HMB-CA ? ??????? 99.9% ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?

? ???????? ????????? ????????? ? : ????????????? ??????? ???????? HMB-Ca ??????? ?????????-?????? ??????, ?????-????? EMG ? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????

???? ?????? ??????????? HMB ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ??????, ??? CRISPR-Cas9-??????????? HMB ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? 29% ????????? ?????? ????? ? | ?????? ????? HMB-Ca ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? 2.8 ??? ???? |

??????? ??? ?????? ??????????????

???? HMB-Ca ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????, ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????:

?

? ???? ????????? ? : ?????????? ??????? 5 ?????/??? ??????? ? ??????? ??????? ????????, ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?

? ??? ?????????????? ? : ????? ????? ???? 2-3 ?? ?????? ??????? ??????, ??? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?

? ???????? ? : ???????????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? mTOR ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?

????????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????????? (ISSN) ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?? 2-3 ?????? ???? HMB-Ca ? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???, ??? ???????????? ???? 1-2 ?????/??? ? ????????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????, HMB-Ca ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ???-??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????? ?