???????? ? (?????????)??????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????? (FAO) ??? ????? ????????? ????? (WHO) (INS ?????: E307-309) ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????, ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? 2024 ???? ???????, ???????? E ????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????????.?? ?????? ???????? ????, ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? 8.7%? ???? ??? ????????????? ?????? ???????????:

• ????? ????? ??????:??? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????, ??? ?????, ????? ???????? ???? ????? 30% ?? 50% ????????? ?????? ????????????
• ???????? ????? ??????:?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????, ???? ????????? ??????? ???????
• ??????? ???????????? ??????:"?????? ?????" ???? ???? ???? (?????? ??????, ?????? ??% ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????)?

?????, ???????-???????????? ????? (UPF)? ?????? ????, ???????? E ? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????

?????? ????????: ???????????? ??????? ???? ?????????

(?) ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????

• ????????????????????? ???????????????:?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????????????? ?? ?????????????? ????? (?????? ??????, ??? ??????????????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? 62% ????? ?????)?
• ????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????????:
  • ????????? ???? (???????? ??? ????????????? ??????????) ?????? (???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???), ?????? ???? ??? ???????? 20% ?????
  • ??????? ?????? (dl-α -?????????) ????? 75% ???? ??????? ?????? (??????? n-????????) ? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????

(2) ?????? ??????????? ??? ????

????? ???? ??? ?????? (??????/??????) ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? 50-200 ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??? 100-500 ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? 30-100 ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? 200-400 ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????

??????? ?????: ????????? ??????????? ????????

(?) ?????? ????????? ????????

• ???????, "GB 14880-2012" ???????, ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? 200mg/kg, ???????? ??????? ????????, ????? 300mg/kg ????????? ???? ?????????
• ?????? ?????????????: ??????? 2023 ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? E ??????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ????? ?????? 37% ?????? ????????

(?) ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????

?????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????? 1,000 ???????????? ?????? ???????? ??:

• ??% ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? "??????? ? ???? ????? = ???????"
• ???? ??% ????? ????????? ??? ???? (??????????) ?????? ???? ?????
• ??% ??????? ??????????????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???????

?????? ???????: ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????

(?) ??????????????? ?????? ???

• ????? ??????????-?????? ???????????????:??????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????-?????????? ???????? ? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ???? ?????????
• ??? ???????? ??????:?????????? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???, ???? ?????? 40% ????? ????

(?) ???????? ???????

• ??????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????: "??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????"
• ??????? FDA ??????????? ????? ?????: "???????? E ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????, ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????????"

???????

???????? ?, ?? ????? ?????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????????????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? "????? ????? ??????" ??? "????????? ???????" ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????