???? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??, ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ??? '?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??, ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????, ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????, ????, ??? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? '?? ????? ???? (????? ?? ?????????, ???, ???, ???) ??? ????? ???? (????? ?? ???????? ????, ??? ?? ????) ???? ????? ????? ??, ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ??, ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? 6 ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??:

1) ???? ???? ?????? (??????): ??????, ????? ??????, ??????? ???????, ??????? ???????, 2-???????-3-????? ???????, ??? (2-??????-3-?????) ?????????, ?????? ???????????????? (??????), ???;

2) ????? ????: ?????? ???????? (MSG), ?????? ??????? (IMP), ?????? ???????? (GMP), ?????? ??????? + ?????? ???????? (I+ G), ?????????? ???????? (MSS), ????????? ???????? (DSS), ???;

3) ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????: ????? ?? ??? ?? ???, ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???, ?????? ??? ?????? ????;

4) ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????: ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ??;

5) ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????: ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????, ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????

??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??:

1) ????? ??? ??, ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??;

2) ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????, ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??, ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??, ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??, ????????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??, ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??;

3) ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????, ?? ?????? ???? ?????;

4) ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??, ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??, ?? ?????? ??? ??????, ???, ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??;

5) ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??, ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??, ????? ?? ???????, ??????, ???;

6) ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? '?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? '?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????, ????? ?? ??????, ????? ??????, ???, ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? '?? ????????? ??? ???? ?????, ????? ?? ??????? ???????, ??????, ???;

7) ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????, ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???

???-??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???-????

?, ?????? ???? ?????? ???????

(a) ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??, ??? ??? ?????? ?? GC/MS ????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??, 1% ??? 20% ?? ???? ????? (???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??, ?????? ??? ??? ??)? ?????? (??????, ??????), ?????? ?? ????? ???, ???????, ???????, ?????? ??? 2-?????????????????? ????, ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??, ?????? ?????? ??????, ?????, 93 ℃ '?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???-?????? ????, ???? ?????, ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? (?????2????), ?????? ??? '?? 2-????? ???????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??, ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??, ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??, ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? (PG) ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? 4 ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??: 1) ????? ???? ????? ???????????? ????? ??, ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????, ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???; 2) ??????? ??????? ????, ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??, ?? ???? ??????? ????, ????? ???????????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??; 3) ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? 3-8 ???? ????? ??, ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??; 4) ???? I + G, MSG, MCP ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????, ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???

(b) MCPMCP, ?????? 3-??????-1, 2-????????????????? ??? 3-??????-2-??????????-2-????????????-1-?? ?? ???? ????? ??, ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??, ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? MCP ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??, ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????, MCP ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????

(3) ???????? ???????, ?????? ???? ???????, 2-?????? ????????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????, ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??, ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??, ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? 1% ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???, ????? ??? ??? (??? ????) ?? ???? ???? ????? ??, ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? GC/MS ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????, ??????? ??????? ??? 1% ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???

(4) ???????; ???????) ?????? ??? 2, 5-?????????-4-??????????-3 (2H) -???????, ??? ???? ????, ???? ????? ????, ??????? ??? 1960 ?? ????? ?? ????? ????, ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??, ?? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????, ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??, ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??, ?????? ?????? ?? ???, ????? ??????, ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??, ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? 5.5 ??? 6 ????? ??? ?????? ?? 16 ??? 20 ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? GC/MS ????????? ????, ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??, ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? 5% ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????, ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??, ?? ??????, ???????, ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??, ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??????, ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? '?? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??, ??? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??, ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????, ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????, (I + G) ??? MSG ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? 1 ???? ??????? ???? ???

(5) ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??: 2-??????-3-????? ???????, ??? (2-??????-3-?????) ?????????, 2-??????-3-??????-???????, 2-??????-3-????????????????? ???????, ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??, ?? ??? ???? ?? ????, ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???

????, ????? ???? ????

(a) MSGMSG MSG ??, ?????? L-???????? ??????, ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? MSG ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??, ??? ???? ?????, ????? ??? ????? ???? ??, ??? ???? ?? ???? 0.014% ??? MSG ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? '?? ??? ???? ??, ??? ????? ??? ????-????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??, ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??, ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???

MSG ?? IMP, GMP ??? (I + G) ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? (MSG + IMP) 0.05 g/L ???? ???????? '??, ???? MSG∶IMP = 1∶1 ????? ??, ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? '?? ????? ????? ??; MSG ??? IMP ?? ?????? ????, IMP ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? 50% ??? ?? ???, ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ??? IMP ?? ???? ???? 50% ??? 100% ??? ?? ???, ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ???

MSG ??? ???? (I + G) ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??MSG ???? ?? ???, 99% MSG+ 1% (I + G) ??? 2 ???? ????? ?? ???? ??, 98% MSG+ 2% (I + G) ??? 3.5 ???? ????? ?? ???? ??; 96% MSG+ 4% (I + G) ??? 5 ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????, MSG ??? ???? (I + G) ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??, ??? ??? ????? ????? 1 ???? ????? ?? ???

(2) IMP, GMP ??? (I + G) IMP ??? GMP ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???, ??? ??? ????, ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??????, ??, ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? IMP ??? GMP ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??, ??? GMP ?? ????? ?????? IMP ????? ???? 3 ???? ?????? ????? ??, ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? '?? ????? ??? '?? ????? ????? ?? (???, I + G, IMP ??? GMP ???? ?? 50% ????)? MSG, IMP, GMP, (I + G) ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????, ??????, ??? ?? ????, ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???

(3) MSS ??? DSSMSS, DSS ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??, ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? '?? ?????, ????????? (????? ?? ???? ???, ???, ????, ?????, ??????, ????, ???) ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???, ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? MSG ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???

3. ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???

?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??, ??? ???? ????? 10 ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? (????? ?? ?????????????, ?????, ??????????????, ??????, 5-????????????, ???), ?? ????? (?????, ???????, ???) ??? 10 ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ??? ????? ??? ????, ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????????????, ??????, ????????, ?????, ????, ?????, ?????, ??????, ??????????, ??????, ????????, ????????, ?????????, ???????, ??????, ??????? ??? ?????? ??? 208 ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? 17 ????????? ????? ??? ????-?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??, ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??, ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????, ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? '?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????, ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??, ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????, ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??, ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???

????, ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????????

?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??, ?????? ????: 1) VB1 → bis (2-??????-3-???????) ?????????; 2) α-???????????? ????? + (NH4) 2S →H2S, ???; 3) ???????? + (NH4) 2S →H2S, ???; 4) ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? + (NH4) 2S →H2S, ????

??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????, ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??, ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????, ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? '?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????, ?? ??? '??, MSG, (I + G), ???????, ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??, ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? MSS, DSS, ??? ?? ??? ???, ???, ???, ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???