? ???? ?????:

?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ????????: ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??, ??? ???? ??????, ??????????????, ???-?????? ?????? (UHT), ???????, ???????, ??? ??? ?? ??? '?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (?? ??? '?? ≤ 180 ° C) ????? ???

??????? ??????: ???? ???? ?????? ????-????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???

?????? ????????: ??? ??? ??? ????, ????? ????? (????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????) ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??????

???? ??? ??????????: ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? '?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? (?????? ???? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ??????????), ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? '?? ?????? ?????????? ?? (?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??)?

?? ??? ?????? ??? ????:

??? ?????? ????????:

??????????? 160 ° C ??? 180 ° C ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? '?? ???? ?????? ??, ????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????, ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? '?? ????? ????? ???

?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? (????? ?? UHT, 135-150 ° C, ??? ?????) ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? (?? ??? '?? ≤ 121 ° C) ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???

??? ?? ???????? ????? (??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? '?? 160-190 ° C ????? ??), ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????, ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???

?????? ????:

???-????? ???? ?????????: ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ?? (???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????), ?????? ?????????? (??? ???????/????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ????) ??? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???

?????? ???????? ????: ??? ?? ???? ???????????? ????, ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????-??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???

?????? ???????? (???-???):

???: ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? (?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ???) ?? ????, ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??, ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? '?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????

???/??????????: ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????-??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??, ?? ?? ????? ???? ??????? '?? ?? ???? ??-???? ?? ???? ??, ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??????

??????????? ???????: ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???-?????? ?? ???? (????? ?? ??????) ??? ???? ??, ???????????? (????? ?? ???????????????) ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???

?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? (???-??????):

????? ????>200°C/???? ???? ??? ???: ???????? ????? ???????? ????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? (????? ?? 200°C ??? ???) ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? (????? ?? ????? ???), ?????????????? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??????, ?? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????

???? ????/???? ????+??? ??????: ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? pH ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??, ?? ???? ?????? pH ?????? (????? ?? ???? ???? pH12) ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???

?? ???:

????? ???? ??????????, ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????, ??????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? (UHT ????, ?????? ??? ????), ???? ????, ?????, ??? ?????, ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???

?

?? ??, ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? (????? ?? ???? ??????, ?????? ???? ???, ??? ??? ???? ?????, ??????? ??????, ???), ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???