????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ??, ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??:

1, ???? ???????????? ???? ????
???? ??? ?????

??????????: ??? ?????? ??? ?????? (????/??? ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ??), ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???
????????: ??? ???? ??? '?? ?????????? ????? (???????????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??????????), ????? ?????? ?????? ???
??????? ??? ?????

?????????:
? ?????: ????? ????????? ??????? (FDA, EFSA, ???) ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????
?? ???? ???: 2023 ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????????????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? (???? ?? ?????? ???? ???)?
????????:
?? ?????: 2023 ????, ????? WHO ?? ????? ????? IARC ????? ????? 2B ??????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? (?????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????), ?? ????? ??? ?? ADI ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???
?? ?????: ?????????????? (??????) ???? ??????? ??? (???????????? ????) ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????
2, ???? ??? ???? ??????
????????????? ????????? ????????
???????? 0.24 kcal/g (?????? ????) 4 kcal/g (?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??, ??? ???? 0 ???????? ?? ????)
????????? ?????? (GI) 0 (???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????) 0 (???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????)
???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??????/??? (??? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????) ?? ???? ?? ???? ???
????????? ????: ???? ???? ???? ????? → ?????? ???? ????? (90% ???????????? ????), ???? ???? ????????????/???????? ???? ???? ?????? (???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??)
3, ??????? ????? ?? ?????
????? ??? ????

?????????:
??????? ?? ????? ≈ 60-70%, ?????? ????? ???? (????????? ??????), ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????
?????: ?????? ?? ??????, ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? (??????? ?? 1:1 ???)?
????????:
????? ??????? ????? ≈ 200 ????, ???-?????? ???? ??????
??????: ?????? ????/???? ????, ??? ?????? (>150 ℃) '?? ????? (?????? ?? ?????? ????)?
????????? ??????

??????????: ???? ????, ??????, ??? ???? ?????, ????????
????????: ???? ??????, ????? ???? ????, ????, ??? ?????? ???? ????? (??? ??? ??? ???)?
4, ??????? ????? ?? ????
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????? ?? ????? ? ???????? (????? ???) ? ???????? (????? ???)
??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? (????? ?? ????) ? ??? ????? ??? '?? ??????? ?????? ????
?????????????? (PKU) ? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????
????/?????? ????? ? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ??????? (?? ?????????)
5, ????? ??????? ?? ???
????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????:
?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????: ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????
??? ?????? '?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??: ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? 1:1 ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???
?????? ??????? ??? ????: ??? ????????????? ?? ???? ????, ??? ?????? ???? ?????
???????? ?? ??? ????? ??????:
???? ?????? ??????: ????? ???? ??? ?? (1 ????? ≈ 200 ????? ???), ??? ?????? ????? ???
??? ???? ???? ??????: ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? (?? ??? '?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??)?
???? ?????: ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??, ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???
??? ?? ?????:
??????? ?? ?????: ????? ????? ????? ??, ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? (????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??)?
??? ????????????? ???? ???? ??????: ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? (????????? '?? ????? ??? ??? ??)?
?????? ?? ???: ????????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? (???? ?? ????? ???? ??? '?? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??)?
?????? ?????/?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??: ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???