Wabonye ko kurya imbuto ari nko kurya isukari ubu? Watermelon, melon ninzabibu biraryoshye, kandi imbuto zishaka, zizwiho gusharira no kuryoha, zifite ubwoko bwiza butoshye. Barimo kuryoha, kandi ntabwo ari imbuto - ziryoshye, zisharira, imbuto. None byagenze bite uburyohe bwimbuto bwubwana? Byasimbuwe nikoranabuhanga nakazi gakomeye?

"Igitero Cyiza Cyane" Iyi "imyigaragambyo iryoshye" itangirana n'imbuto nziza. Mu myaka yashize, imbuto nziza zagiye zigaragara nyuma yizindi: ubururu, avoka, kiwifruit, cheri ... Buri kimwe gihenze kurusha icya nyuma, hamwe nubururu bugura amayero 19.9 kumasanduku nto, kiwifruit ya zahabu yo muri Nouvelle-Zélande igura amafaranga 10 na cheri yo muri Chili igurishwa ku giciro cya 75 ku njangwe. Buri wese ahenze bihagije murwego rwo hagati kandi ahenze bihagije kubantu basanzwe. Usibye avoka kumurongo wa fitness, izo mbuto nziza zifite ibyiza rusange: ubunini bunini, isura nziza, nuburyohe bwinshi. Cherry itondekanya ukurikije ubunini bwa diameter, kuva J kugeza kuri JJJ, niko urwego ruhenze cyane. Strawberry itukura ni urwego rwo kugaragara rwiki gice, ibara ryiza, hariho "ruby" igaragara. Mu myaka yashize, imbuto ntoya yubururu yagaragaye mm 24 "Big MAC" imbuto nini, igiciro kigera kuri 30 yuan / agasanduku muri supermarkets, kandi kiryoha inzabibu nziza.

Hamwe n "" binini, biryoshye kandi byiza cyane ", imbuto nziza zikundwa buhoro buhoro n’abaguzi, kandi zikongera ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Mu myaka irindwi ishize, Chili yoherezwa mu Bushinwa yiyongereye ku kigereranyo cya buri mwaka kingana na 29%. Mu 2023, Nouvelle-Zélande yohereje mu Bushinwa toni 104.000 za kiwifruit, zifite agaciro ka miliyari 3.16. Kimwe n'inyenyeri zizamuka mu nganda zikora ibigirwamana, imbuto zishakishwa cyane n'imbuto nziza nazo "zihindura" amahame yinganda. Kurugero, imbuto nyinshi ninshi zatangiye kugira amanota, amakomamanga yoroshye-imbuto yo muri Tuniziya kugeza ku byiciro bitanu; Imbuto zifite amazina zagaragaye buhoro buhoro: igitoki cyiza cyane, isukari yinzuki, inanasi yumukara wa diamant, Zhangji strawberry, garmelon ya Kylin, pach ya Yangshan ... Uburyohe bwimbuto nabwo bugenda bwiyongera buhoro buhoro muriki gikorwa. Muri 2009, impuzandengo yisukari yibintu birindwi byimbuto za watermelon ku isoko ntibyari munsi ya 10%, naho isukari nyinshi yari 11.7% gusa. Muri iki gihe, ubwoko bwinshi bwa dessert ni bwinshi, nka 8424, Kirin na karbine yo mu ntangiriro, hamwe nisukari igera kuri 13.5% mu bigo 2K byo muri Amerika. Mu myaka ya za 90, isukari ya orange orange yari hafi 7%, naho mu myaka yashize, isukari ya Prince nziza orange ni hejuru ya 11%. Ndetse n'ubururu buto butoshye burimo isukari inshuro eshanu nkuko byagenze mu myaka 10 ishize. Muri rusange, umurima wimbuto uratunganijwe kandi ugashyirwa ku rutonde. Mubyongeyeho, usibye ubuyobozi bwimbuto nziza, imirima ijana nayo yatanze imisanzu myinshi. Hashingiwe ku buryohe, Baiyuoru yashyizeho uburyo bwo gutanga amanota meza yo mu rwego rwa enye, aribyo, umukono, amanota A, B na C, hamwe n'ibipimo byihariye birimo "dogere enye, umutekano umwe", ni ukuvuga aside aside, ishya, gushya, ubwuzu, uburyohe n'umutekano, byuzuzwa n'ubunini, ibara, inenge n'ibindi.

Kwimuka bizwi kandi nkicyiciro cya mbere cyuzuye-murwego rwimbuto. Imbuto zari zimeze gute kera? Umuntu wese afite igitekerezo cye. Hano hari amahame amwe yimbuto nziza, hamwe namakuru afatika kubunini, imiterere nuburyohe. Ibi birahindura abaguzi, nyuma ya byose, ibipimo birarenze kuruta uburyohe bwimbuto. Dufashe urugero rwa kiwifruit, muri supermarket no mububiko bwimbuto, kiwifruit ya zahabu ya Jia Pei ihora ihenze cyane kandi ihora ishyirwa mumwanya wabigenewe, bigatuma abantu batabishaka batekereza ko ubuso bunini, bwuzuye, bworoshye kiwifruit nubwiza bwiza. Mugihe kimwe, uruhande rwumusaruro narwo rubona intego zo kunoza. Ubworozi nuburyo nyamukuru, buzwi nka "hexagonal longan" "ubuki bworoshye" isukari igera kuri 20-24%, ni ubwoko bushya bwumusaraba wa longan na litchi, nitsinda ryakozwe na Professor Liu Chengming muri kaminuza y’ubuhinzi y’Ubushinwa. Ubuhanga bwo guhinga bugenda bwiyongera nabwo burafasha. Kuvanga ifumbire, kuzamura ubutaka no kongera itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati yumunsi nijoro byose bifasha imbuto kwegeranya isukari. Turashobora kuvuga ko gukundwa kwimbuto nziza byageze kuri "imbuto nziza", abaguzi babona ubuziranenge, iherezo ryumusaruro ribona inyungu, impirimbanyi zitangwa nibisabwa, hanyuma mugihe cyo gufatanya nimpande zombi, isoko ryimbuto zose riratera imbere mubyerekezo "biryoshye cyane".

Ariko amasoko arashobora kuva mu ntoki. Urugero rwiza ni izuba Rirashe, riva mubidasanzwe bikarengerwa, biryoshye bikarambirana mumyaka irindwi gusa. Ahagana mu mwaka wa 2016, izuba ryagurishijwe ku giciro cya Yuan 300 kubera umusaruro muto, inyama zoroshye kandi ziryoshye, hamwe n’impumuro nziza ya roza, bityo ryiswe "Herume mu nganda zinzabibu". Igiciro kinini cyatumye inganda zinzabibu zikungahaye cyane, inganda zikwirakwiza amakuru nkaya: Shaanxi Weinan umuhinzi kuri hegitari 5 zinzabibu inyungu zunguka 680.000. Ku bahinzi b'imbuto, inyungu nyinshi nizo mbaraga nziza zo gutwara, zahuriranye n’ikoranabuhanga ryo guhinga ry’izuba ryazamutse mu mwaka wa 2016 amaherezo rikuze, ubu bwoko ntibutora ubutaka, bityo hatangiye gahunda nini yo gutera igihugu. Uyu mwaka, ahantu ho gutera izuba ryizuba murugo ni 100.000 mu, ibintu ntibisanzwe kubwagaciro. Kugeza mu 2021, ubwo bwoko buzaba bumaze gukwirakwira mu gihugu hose, butanga umusaruro ugana mu majyaruguru nka Shaanxi, Ningxia na Sinayi, ndetse no mu majyepfo nka Guangxi, Hunan na Yunnan. Dukurikije raporo ya "2022 Ubushinwa Izuba Rirashe Imizabibu Inganda Zisesengura Raporo" zashyizwe ahagaragara na Cloud Fruit Industry Brain, ubuso bw’igihugu bw’izuba mu 2021 ni 312.100 mu, bwiyongereyeho 211.79% mu myaka itanu.

Mu rwego rwo guhatanira isoko, abantu bamwe batangiye gufata inzira nyinshi - ubwinshi nigiciro gito, muri rusange ku musaruro w’ibiro bigera ku 3.000, abahinzi b’imbuto bamwe bongereye umusaruro wa mu kugeza ku biro 6.000 cyangwa ndetse n’ibiro 10,000. Byagenda bite se niba twongera umusaruro? Bulking agent nigikoresho cyiza, nyuma yo gukoreshwa cyane, umutwe wizuba ryizuba ryuzuye bihagije, fungura reba, ariko ni ubusa. Ubusanzwe, mubikorwa bya siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga hamwe nibikorwa bikomeye, imbuto ntizishobora kumara igihe gisanzwe cyo gukura, gukuramo intungamubiri zubutaka zihagije, bikavamo gukura kutuzuye. Kugirango isoko ryihuse, abahinzi bimbuto bamwe bakoresheje ibikoresho byeze kugirango byihutishe igihe cyera cyimbuto. Ku isoko, iyo umuntu atangiye guhatanira ku giciro gito, hazaba abantu benshi bakina ku giciro gito, kandi isoko ry’ikawa n’amata isoko ry’icyayi rikaba ribi, ibyo bigatuma habaho igisubizo: igiciro cy’amaroza yizuba kigenda kigabanuka, kandi ubwiza buragenda bugabanuka. Amaherezo, "bisekeje biryoshye" na "nta mpumuro nziza" byahindutse abantu benshi basubiramo, kandi izo mbuto zitemba hejuru zaguye kuri pase mumwaka wa 2023. Nibatangira guca inguni, abahinzi bazabona byinshi. Usibye kwagura abakozi no kwera, hariho uburyohe hamwe na deacidifiers, haba muri Pin-duo cyangwa Alibaba gushakisha "imbuto nziza", urashobora kubona ibicuruzwa byinshi, interuro yo kwamamaza nayo irashimishije cyane: spray iraryoshye cyane; Amenyo meza, aryoshye kurenza dogere 15. Ku bahinzi b'imbuto bashishikaye, kuki uhangayikishijwe no guhinga mugihe bashobora gufata shortcut? Imiterere nini ni uko Ubushinwa bukoresha imbuto nini. Amakuru ya Frost & Sullivan yerekana ko ingano y’isoko ry’imbuto z’Ubushinwa mu 2021 ari tiriyoni 1,22, kandi biteganijwe ko mu 2026, biteganijwe ko inganda ziziyongera kugera kuri tiriyari 1.8.