Uko abatuye isi bagenda basaza, indwara ziterwa n'imyaka idakira nka diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso n'umubyibuho ukabije uragenda wiyongera, kandi izo ndwara ziterwa na metabolike zitera umutwaro uremereye abantu bakuze kandi byongera ibyago byo kurwara umutima. Umutima kandi uhinduka nabi uko imyaka igenda ishira, amaherezo biganisha ku ndwara zitandukanye zifata umutima.

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Indwara z'umutima n'imitsi (CVD) ni ikintu gikomeye kibangamira ubuzima bwa muntu n'ubuzima bw'indwara zisanzwe, zikunze kugaragara ku bantu barengeje imyaka 50, bafite ibibazo byinshi, ubumuga bukabije ndetse n'impfu nyinshi. CVD ifitanye isano na fibrosis ya myocardial, kugabanuka kwa autofagy, kwiyongera kwa okiside ya mitochondrial no kutagira metabolike. Kubwibyo, kuvura impamvu yambere ya CVD biracyari ikibazo cyihutirwa mubumenyi bugezweho nubuvuzi.

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Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekanye imikoreshereze y’ibicuruzwa bisanzwe mu gukumira no kuvura CVD. Ibicuruzwa karemano nicyiciro kinini cyibinyabuzima bifite ibikorwa byinshi byibinyabuzima, biboneka cyane cyane mubihingwa biribwa nubuvuzi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko uburyo bwibikorwa byo kuvura ibicuruzwa bisanzwe muri CVD birimo: gukangura autophagy, gutinda kuvugurura umuyaga, kugabanya imihangayiko ya okiside no gutabara, kubuza apoptose, no kurinda imitsi yumutima kwirinda ischemia cyangwa ischemia / reperfusion (I / R).

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Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa

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Byongerewe autophagy

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Gusaza kardiomyocytes yishingikiriza kuri autophagy, inzira ya lysosomal yunganirwa no kwangirika, kugirango ikureho poroteyine zishobora kwangiza hamwe ningingo zangiritse. Gutakaza autophagy birashobora gutuma imikorere yumutima igabanuka. Intego y’inyamabere yibasiwe na rapamycin (mTOR), serine / threonine protein kinase, ni igenzura rikomeye ryimirire ya homeostasis mu nyamaswa z’inyamabere. Gukora mTOR ibuza autophagy, mugihe AMP ikora protein kinase (AMPK) ikora nkigenzura ryiza rya autophagy, cyane cyane mukubuza ikigo cya mTOR.

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Resveratrol ni polifenol isanzwe iboneka mubiribwa byinshi byibimera, nkibishyimbo, ibishyimbo, ubururu, ninzabibu. Ifite inyungu zitandukanye zubuzima, zirimo anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-garing na cardio-kurinda ingaruka nka autophagy yongerewe. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko resveratrol ishobora guteza autophagy ukoresheje AMPK binyuze munzira zitandukanye. Mubyongeyeho, resveratrol irashobora gutuma selile ibaho mugukoresha inzira ya mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) inzira yo kubaho.

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Berberine ikurwa mu mizi, rhizome n'ibishishwa by'ibiti byinshi bivura imiti kandi bifite ingaruka zitandukanye za farumasi, zirimo anti-inflammatory, antioxidant na autophagy. Nkumukoresha wa AMPK, berberine irashobora gutera autophagy mugukora AMPK kandi irashobora no kongera autofagy muguhagarika mTOR.

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Curcumin ni ibirungo bikomoka mu muryango wa ginger kandi akenshi bikoreshwa muguteka. Curcumin irashobora gutera autofagy muguhagarika PI3K-AKT-mTOR yerekana inzira yerekana inzira, kumanura urwego rwa fosifora ya AKT na mTOR, kugenzura LC3-II, kuzamura imvugo ya BECN1, kugabanya imikoranire hagati ya BECN1 na BCL-2, no kongera acetylation ya FoxO1.

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Irinde guhagarika umutima hamwe no gutwika karande

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Guhangayikishwa na Oxidative hamwe no gutwika karande nimpinduka nyamukuru ya molekuline ibaho muri patrophysiology ya CVD. Gutwika bihora bikora mubasaza kandi ni ibintu bishobora gutera CVD. Kugena hakiri kare gutwika birashobora gukumira cyangwa gutinza kubaho no gutera imbere kwa CVD.

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Sesamine ni lignine nyinshi cyane mu mavuta ya elegitoronike mu mbuto za sesame n'amavuta kandi ifite imirimo itandukanye ya farumasi, harimo antioxydeant na anti-inflammatory. Sesamine irashobora kugenzura imvugo ya PPARγ, LXRα na ABCG1, igatera cholesterol isohoka muri macrophage, kandi ikabuza neza kwirundanya kwa cholesterol iterwa na okiside LDL, bityo bikarinda ko habaho ingirabuzimafatizo muri macrophage.

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Lycopene ni karotenoide isanzwe iboneka muri chloroplasts na chromosomes y'ibimera, ndetse no muri cytoplazme ya eukaryote zimwe na zimwe nka eubacteria na algae. Ibyorezo bya Epidemiologiya byerekana ko kwibanda kuri serumu lycopene bifitanye isano rya bugufi na CVD. Lycopene itesha agaciro ubwoko bwa ogisijeni ikora neza (ROS), igabanya ururenda rwa macrophage ya cytokine itera umuriro na metalloproteinase, ikabuza ikwirakwizwa ry'imitsi yoroheje, kandi igabanya monocytes. Lycopene irashobora guhagarika ibisubizo byumuriro muguhagarika ibikorwa bya NF-κB, kandi birashobora no kugira ingaruka kuri metabolism ya heterobiotic ukoresheje inzira ya Nrf2 / ARE.

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Igitoki ni igihingwa cyitwa monocotyledonous kiri mu bwoko bwa Zingiberaceae. Ginger ifite ibintu byihariye bisiba ROS, harimo na peroxide. Ibintu byose bikora muri ginger, nka curcumin, gingerol, na gingerone, byagaragaje ibikorwa bya antioxydeant. [6] - Gingerol irashobora kongera ibikorwa bya superoxide disutase (SOD) mugukoresha inzira yerekana ibimenyetso bya PI3K / AKT kandi bikagabanya umusaruro wa ROS hamwe na malondialdehyde mumyanya ya kardiomyocytes ya neonatal. Byongeye kandi, ibishishwa bivamo ginger bikungahaye kuri 6-curcumin Gicurasi bishobora kugira ingaruka za antioxydeant itera Nrf2. Ikigaragara ni uko ingaruka zo kurinda imitsi ya ginger zahujwe hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye, harimo kugabanya imihangayiko ya okiside no gutwika, kongera intungamubiri ya nitric (OYA), kubuza imitsi ingirabuzimafatizo ikwirakwira, no guteza imbere autofagy.

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Kubuza kuvugurura myocardial

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Impinduka zubaka zibaho mugihe cyo gusaza k'umutima, harimo no gutera imbere kwa myocardial pathologique, bizwi ko bihanura CVD. Inzira ya myocardial ivugurura irangwa nimpinduka za physiologique na molekuline zitera hypertrophyi yumutima, fibrosis, na myocardium inflammation, amaherezo bigatuma kwiyongera kwumuyaga mwinshi, imikorere mibi yumutima, amaherezo bikananirana kumutima. Angiotensin II iteza hypertrophyi yumutima kandi itera fibroblast ikwirakwizwa no kwerekana poroteyine ya matrix idasanzwe. AMPK igira uruhare runini mu mikurire ya CVD, kandi kubura AMPK byongera hypertrophyie yumutima kandi bigatuma umutima woroha cyane kunanirwa k'umutima.

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Cytokine ihindura ibintu bikura β1 (TGF-β1) igira uruhare runini mugutera fibroblast yumutima gutandukanya fibroblast yumutima. FoxO1 nimpamvu yo kwandukura igira uruhare muri apoptose, guhagarika umutima no gutandukanya selile. TGF-β1 itera imvugo ya FoxO1, kandi muri fibroblast yumutima, TGF-β1 igabanya fosifori ya FoxO1, ikongerera ingufu za kirimbuzi za FoxO1, ikongera urugero rwa poroteyine za FoxO1, kandi igateza imbere itandukaniro rya fibroblast yumutima na fibroblast yumutima.

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Baicalin nikintu gisanzwe gikurwa mumizi yumye ya scutellaria baicalensis. Baicalin ibuza umuvuduko ukabije uterwa na fibrosis yumutima uhindura AMPK / TGF-β / Smads yerekana inzira. Ingaruka nziza za baicalin zirimo kugenzura fiboside yumutima muri vivo no muri vitro ukoresheje AMPK / TGF-β / Smads yerekana inzira. Baicalin irabuza kandi Smad3 no guhinduranya nucleaire ya Smad3 hamwe na co-activate p300, bityo bikabuza iterambere rya fiboside yumutima wa angiotensin II.

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Epicatechin ningenzi ya bioactive polifenol mu cyayi kibisi kandi ni antioxydeant ikomeye. Epicatechin igabanya angiotensin II hamwe na stress irenze urugero-yumutima umutima hypertrophy. Epicatechin ibuza imvugo ya angiotensin II iterwa na c-Fos na c-Jun za poroteyine, bityo ikabuza ibikorwa bya AP-1. Byongeye kandi, epicatechin irashobora guhagarika ibikorwa bya NF-κB muguhagarika inzira yerekana ibimenyetso bya ROS iterwa na p38 na JNK, kandi kubuza gukora AP-1 nigisubizo cya epicatechin ibuza iterambere rya hypertrophyi yumutima muguhagarika transactivation ya EGFR hamwe nubwoko bwayo bwa ERK / PI3K / AKT / mTOR / ptrique ya pratique. ya peptide yinkari no kubuza umutima hypertrophy gutera imbere. Epicatechin irabuza kandi angiotensin II iterwa na ROS itanga umusaruro hamwe na NADPH oxydease, bityo bikabuza hypertrophyi yumutima no guhindura umutima.

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Iri suzuma rirambuye ubushobozi bwibicuruzwa bisanzwe byo gukumira no kuvura indwara zifata umutima. Uko abatuye isi basaza, indwara ziterwa n'umutima n'imitsi zigenda ziba ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuzima rusange. Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bikoreshwa cyane mukurinda no kuvura indwara zitandukanye bitewe nubushobozi bukomeye n'umutekano muke.

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Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibicuruzwa bitandukanye nka resveratrol, berberine, curcumin, lycopene, ginger, baicalein, epicatechin, aside ellagic, honokiol, poria, tanshinone IIA na marigonin E bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukora mukuzamura autophagy, kubuza guhagarika umutima no kubuza kwandura, kwanduza indwara ya myocardial . Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bigira uruhare runini rwo kurinda umutima nimiyoboro y'amaraso muguhuza inzira zitandukanye zerekana ibimenyetso, nka mTOR, AMPK, NF-κB, Nrf2, nibindi.

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Byongeye kandi, indyo yuzuye yimirire, nko kongera gufata imbuto n'imboga, kunywa icyayi kibisi, nibindi, bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago byindwara zifata umutima. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bw'ibyorezo hamwe n'ibigeragezo bivura bishyigikira iki gitekerezo. By'umwihariko, ibinyabuzima bisanzwe nka catechine mu cyayi kibisi, lycopene mu nyanya, na gingerol muri ginger byagaragaje ingaruka zikomeye zo kurinda umutima.

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Nubwo, nubwo ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bifite amasezerano menshi murwego rwo gukumira no kurwanya indwara zifata umutima nimiyoboro, haracyari imbogamizi nimbogamizi. Kurugero, bioavailable yibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe ni bike, uburyo bwibikorwa ntibwumvikana neza, kandi nubuvuzi bugomba kurushaho kugenzurwa. Mubyongeyeho, hashobora kubaho imikoranire hagati yibicuruzwa bitandukanye, kandi gutezimbere dosiye nigihe cyo kuvura nabyo bisaba ubushakashatsi bwinshi.