Mu 2024, ingano y’isoko rya erythritol ku isi biteganijwe ko izarenga miliyari 3 z'amadolari y’Amerika, aho umusaruro w’Ubushinwa ubarirwa hejuru ya 80% by’isi yose. Ibiryo biryohereye, bikomoka ku biribwa bisanzwe nk'inzabibu n'ibihumyo, birimo guhindura amategeko aryoshye y'inganda y'ibiribwa hamwe na label ya "zeru zeru, isukari mu maraso, no kwangirika kw'amenyo" mu buryo butesha umutwe. Kuva mu ishyamba rya Yanki ryamamaye mu buryo butunguranye kugeza kuzamuka kw'ibicuruzwa bitetse bitarimo isukari, kuzamuka kwa erythritol ntabwo ari impinduramatwara mu ikoranabuhanga gusa, ahubwo binagaragaza ibyifuzo by’abaguzi ku buzima no kuryoherwa. Ariko, mugihe siyanse yubumenyi yabajije ibibazo bishya kubyerekeye umutekano wacyo, iyi "revolution nziza" nayo yatangiye gukurikiranwa neza.

Youdaoplaceholder0 I. "Uburozi Bwiza" bwa Kamere: Kode y'ibinyabuzima ya erythritol ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 1.1 Impano zidasanzwe za kamere ?

Erythritol ni alcool ya tetracarubone iboneka cyane mu nzabibu, amapera, garizone n'ibihumyo. Nubwo ibiyirimo bisanzwe ari 0.5% -1.5% gusa, imiterere yihariye ya molekile (C?H??O?) irayiha imitungo idasanzwe:

Youdaoplaceholder0 Igitangaza cya Metabolic ?: Abagera kuri 90% byinjizwa mu mara mato bitagira igogorwa ryimisemburo kandi bigasohoka mu nkari mu masaha 24;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya ?: kilokalori 0,24 gusa kuri garama (0 kilocalori nkuko byasobanuwe n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi), ni 1/10 cya xylitol;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Kuringaniza uburyohe ?: 70% biryoshye kuruta sucrose, hamwe nuburyohe bugarura ubuyanja kandi nta nyuma yabyo, bitandukanye cyane nibisosa.

Youdaoplaceholder0 1.2 Kuva muri Laboratwari kugera kumurongo: Gusimbuka gatatu mubuhanga bwa Fermentation ?

Umusaruro winganda za erythritol ni amateka yubwihindurize yubuhanga bwa mikorobe:

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ikoranabuhanga rya mbere ryambere (1990) ?: Fermentation naturel ishingiye kumusemburo wo mwishyamba, itanga munsi ya 30%, igura amadolari 30.000 kuri toni;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ikoranabuhanga rya kabiri (2010)

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ikoranabuhanga rya gatatu (2020)

Inganda z’Abashinwa zafashe umwanya wa mbere mu ikoranabuhanga - Baolingbao Biology yatangije ikoranabuhanga rya "enzyme immobile continu fermentation", mu gihe Sanyuan Biology yubatsemo umusaruro munini wa erythritol ku isi, ifite umusaruro wa buri mwaka wa toni 120.000 mu 2023. Iyi mpinduramatwara y’ikoranabuhanga ntabwo yagabanije ibiciro gusa ahubwo yanafashaga uburyohe bwo guhangana n’ibicuruzwa byakozwe na sintetike.

Youdaoplaceholder0 2. Umushoferi wubukungu bwa zeru-calorie: Ubucuruzi bwa Wave ya erythritol ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.1 Intambara yo guca inzitizi ku isoko isimbura isukari ?

Ku rugamba rwibinyobwa bitarimo isukari, erythritol yahungabanije imiterere ninyungu eshatu zingenzi:

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ikirango gisanzwe ?: Bitandukanye na synthesis ya chimique yinzira ya sucralose, uburyo bwa fermentation ya mikorobe ihuza inzira yibirango bisukuye;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Kuryoherwa ?: Irashobora kugera kuri 80% yuburyohe bwa sucrose mugihe ikoreshejwe wenyine nta kuvanga bigoye;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Kwagura imikorere ?: Ifatanije na prebiotics na fibre yibiryo, irashobora guteza imbere ibicuruzwa biryoshye kandi bifite akamaro kubuzima.

Amakuru yerekana ko mu 2023, Ubushinwa bukoresha erythritol bwiyongereyeho 58% umwaka ushize, aho inganda z’ibinyobwa zatanze 72% by’ubwiyongere. Yuanqispring yagize uruhare runini mu cyiciro cy’amazi ya zeru-calorie hamwe na formula yihariye ya "erythritol + sodium bicarbonate", kandi igurishwa ryayo ryarenze miliyari 7 mu 2022.

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.2 Kuva Kunywa kugeza Guteka: Ibintu bitatu byingenzi byagezweho muri Revolution Scene ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 Impinduramatwara y’amazi ?: Erythritol ikomatanya na dioxyde de carbone kugirango ikore "ingaruka nziza" idasanzwe ikemura ikibazo cyo gutinda kuryoshya mubinyobwa birimo isukari;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Guteka kutagira isukari ?: Mu kuvanga gum na xanthan gum na gum arabiname, Sachima idafite isukari ya Liangpinpuzi yatsinze ikibazo cyo koroshya kuki iterwa numutungo ukomeye wa hygroscopique wabasimbuye isukari. Igicuruzwa cyagurishije agasanduku karenga miliyoni mumezi atatu kuva yatangizwa.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ibiryo bikora ?: Mu rwego rwimirire idasanzwe ya diyabete, erythritol, iyo ihujwe na dextrin irwanya, yigana imiterere yumuti wa sucrose kandi yahindutse ikintu cyingenzi mubisukari bitarimo isukari idafite ubutunzi umunani hamwe na GI ukwezi.

Youdaoplaceholder0 III. Impaka z'umutekano: Isubiramo ry'ubumenyi munsi ya halo ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.1 Ibicu byumutima byumutima

Muri Gashyantare 2023, ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature Medicine bwateje impagarara nyinshi: kuba erythritol mu maraso byari bifitanye isano neza n’ibyago byo guterwa na trombose. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku barwayi 4000 barwaye indwara zifata umutima n’umutima bwerekanye ko mu itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryakoresheje garama 30 za erythritol buri munsi, ibyago byo gutera umutima byiyongereyeho 1.8. Nyamara, uyu mwanzuro wabajijwe cyane ninganda - amasomo ubwayo afite uburwayi bwibanze, kandi gufata birenze kure cyane ibyo kurya bya buri munsi (amafaranga yiyongera kumacupa y'ibinyobwa bisanzwe ni garama 5).

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.2 Impaka zijyanye no kwihanganira amara ?

Nubwo erythritol ifite kwihanganira neza kurusha izindi alcool (nka maltitol na sorbitol), gufata inshuro imwe ya garama zirenga 50 birashobora gutera uburibwe bwinda ndetse nimpiswi. Izi "ngaruka za FODMAP" zituruka ku kwinjiza kwayo kutuzuye mu mara mato, hamwe n'igice kitabujijwe gusembura no gutanga gaze muri colon. Nyamara, ibigo byibanze byibiribwa byagabanije ingaruka binyuze mukugenzura dosiye (mubisanzwe bigabanya amafaranga yinyongera kuri buri garama 15) hamwe ningamba zo guhuza (nko guhuza na stevioside).

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.3 Ijwi ryashyizweho nabayobozi ?

Mu guhangana n’amakimbirane, ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura cyakomeje kwitonda mu bwitonzi:

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ikigo gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa mu Burayi (EFSA) ?: Muri Nyakanga 2023, ryongeye gushimangira ko ibimenyetso bihari bidashyigikiye isano itera hagati y’indwara ya eryitol n’umutima ndetse n’imitsi ikomeza gufata neza garama 1,6 kuri kilo y’ibiro by’umubiri ku munsi;

Youdaoplaceholder0 FDA?: Ikomeje kuyitondekanya nkibintu bya GRAS (Mubisanzwe bizwi nkumutekano), kwemerera kuyikoresha mubinyobwa, ibikomoka kumata, nibindi.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Komisiyo y’ubuzima y’Ubushinwa ? ivuga ko erythritol igomba gukoreshwa "uko bikenewe kandi ku buryo bukwiye" mu rwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe umutekano mu biribwa.

Youdaoplaceholder0 IV. Ahazaza Intambara: Ubwihindurize bubiri bwo Kuramba no Gukora ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.1 Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga mubikorwa byicyatsi ?

Guhangana no gushidikanya kubidukikije "gukoresha ibinyampeke kugirango bisimbuze isukari", inganda zihutisha udushya mu ikoranabuhanga:

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ibikoresho bidafite ingano ?: Ukoresheje ibyatsi bya selile selile hydrolyzed igisubizo kugirango usimbuze ibinyamisogwe, Shandong Futian Pharmaceutical yubatse umurongo wa toni 10,000;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Igikorwa cyo gutunganya ?: Erythritol iva mumazi ya fermentation yagaruwe binyuze muri nanofiltration, hamwe nigipimo cyo gukira cyiyongereye kiva kuri 70% kigera kuri 95%;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Uruganda rwa Carbone Zero ?: Baolingbao Biotech iratangaza ko amashanyarazi atangwa 100% bitarenze 2025, bikagabanya ikirere cyayo 40%.

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.2 Ibyerekezo bitatu byingenzi byo guhanga udushya ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 Imirire yuzuye ?: granules ya erythritol irekura-yakozwe neza kubarwayi ba diyabete kugirango birinde isukari mu maraso;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ibiryo byiza ?: Bifatanije na acide gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) kugirango ikore "uburyohe bwo kugabanya ibibazo";

Youdaoplaceholder0 Ubukungu bwamatungo ?: Gukemura ikibazo cyibiryo byibiribwa byimbwa ninjangwe zirwaye diyabete, biteganijwe ko ingano y’ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano na miliyoni 500 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri 2024.

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.3 Ibibazo bishya byamabwiriza nimyitwarire ?

Youdaoplaceholder0 Label ibisobanuro byintambara ?: Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi urasaba ko erythritol yasembuwe ititwa "uburyohe bwa kamere" itera imyigaragambyo mu nganda;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Isukari isimbuye umukino wimisoro ?: Ubwongereza burateganya gushyiraho umusoro wubuzima ku binyobwa birimo erythritol, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho politiki y’isi yose;

Youdaoplaceholder0 Imipaka yo kwamamaza ?: Ubuyobozi bwa Leta bushinzwe kugenzura amasoko mu Bushinwa bwahagaritse kwamamaza byimazeyo nka "umutekano rwose" kandi "nta ngaruka mbi", kandi bisaba kwerekana kwihanganira.

Youdaoplaceholder0 Umwanzuro: Kugaruka gushyira mu gaciro impinduramatwara nziza ?

Kwiyongera n’impaka za erythritol byerekana paradox yimbitse mu nganda z’ibiribwa - abaguzi bifuza kwikuramo ingaruka z’ubuzima bw’isukari, nyamara biragoye kureka uburambe bushimishije bw’ibiryo byabo. Nkuko ikoranabuhanga ryaduhaye ubushobozi bwo kongera kuryoshya, birashoboka ko hakenewe imyitwarire mishya y’abaguzi: ? aho kugira ngo "umutekano" wuzuye nka gimmick, irashaka kuringaniza hagati yo kugenzura ibiyobyabwenge, gukora neza no guhitamo neza ?. Erega burya, impinduramatwara yubuzima nyayo ntabwo isimburwa umukara-n-umweru, ahubwo ni ihindagurika ryubwenge bushyize mu gaciro hamwe nubwenge bwabaguzi.