E. [1] Kubwibyo, mumirire yacu ya buri munsi, twese turya byinshi cyangwa bike muriyi ngingo. Nko mu 1848, umuhanga mu bya shimi wo muri ottcosse witwa John Stenhouse yavumbuye iyi ngingo, maze ayitandukanya neza mu 1952.

Abahanga mu bya siyansi basanze erythritol idafite gusa uburyohe bwa sucrose ya 60-70% na karori 0.21 gusa kuri garama yingufu [3], itera kandi impinduka nke mumasukari yamaraso mumubiri wumuntu, kuko nyuma yo gufata erythritol, inyinshi muri zo zinjira kandi zisohoka mu nkari. [4] Kubera iyi miterere, erythritol ikoreshwa nibirango byinshi byibiribwa n'ibinyobwa bisimbuza sucrose.

Kugeza ubu, erythritol yamenyekanye cyane kandi ikoreshwa cyane ku masoko y’isi yose n’Ubushinwa, kandi uturere n’ibihugu birenga 60 byemeje ikoreshwa rya erythritol mu biribwa, birimo Uburayi, Amerika, Ubuyapani, Kanada, Mexico, Burezili, Arijantine, Turukiya, Uburusiya, Ubuhinde, Ositaraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande. Ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo ku bicuruzwa bitandukanye nk'ibinyobwa, guhekenya, shokora, bombo, imigati n'ibiribwa by'ubuzima.

Mubyongeyeho, izi nyungu za erythritol nazo zashyizeho urwego rwinyenyeri isimbuza isukari:

Ubwa mbere, uburyohe bwa erythritol na sucrose byegeranye cyane nibiranga uburyohe, bigarura ubuyanja kandi nta na nyuma yabyo, kandi ntibifite ibyuma "nyuma yinyuma" ya bimwe mu biryohereye, [5] bizamura ihame ryubwiza bwibinyobwa.

Icya kabiri, erythritol itari glycemic mumubiri wumuntu nayo iratandukanye nizindi alcool ya sukari, hafi 90% ya erythritol mumubiri nyuma yo kwinjira mumara mato yinjira mumaraso, no hanze yinkari, hafi 10% gusa mumara, hanyuma amaherezo akazasohoka. [4] Ibi biha abadashoboye kurya isukari uburyo bwo kongera kuryoherwa.

Icya gatatu, irinde uburwayi bw'amenyo, kurinda ubuzima bwo mu kanwa erythritol ifitiye akamaro ubuzima bwo mu kanwa, erythritol ntizahindurwa na bagiteri yo mu kanwa, kandi igira ingaruka mbi kuri streptococcus, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko erythritol ishobora kugabanya umusaruro w’icyapa cy’amenyo, kandi ishobora gukumira amenyo. Lollipops y'abana benshi, bombo y'abana bazakoresha erythritol nk'isoko nziza.

4. Ubushyuhe bukabije hamwe na hygroscopique ya erythritol ifite umutungo muto wa hygroscopique, kristu nziza, kandi byoroshye kumenagura mubicuruzwa byifu. Umutungo wacyo wa hygroscopique ni mutoya muri alcool ya sukari hamwe nibisosa bya sucrose. Ubushyuhe bwumuti wa erythritol ni -97.4J / g. Bitewe n'ubushyuhe bukabije, bikurura imbaraga nyinshi iyo bishonge mumazi kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye zo gukonja. Ibiryo bikomeye nibiryo bikozwe hamwe bifite uburyohe bukonje iyo biririwe. [6]

Mubyukuri, amashami menshi yingenzi yo murugo yakoze isuzuma ryuzuye kandi yemeza umutekano wa erythritol. Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), Ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge (FDA), ikigo cy’ibihugu by’Uburayi gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa (EFSA), n’ibindi, byemeje umutekano wacyo, kandi Ishuri Rikuru ry’imirire n’imirire (NA) ryashyizemo erythritol mu rwego rwo kurya neza.

Mubisimbuza isukari isanzwe, mubyukuri, hari ingingo "zisumba".

Kurugero, xylitol ni uburyohe bwa kijyambere bukurwa mubyatsi, igiti, ibigori, bagasse nibindi bikoresho fatizo byibimera, bikoreshwa cyane mubiribwa bya diyabete kandi bizwi cyane gusimbuza isukari isanzwe.

Nyamara, "inzira yo gukora" ya xylitol iracyafite ibitagenda neza: iracyari ahanini hydrolysis ya acide yinganda, ntabwo "bisanzwe". Byongeye kandi, nubwo indangagaciro ya caloric na glycemic ya xylitol iri hasi, ntabwo "zeru", kandi kurya cyane birashoboka cyane ko bitera ingaruka mbi nko kubyimba no gucibwamo, kandi kwihanganira ni bike.

Ibinyuranye, erythritol nayo "karemano nubuzima bwiza" uhereye kubikorwa, kandi ni imwe muri alcool nkeya yisukari ikorwa na fermentation ya mikorobe.

Ntabwo bigoye kubona ko insimburangingo yisukari nka erythritol, isanzwe muburyo bwo kuyikora no kuyibyaza umusaruro, iracyari ihitamo ryambere kubakoresha benshi kugirango bagere "umudendezo uryoshye".